Somnath Lahiri became attracted to Marxism under the guidance of Bengali revolutionary Bhupendranath Datta in 1930. Initially, he worked in E.B. Railway workers' union and played an important role with Dr. Ronen Sen and Abdul Halim in building the Communist party's Calcutta Committee.[2][3]
Early political life
Lahiri joined the Communist party in 1931, and started working in rail and tram workers Union in Kolkata. In 1933, he organized the first labour association of Tata Iron & Steel in Jamshedpur.
He was also elected as an interim general secretary of the CPI in 1935 following the arrest of S. S. Mirajkar. However, Lahiri himself was arrested a few months later and was replaced by P. C. Joshi.[4]
According to the party's resolution of 1938, he became attached with Muzaffar Ahmed and Bankim Mukherjee and joined the Left consolidation committee. He also led the historical Sweeper strike of Kolkata Municipal Corporation in 1944.
Lahiri has moved base to Bengal and started working in the state. He was elected CPI councillor of the Calcutta Municipal Corporation along with Muhammad Ismail from the Labour Constituency in 1944.[5]
Constituent Assembly
Lahiri was the sole Communist member in the Constituent Assembly in 1946 elected from Bengal. He also substantially contributed to the debates regarding drafting of the Constitution of India.[2][3]
On the issue of right to privacy, Lahiri took a progressive view. On 30 April 1947, Lahiri proposed to make the right to privacy of correspondence a fundament right. However, his proposal did not receive any traction.[6]
Somnath Lahiri had said in CAD, Vol III, p. 404. that -
"I feel that many of these fundamental rights have been framed from the point of view of a police Constable… you will find that very minimum rights have been conceded and are almost invariably followed by a proviso. Almost every article is followed by a proviso which takes away the right almost completely,..What should be our conception of fundamental rights ?....We want to incorporate every one of those rights which our people want to get."[7]
Later political career
Lahiri was elected to the CPI central committee during the first party congress in the 1943 and the second party congress in 1948.[8]
However, he was later isolated in the party and was removed from the central committee, following the removal of B. T. Ranadive in June 1950 as the party denounced the BTR line which called for violent overthrow of the government.[9][5]
The party criticised the line as "left adventurism" and elected a new central committee in 1951.
In the 1967 elections, with CPI and CPI(M) fighting against each other, Lahiri came out victorious in a triangular contest.[5]
Subsequently, he became a minister in the two United Front Governments. He held the position of cabinet minister in charge of information and culture for West Bengal in 1967. In 1969, he became the minister for local self-government and public works.[11]
Somnath Lahiri was a well known political intellectual and writer. In 1931 he translated the book The State and Revolution to Bengali. Samyobad (Socialism) is another book of his. He was the editor of Swadhinata, a daily left political magazine. He also wrote many articles in Ganashakti, Aage Cholo, Kalanatar.Kalijuger golpo. The short stories collection of Somnath Lahiri was first published in 1967.[12]
He brought out the first Bangla and Hindi journals, Abhijan and Jangi Mazdur, of and for the working class.[5]
Personal life
Lahiri led an exceptionally simple, unassuming life. He had an acerbic tongue and an inimitable sense of humour. He had varied interests beyond politics—he liked to read novels, watch films and theatres, and listen to music and songs. Wielding a facile pen he wrote short stories and novels as well.
