Sum 41 is a Canadian rock band from Ajax, Ontario. The band was formed in 1996 and currently consists of Deryck Whibley (lead vocals, guitars, keyboards), Dave Baksh (lead guitar, backing vocals), Jason McCaslin (bass, backing vocals), Tom Thacker (guitars, keyboards, backing vocals), and Frank Zummo (drums, occasional backing vocals).
In 1999, Sum 41 signed an international record deal with Island Records and released its first EP, Half Hour of Power, in 2000. The band released its debut album, All Killer No Filler, in 2001. The album achieved mainstream success with its first single, "Fat Lip", which reached number one on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart and remains the band's most successful single to date. The album's next singles "In Too Deep" and "Motivation" also achieved commercial success. All Killer No Filler was certified platinum in both the United States and the United Kingdom and triple platinum in Canada. In 2002, the band released Does This Look Infected?, which was also a commercial and critical success. The singles "The Hell Song" and "Still Waiting" both charted highly on the modern rock charts.
The band released its next album, Chuck, in 2004, led by singles "We're All to Blame" and "Pieces". The album proved successful, peaking at number 10 on the Billboard 200. In 2007, the band released Underclass Hero, which was met with a mixed reception, but became the band's highest-charting album to date. It was also the band's last album on Aquarius Records. The band released the album Screaming Bloody Murder, on Island Records in 2011 to a generally positive reception, though it fell short of its predecessors' commercial success. The band's sixth studio album, 13 Voices was released in 2016, through Hopeless Records. IMPALA awarded the album with a double gold award for 150,000 sold copies across Europe. The band's seventh studio album Order in Decline was released on July 19, 2019. It was the band's last album on Hopeless Records. The band's eighth studio album, Heaven :x: Hell, was released on March 29, 2024, through Rise Records. In May 2023, the band announced that the album would be their last as they would be disbanding after its release and a worldwide headlining tour.
Sum 41 has its origins in the band Kaspir, which was formed by Deryck Whibley and Grant McVittie in 1994, inspired by Weezer and Nirvana. As time went on, the band's founding drummer was replaced by Steve Jocz and the music became increasingly inspired by NOFX, particularly their 1991 album Ribbed. Seeing this change as too sonically dissimilar to their original sound, they decided to change their name and sound because they sounded “like the early nineties rock music we used to listen to, and don’t anymore”.[4][5] The band chose to form a new band “Sum 41” after looking at the calendar and counting how many days it had been from the start of their summer break to the day the Warped Tour was on and it was forty-one days.[4] The band debuted its new name during Supernova's Battle of the Bands on September 28, 1996.[4][6][7] The first lineup to use this name included Whibley, Jocz, McVittie and Jon Marshall.[5] Another early member was bassist Richard Roy.[8]
The band met their manager and producer Greig Nori, also the lead vocalist of the band Treble Charger, in 1996 at Jonopalooza,[6] and Whibley convinced Nori to watch his band perform.[6] Nori was not impressed with the band's songs or the original vocalist Jon Marshall and advised Whibley to be the vocalist instead causing Marshall to leave.[8][6] With Whibley moving to lead vocals and rhythm guitar, Dave Baksh, a friend of Deryck and Steve and fellow student at Exeter High School, joined as lead guitarist.[8] Early on the band was involved in a near-fatal car accident, resulting in Roy leaving the band,[8] with Jason McCaslin, another friend of the band’s and student at Exeter High School, being brought in on bass to complete the new line-up.[10][11] In 1996, the band opened for Len.[6]
After signing with Island Records in 1999, Sum 41's first EP, Half Hour of Power, was released on June 27, 2000.[14] The first single released by the band was "Makes No Difference", which had two different music videos.[15] The first video was put together using the video clips sent to the major label, and the second showed the band performing at a house party.[16] The album was certified platinum in Canada.[17]
2001–2003: All Killer No Filler and Does This Look Infected?
Sum 41's first full-length album, All Killer No Filler, was released on May 8, 2001.[18][19] The album was very successful; it was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America in August 2001.[20] "Fat Lip", the album's first single,[21][22][23] achieved significant chart and commercial success; it topped the US Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart as well as many other charts around the world.[24] The song remains the band's most successful to date. After "Fat Lip", two more singles were released from the album: "In Too Deep" and "Motivation".[21][18][25] "In Too Deep" peaked at number 10 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart, while "Motivation" peaked at number 24 on the same chart.[26] The album peaked at number 13 on the Billboard 200 chart and at number nine on the Top Canadian Albums chart.[27] The album was a commercial success, and was certified Platinum in the United States, UK, and triple platinum in Canada[28][29] The album's name was taken from the initial reaction from Joe Mcgrath, an engineer working in the studio.[30]
The band spent much of 2001 touring; the group played over 300 concerts that year before returning to the studio to record another album.[31] The band took part in the 2001 Vans Warped Tour[32] and the Campus Invasion Tour.[33] In April 2002, the band went on a month long tour called the Sum Like it Loud Tour.[31]
On May 3, 2002, Spider-Man was released in theaters which featured an extended version of the song from Sum 41’s first album “Half Hour of Power” called “What We're All About”,[34] which in the album was combined with another short song called “Dave’s Possessed Hair”. The song was listed on the album as “Dave’s Possessed Hair/It’s What We’re All About”.[35]
In October 2002, the band went on a month long tour called the Sum on Your Face Tour.[36] On November 26, 2002, the group released its second album, Does This Look Infected?[37][38] The special edition came with a DVD, Cross The T's and Gouge Your I's. Whibley said of the album: "We don't want to make another record that sounds like the last record, I hate when bands repeat albums."[39] The album featured a harder and edgier sound, and the lyrics featured a more serious outlook.[40] The album peaked at number 32 on the Billboard 200 chart and at number eight on the Top Canadian Albums chart.[41] It was certified Platinum in Canada and gold in the United States.[42][43]
The first single released from the album was "Still Waiting",[44] which peaked at number seven on the Modern Rock Tracks chart.[26][44][45] The second single, "The Hell Song" peaked at number 13 on the chart.[26] "The Hell Song"'s music video depicted the band members using dolls with their pictures on them and others, such as Korn, Kiss, AC/DC, Snoop Dogg, Destiny's Child, Ozzy Osbourne, Sharon Osbourne, and Pamela Anderson.[46] The third single, "Over My Head (Better Off Dead)", had a video released exclusively in Canada and on the band's website, featuring live shots of the band.[47] The video also appeared on the group's live DVD, Sake Bombs and Happy Endings (2003), as a bonus feature.[46] The band again began a long tour to promote the album before recording the group's third studio album.[21]
In late May 2004, the band traveled to the Democratic Republic of Congo with War Child Canada, a branch of the British charity organization War Child, to document the effects of the country's civil war.[48] There had been a stoppage in fighting for almost a year and a half, yet days after arriving, fighting broke out in Bukavu near the hotel where the band was staying.[49][50] The band waited for the fighting to die down, but it did not.[51] A UN peacekeeper, Charles "Chuck" Pelletier, called for armoured carriers to take the hotel's occupants out of the hot zone.[51] After nearly twenty hours, the carriers arrived, and the band and forty other civilians were taken to safety.[51]
In honor of Pelletier, Sum 41 named its next album Chuck; it was released on October 12, 2004.[50][53] The album charted at number 10 on the Billboard 200 chart.[54] It also peaked at number two on the Canadian Albums chart.[55] The album received positive reviews,[56][57] and was certified Platinum in Canada and gold in the United States.[58][59]
The first single from the album was "We're All To Blame",[60] which peaked at number 10 on the Alternative Airplay chart.[61] It was followed by "Pieces",[62] which reached the top of the charts in Canada.[63][64][65] In 2004, the band went on a co-headlining North American Tour with Good Charlotte.[66] The band joined Mötley Crüe on their Carnival of Sin summer tour as an opening act.[67]
A documentary of the band's experience in Congo was made into a film called Rocked: Sum 41 in Congo and later aired on MTV.[68][69][70][71] War Child released it on DVD on November 29, 2005, in the United States and Canada.[68][69][70][71] Following the album's release, the band went on a tour with Good Charlotte until 2006.[72] On December 21, 2005, Sum 41 released a live album, Happy Live Surprise, in Japan.[73][74] The CD contained a full concert recorded live in London, Ontario.[74] The same CD was released March 7, 2006, in Canada under the name Go Chuck Yourself.[73][74] The band played videos before its set that were deemed "unsuitable for children".[75] Controversy arose over some of the videos' violent content.[75]
On May 10, 2006, Dave Baksh, via a statement through management, announced that he was leaving Sum 41 to work with his new band, Brown Brigade, which has a more "classic metal" sound.[6][76] Baksh cited "creative differences" as the reason for his departure, but claimed that he was still on good terms with the band.[76]
The next day, Whibley confirmed Baksh's official departure and announced that the band would only replace him with a touring guitarist, who would not have any decision-making power in the band or be in videos, photo shoots, or albums.[77] The band hired Gob frontman and guitarist Tom Thacker to replace Baksh.[6][77]
On April 17, 2007, the band released a song on iTunes, "March of the Dogs".[78][79] Whibley was threatened with deportation from the United States for the song, because he metaphorically "killed the president" on it.[79][80] The band's fourth studio album, Underclass Hero was released on July 23, 2007.[81]
The album, backed by the first single and title track, "Underclass Hero", was released on July 24, 2007.[79][78][82] Despite mixed reviews,[83] the album was a commercial success, debuting at number seven on the Billboard 200[54] and at number one on the Billboard Rock Albums chart, the band's highest US chart position to date.[84] It also peaked at number one on the Canadian Albums chart[55] and on the Alternative Albums chart.[85] Two more singles were released from the album, "Walking Disaster"[86] and "With Me".[87]Underclass Hero was certified Platinum in Canada.[88] On September 15, 2007, the band headlined the House of Blues with Yellowcard.[89]
In October 2007, the band began the Strength in Numbers Tour, a tour of Canada with Canadian band Finger Eleven; Die Mannequin opened each of Sum 41's shows.[90] During the tour, Whibley sustained a herniated disk.[90] As a result, the group cancelled the rest of its shows.[90] After Whibley recovered from his injury, the band continued the Underclass Hero tour in March 2008 and toured until early July, when the group began preparation for its next album.[91]
Sum 41 released a greatest hits album in Japan titled 8 Years of Blood, Sake and Tears in November 2008.[92] The album included a previously unreleased song, "Always", and a DVD, which contains each of the band's music videos.[92] On March 17, the band released the worldwide version of the album, titled All the Good Shit.[93][94]
2009–2012: Thacker's official arrival and Screaming Bloody Murder
In July 2009, the band was an opening act for The Offspring on their Shit is Fucked Up Tour.[95] Drummer Steve Jocz confirmed that Tom Thacker was now an official member of Sum 41, and would take part in the writing and recording.[96] On November 5, 2009, Whibley posted a blog on the band's MySpace page announcing Gil Norton as the producer of the band's upcoming album, also saying that 20 songs were already written for the album.[97] In an interview with Tom Thacker, some working titles for songs for the new album were confirmed, including "Panic Attack", "Jessica Kill" and "Like Everyone Else".[98] Pre-production for the new album took 13 days in December 2009, with the band officially entering the studio to begin recording at Perfect Sound Studios on January 26, 2010. The new studio album, titled Screaming Bloody Murder,[99] was expected for a late 2010 release, but was delayed until early 2011.[100] The band finished recording on June 24, 2010, just before joining the 2010 Warped Tour. While the group was on the tour, the new album entered the post-production stages of mixing and mastering.[100] A new song called "Skumfuk" was leaked online on July 6, 2010.[101] In an interview with Canoe.ca, Steve Jocz said that while producer Gil Norton was originally hired to engineer the new album, he was only around for a week and Sum 41 self-produced the record.[100] From October to November 2010, the band headlined the Eastpak Antidote Tour [de].[102][103]
The first single from the album, "Screaming Bloody Murder", was released on February 7, 2011, in the United States.[104][105] On February 28, 2011, a stream of "Blood in My Eyes", another new song from the album, was released for free listening on Alternative Press.[106] The album Screaming Bloody Murder was released on March 29, 2011.[107][108][109] On May 28, 2011, Sum 41 performed a live set for Guitar Center Sessions on DirecTV.[110] The episode included an interview with program host Nic Harcourt.[110]
"Baby You Don't Wanna Know" was released as the album's second single.[111] A music video was also produced for the first single, "Screaming Bloody Murder", but it was left unreleased due to its content and difficulties with executives of the band.[112]
On August 9, 2011, Sum 41 released the live album Live at the House of Blues, Cleveland 9.15.07 – a live recording of a show that took place on September 15, 2007, in Cleveland, Ohio, while the band was touring its previous album Underclass Hero.[113] A week later when the band was touring the US as part of the Vans Warped Tour, they were forced once again to cancel all remaining dates, when Whibley re-injured his back after playing three shows.[114] It was announced on the band's official website that they would be postponing indefinitely all upcoming tour dates for 2011 while Whibley underwent treatment.[114] In 2011, Sum 41 was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance for the song "Blood in My Eyes", but lost to the Foo Fighters.[115][116][117]
In February 2012, the band shot a music video for the song "Blood in My Eyes", the third single from the album, with director Michael Maxxis in Los Angeles.[118] It was released officially released on September 10, 2012.[119]
From November to December 2012, the band undertook the Does This Look Infected? 10th Anniversary Tour, touring the United States to celebrate the album's release in 2002.[120][121][122]
On November 26, 2012, the band members revealed that they were taking a break from touring in 2013 to begin work on a new record.[123]
2013–2018: Jocz's departure, Zummo's arrival, return of Baksh, and 13 Voices
In 2015, Dave Baksh (top) rejoined Sum 41, while Frank Zummo (bottom) was recruited as the band's new drummer.
From March to April 2013, the band co-headlined the Dead Silence Tour with Billy Talent.[124] On April 18, 2013, drummer Jocz announced he would be leaving the band on his official Facebook page,[125][126][127] leaving Whibley as the sole founding member of the band.[128]
On May 16, 2014, Deryck Whibley posted on his website, explaining that he had liver and kidney failure due to excessive drinking. He also said that he had some ideas for new songs, and that the band would be soon starting to make a new album.[129] On June 9, 2014, Whibley said on his Facebook page that he was working on new Sum 41 music out of his home studio to get ready to record some new tunes.[130]
On July 9, 2015, the band launched a PledgeMusic campaign for its comeback album.[131] On July 23, 2015, the band played its comeback show at the Alternative Press Awards, which featured former lead guitarist Dave Baksh, joining the band on stage nine years after his departure.[132][133] The band's set also featured DMC as guest.[134] It also introduced Frank Zummo from Street Drum Corps as the new drummer.[135] Sum 41 confirmed Baksh's official return to the band on August 14, 2015.[134] On December 26, 2015, Sum 41 teased two new songs on their Instagram profile.[134]
The band performed on the 2016 Warped Tour.[136] On May 11, 2016, the group announced its signing to Hopeless Records.[137][138] The band announced on June 6, 2016 that their sixth album would be called 13 Voices and would be released on October 7, 2016.[139] That same day, they also revealed album's track list and cover art.[139] The first song from the upcoming album, "Fake My Own Death", was released on June 28, 2016, through Hopeless Records' official YouTube channel, along with a music video for the song.[140][141] The song was performed on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert on October 3, 2016.[142] The album's first official single, "War", was released on August 25, 2016.[143][144] On September 29, 2016, the track "God Save Us All (Death to Pop)" was officially released (along with a live music video).[145][146]IMPALA awarded the album with a double gold award for 150,000 sold copies across Europe.[147][148]
On September 29, 2016, it was announced that the band would be headlining the 2016 Kerrang! Tour.[149][150] From October 2016 to August 2017, the band went on their Don't Call It a Sum-Back Tour in support of 13 Voices. The band played nearly 100 shows in the Americas,[151] Europe,[152] and Asia.[153] The band invited fans to record a music video for "Goddamn I'm Dead Again" that was released on May 3, 2017.[154] In April 2017, the band co-headlined the 2017 Canadian Tour with Papa Roach.[155] From April to May 2017, the band co-headlined the We Will Detonate Tour with Pierce the Veil.[156] The group embarked on a 15th anniversary tour of Does This Look Infected in 2018.[157][158]
From April to May 2019, the band embarked on an intimate tour called the No Personal Space Tour.[159] In April 2019, the band announced via social media its return with new music.[160][161] On April 24, 2019 they released the single, "Out for Blood" through Hopeless Records.[161][162] The same day, the band also announced their seventh studio album, Order in Decline, with a set release date of July 19, 2019.[160][161][163]
The second single from the album "A Death in the Family" was released along with a music video on June 11, 2019.[164][165] On June 18, 2019, "Never There" was released as the third single, along with a video.[166][167] On July 8, 2019, the band released "45 (A Matter of Time)" as the fourth single, along with a video.[168][169] On July 18, 2019, the band performed a medley of Metallica songs including "For Whom The Bell Tolls", "Enter Sandman", and "Master Of Puppets" at Sirius XM studios.[170][171][172]
In September 2019, the band started a North American tour called the Order in Decline Tour.[173][174] On top of supporting Order in Decline, the tour was also done in support of the 15th Anniversary of their studio album Chuck.[173][175] From November to December 2019, the band went on a co-headlining tour with The Offspring.[176][177] On May 28, 2021, the band released a version of "Catching Fire" featuring Nothing,Nowhere, along with a music video.[178][179][180]
2022–present: Heaven :x: Hell, final tour and planned disbandment
On February 22, 2022, the band announced a U.S. tour with Simple Plan called the Blame Canada tour that ran from April to August 2022.[181][182][183]
On March 23, 2022, the band announced their eighth studio album, Heaven :x: Hell, a double album.[184][185][186][187]Heaven will return to the pop punk sound of the band's early career while Hell is a continuation of the band's more recent heavier metal sound.[184][185][186][187]
On October 8, 2022, during their Does This Look All Killer No Filler Tour, Sum 41 performed at the Unipol Arena in Bologna, drawing over 14,000 attendees, the band's largest concert ever held in Europe.[188]
On February 22, 2023, it was announced that the band would be playing at When We Were Young on October 22, 2023.[189][190] On May 8, 2023, the band announced it would be disbanding following the release of Heaven :x: Hell and a worldwide headlining tour.[1][2]
On September 19, 2023, it was announced that Whibley was hospitalized for COVID-19,[191] and pneumonia, which led to heart failure.[192][193] The next day, it was announced that he was responding well to his treatments and was discharged from the hospital.[194] Despite being discharged from the hospital, Whibley stated that he was "not out of the woods yet" but is "staying positive."[195][196] On September 24, the band launched a Laylo website, hinting fans that "Something is coming..."[197]
The first single of the album, titled "Landmines", was released on September 27, 2023, along with a music video. The song is a return to the pop-punk sound of the band's early career, meaning it will be part of the Heaven side on the upcoming album. The band also announced that they signed with Rise Records.[198][199] The second single, "Rise Up", was released on December 12, 2023, along with a music video.[200][201] The song is in the style of the band's more recent heavier metal sound, meaning it will be part of the Hell side on the upcoming album.[200][201] The album was released on March 29, 2024.[200][201]
On January 16, 2024, the band announced dates for their farewell world tour, with their final two shows set to take place on January 28 and January 30, 2025 at Scotiabank Arena in Toronto.[202][203] The band played "Landmines" on Jimmy Kimmel Live! on February 8, 2024.[204][205] On February 22, 2024, the band released "Waiting on a Twist of Fate" as the album's third single.[206][207] A music video for "Dopamine" was released on March 29, 2024, the same day as the album.[208]
Before the release of Half Hour of Power, and up until the departures of Dave Baksh and Steve Jocz, Sum 41 occasionally played as an alter ego 1980s heavy metal band called Pain for Pleasure during shows.[210] The band appeared in Sum 41's music videos for "Fat Lip" and "We're All to Blame" and had at least one song on each of the band's first three releases.[211] The group's best known song under the Pain for Pleasure moniker is the song of the same name from All Killer No Filler, a track that remains the band's staple during live shows and features drummer Steve Jocz on lead vocals. During the Don't Call It a Sum-Back Tour in 2017, Pain for Pleasure appeared performing the song at the end of their show with guitarist Tom Thacker replacing Jocz as the vocalist.[210]
Shortly after touring for Does This Look Infected?, Sum 41 was recruited by Iggy Pop for his album, Skull Ring.[214] Whibley co-wrote the first single from the album, "Little Know It All", and joined Iggy on the Late Show with David Letterman to promote it.[214] Following the band's show of September 11, 2005, in Quebec City, Quebec, the band went on a touring hiatus, although on April 17, 2006, Sum 41 played at a tribute to Iggy Pop, joining Iggy on stage for "Little Know It All" and "Lust For Life".[225][226][227]
Sample of "Fat Lip" from All Killer No Filler. "Fat Lip" has been described as pop-punk, much like the band's other material.[234] Unlike the band's other material, the song contains rapping during the verses.[235][236]
In a November 2004 interview, Deryck Whibley said: "We don't even consider ourselves punk. We're just a rock band. We want to do something different. We want to do our own thing. That's how music has always been to us."[260] Dave Baksh reiterated Whibley's claims, stating "We just call ourselves rock... It's easier to say than punk, especially around all these fuckin' kids that think they know what punk is. Something that was based on not having any rules has probably one of the strictest fucking rule books in the world."[261]
Sum 41's musical style has consistently changed between albums.[262] The band's EP Half Hour of Power is described as pop-punk[35][263][264] and skate punk.[240][263]All Killer No Filler was also described as pop-punk[21][265][266] and skate punk[267] (except for "Pain for Pleasure", which is purely heavy metal).[268]Does This Look Infected? has been described as punk rock,[269] pop-punk[265] melodic hardcore,[252]horror punk,[252] and heavy metal.[252]Chuck departed heavily from their pop-punk origins, into a sound influenced by heavy metal and hardcore punk,[50][256] and has been categorised by critics as alternative metal,[262] thrash metal[256][262] and melodic hardcore.[262]Underclass Hero was as a revival of the band's pop-punk style,[270] however differentiated itself from their early work through its heavy use of acoustic guitars, complex vocal harmonies, pianos and organs.[271]Screaming Bloody Murder saw the band turn in a much darker direction. Sonically it was a return to metal, while also incorporating elements of garage rock and, on some songs, progressive rock.[262]13 Voices and Order in Decline saw the band continue in this heavier direction, incorporating elements of hardcore punk, metalcore and thrash metal.[262] Their final album, Heaven :x: Hell, is a double album which features both a return to the pop-punk sound of the band's early career, and a continuation of the band's later heavy metal sound.[272][273] This album was also described as skate punk,[274] alternative rock,[274] and alternative metal.[275]
Tom Thacker – lead guitar, backing and occasional lead vocals (2009–present; touring 2007–2009),[307][8] rhythm guitar (2015–present), keyboards (2016–present)
Frank Zummo – drums, occasional backing vocals (2015–present)[307]
^In May 2023, the band announced that they would be disbanding after the release of their eighth album Heaven :x: Hell in 2024 and conclusion of its supporting tour in 2025.[1][2]
Cousin, Loïc (March 11, 2017). "Les Sum 41 mettent le feu à Talence" [The Sum 41 set fire to Talence]. Bordeaux Gazette (in French). Archived from the original on May 24, 2022. Retrieved December 27, 2023.
^"Cancela Sum 41 sus presentaciones en México" [Sum 41 cancels its performances in Mexico] (in Spanish). Notimex. September 2, 2011. ProQuest887145595.
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Australian politician Bill HeffernanBill Heffernan in April 2010Senator for New South WalesIn office18 September 1996 – 9 May 2016Preceded byMichael BaumeSucceeded byBrian Burston Personal detailsBorn (1943-03-03) 3 March 1943 (age 80)Junee, New South WalesNationalityAustralianPolitical partyLiberal Party of AustraliaOccupationFarmer William Daniel Heffernan (born 3 March 1943),[1] is an Australian former politician who was a Liberal Party member of the Senate represen...
What The Hack (als Verballhornung des englischen What the heck?, zu Deutsch „Was zum Teufel?“) war die fünfte Veranstaltung einer Folge von Freiluft-Hacker-Konferenzen, die im vierjährlichen Turnus in den Niederlanden stattfinden, in diesem Fall vom 28. bis 31. Juli 2005[1][2] in Liempde (Gemeinde Boxtel, Nordbrabant). Ihre Vorgänger waren 1989 die Galactic Hacker Party, 1993 Hacking at the End of the Universe, 1997 Hacking In Progress und 2001 Hackers At Large; Nachfol...
هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (نوفمبر 2019) نادي أوردينغن 05 تأسس عام 1905 البلد ألمانيا الدوري الدوري الألماني الدرج...
2006 American epic crime thriller film by Martin Scorsese For other uses, see The Departed (disambiguation). The DepartedTheatrical release posterDirected byMartin ScorseseScreenplay byWilliam MonahanBased onInfernal Affairsby Alan Mak & Felix ChongProduced by Brad Pitt Brad Grey Graham King Starring Leonardo DiCaprio Matt Damon Jack Nicholson Mark Wahlberg Martin Sheen Ray Winstone Vera Farmiga Alec Baldwin CinematographyMichael BallhausEdited byThelma SchoonmakerMusic byHoward ShoreProd...
Very low energy, short range radio precise positioning Ultra-wideband (UWB, ultra wideband, ultra-wide band and ultraband) is a radio technology that can use a very low energy level for short-range, high-bandwidth communications over a large portion of the radio spectrum.[1] UWB has traditional applications in non-cooperative radar imaging. Most recent applications target sensor data collection, precise locating,[2] and tracking.[3][4] UWB support started to ap...
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Santha Pydipala – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2020) (Learn how and when to remove th...
Plano del Metro de Madrid en el PAU de Las Tablas. Programa de Actuación Urbanística (PAU) es, en España, el marco legal de desarrollo urbanístico de barrios completos definido en el Real Decreto 2159/1978 de 23 de junio. Los programas de actuación urbanística efectúan la ordenación y urbanización de terrenos clasificados como suelo urbanizable no programado para la realización de unidades urbanísticas integradas. Dichas unidades urbanísticas integradas suelen ser nuevos barrios, ...
Region of Kazakhstan Region in KazakhstanWest Kazakhstan Region Батыс Қазақстан облысы (Kazakh)Западно-Казахстанская область (Russian)RegionFrom the top, Oral, Kirsanov Sanctuary, Zhangir Khan Mausoleum Coat of armsMap of Kazakhstan, location of West Kazakhstan Region highlightedCoordinates: 51°14′N 51°22′E / 51.233°N 51.367°E / 51.233; 51.367Country KazakhstanCapitalOralGovernment • Akim...
Negative of a convex function In mathematics, a concave function is the opposite of a convex function. A concave function is also synonymously called concave downwards, concave down, convex upwards, convex cap, or upper convex. Definition A real-valued function f {\displaystyle f} on an interval (or, more generally, a convex set in vector space) is said to be concave if, for any x {\displaystyle x} and y {\displaystyle y} in the interval and for any α ∈ [ 0 , 1 ] {\displaystyle ...
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: The Call of Cthulhu and Other Weird Stories – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The Call of Cthulhu and Other Weird Stories AuthorH. P. LovecraftCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishSerie...
Enam tingkat pemisahan. Enam tingkat pemisahan (bahasa Inggris: Six degrees of separation) adalah sebuah teori yang mengatakan bahwa setiap manusia di bumi memiliki hubungan dengan manusia lainnya, yang hanya terpisah sejauh 6 orang. Dengan kata lain, dua orang yang tidak saling kenal di dunia ini dapat dihubungkan satu sama lain melalui (rata-rata) 6 pihak. Pendapat mengenai konsep “Enam tingkat pemisahan” dicetuskan pertama kali oleh penulis cerpen Hungaria bernama Frigyes Karinthy ...