For the Unix command that looks up command names, see
type (Unix) .
type Developer(s) Various open-source and commercial developers Operating system RT-11 , OS/8 , RSX-11 , TOPS-10 , TOPS-20 , VMS , CP/M , MP/M , CDOS , TRIPOS , HDOS , AmigaDOS , DOS , MSX-DOS , FlexOS , PC-MOS , SpartaDOS X , 4690 OS , OS/2 , Windows , AROS , ReactOS , SymbOS Platform Cross-platform Type Command License PC-MOS: GPLv3 AROS: AROS Public ReactOS: GPLv2
In computing , type is a command in various command-line interpreters (shells ) such as COMMAND.COM
, cmd.exe
, 4DOS /4NT and Windows PowerShell used to display the contents of specified files on the computer terminal . The analogous Unix command is cat .
Implementations
Description of the TYPE command of RT-11SJ displayed on a VT100 .
The command is available in the operating systems DEC RT-11 ,[ 1] OS/8 ,[ 2] RSX-11 ,[ 3] TOPS-10 ,[ 4] TOPS-20 ,[ 5] VMS , Digital Research CP/M ,[ 6] MP/M ,[ 7] [ 8] MetaComCo TRIPOS ,[ 9] Heath Company HDOS ,[ 10] AmigaDOS ,[ 11] DOS , FlexOS ,[ 12] TSL PC-MOS ,[ 13] SpartaDOS X ,[ 14] IBM /Toshiba 4690 OS ,[ 15] IBM OS/2 , Microsoft Windows ,[ 16] ReactOS ,[ 17] AROS ,[ 18] and SymbOS .[ 19]
The type
command is supported by Tim Paterson 's SCP 86-DOS .[ 20] On MS-DOS , the command is available in versions 1 and later.[ 21] DR DOS 6.0 also includes an implementation of the TYPE
command.[ 22]
It is also available in the open source MS-DOS emulator DOSBox and the EFI shell .[ 23]
In Windows PowerShell , type is a predefined command alias for the Get-Content Cmdlet which basically serves the same purpose. TYPE originated as an internal command in 86-DOS .
The command-syntax and feature set between operating systems and command shell implementations can differ as can be seen in the following examples.
DEC RT-11
In Digital Equipment Corporation 's RT-11 , the command accepts up to six input file specifications. Multiple file specifications are separated with commas .
The default filetype is .LST. Wildcards are accepted in place of filenames or filetypes.
Syntax
The command-syntax on RT-11 is:
TYPE[/options] filespecs
COPIES:n
– Specify the number of times the file will be typed
DELETE
– Delete the file after typing it
LOG
– Log the names of the files typed
NEWFILES
– Only files dated with the current system date will be typed
NOLOG
– Suppress the log of the files typed
QUERY
– Require confirmation before typing each file
WAIT
– Wait for user response before proceeding with the type
Examples
TYPE/COPIES:3 REPORT
TYPE/NEWFILES *.LST
DR CP/M, MP/M, FlexOS
In Digital Research CP/M , the command expands tabs and line-feed characters (CTRL-I), assuming tab positions are set at every eighth column.
The command does not support wildcard characters on FlexOS .[ 12]
Syntax
The command-syntax on CP/M is:
TYPE ufn
Note: ufn = unambiguous file reference
In MP/M , the command has a pause mode. It is specified by entering a 'P' followed by two decimal digits after the filename. The specified number of lines will be displayed and then the command will pause until a carriage return is entered.[ 7]
Examples
TSL PC-MOS
The Software Link 's PC-MOS includes an implementation of TYPE
. Like the rest of the operating system, it is licensed under the GPL v3 .[ 24]
It supports an option to display the file content in hexadecimal form.[ 13]
Syntax
The command-syntax on PC-MOS is:
.TYPE filename [/h]
filename
– The name of the file to display
/h
– Display content in hexadecimal form
Examples
Microsoft Windows, OS/2, ReactOS
The ReactOS type
command
The command supports wildcard characters . In Microsoft Windows and OS/2 it includes the filename in the output when typing multiple files.
Syntax
The command-syntax on Microsoft Windows and ReactOS is:
type [Drive:][Path]FileName
[Drive:][Path]FileName
– This parameter specifies the location and name of the file or files to view. Multiple file names need to be separated with spaces.
/?
– This parameter displays help for the command.
Examples
See also
References
^ "RT-11 HELP FILE" . paleoferrosaurus.com . Archived from the original on 2018-07-17. Retrieved 2018-07-16 .
^ "Concise Command Language" (CCL)."OS/8 Handbook" (PDF) . April 1974. Retrieved 28 November 2017 .
^ John F. Pieper (1987). RSX A Guide for Users (PDF) . Digital Equipment Corporation. ISBN 0-932376-90-8 . Retrieved 2020-09-19 .
^ TOPS-10 Operating System Commands Manual (PDF) . Digital Equipment Corporation. August 1980. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-08-09. Retrieved 2019-02-17 .
^ "TOPS-20 Command manual" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-08-09. Retrieved 2018-07-18 .
^ "Manual" (PDF) . www.cpm.z80.de . Retrieved 2020-09-19 .
^ a b Digital Research (July 1981) [1979]. MP/M - Multi-Programming Monitor Control Program - User's Guide (PDF) (4 ed.). Pacific Grove, CA, USA: Digital Research . Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-01-04. Retrieved 2017-01-04 .
^ Digital Research (1981-09-25). MP/M-86 Operating System - User's Guide (PDF) (1 ed.). Pacific Grove, CA, USA: Digital Research . Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-01-04. Retrieved 2017-01-04 .
^ "Manual" (PDF) . www.pagetable.com . Retrieved 2020-09-19 .
^ Heath Company . "Software Reference Manual HDOS SYSTEM Chapter 2 General Operations" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-07. Retrieved 2020-02-08 .
^ Rügheimer, Hannes; Spanik, Christian (September 19, 1988). AmigaDOS quick reference . Grand Rapids, Mi : Abacus. ISBN 9781557550491 – via Internet Archive.
^ a b FlexOS User's Guide Version 1.3 (PDF) . 1.3 (1 ed.). Digital Research . November 1986. 1073-2003-001. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-03-30. Retrieved 2019-04-23 .
^ a b "roelandjansen/pcmos386v501" . GitHub . 2 January 2022.
^
SpartaDOS X 4.48 User Guide
^ "Users guide" (PDF) . archive.org . Retrieved 2020-09-19 .
^ "Microsoft TechNet Type article" . 11 September 2009.
^ "reactos/reactos" . GitHub . 3 January 2022.
^ "AROS Research Operating System" . aros.sourceforge.io .
^ "Data sheet" . www.symbos.de . Retrieved 2020-09-19 .
^ 86-DOS - Disk Operating System for the 8086 - User's Manual (PDF) . Version 0.3 (Preliminary ed.). Seattle, Washington, USA: Seattle Computer Products, Inc. 1980. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-07-14. Retrieved 2019-07-14 . (59 pages)
^ Wolverton, Van (2003). Running MS-DOS Version 6.22 (20th Anniversary Edition), 6th Revised edition . Microsoft Press . ISBN 0-7356-1812-7 .
^ DR DOS 6.0 User Guide Optimisation and Configuration Tips
^ "EFI Shells and Scripting" . Intel . Retrieved 2013-09-25 .
^ Jansen, Roeland (8 February 2018). "pcmos386v501: PC-MOS/386 v5.01 final release including cdrom driver sources" – via GitHub.
Further reading
External links
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