Roman Catholic Diocese of Recanati

Concattedrale di S. Flaviano

Tomb of Pope Gregory XII, S. Flaviano

The Diocese of Recanati was a Roman Catholic diocese in Italy. It was founded in 1240 by Pope Gregory IX.^[1]

Its principal church, S. Flaviano, was raised to the dignity of a cathedral on 21 December 1239, and separated from the jurisdiction of the diocese of Osimo. The diocese of Osimo was suppressed, having chosen to support the Emperor Frederick II against the pope.^[2] On 22 May 1240, the Castello di Recanati was raised to the dignity of a city by Gregory IX.^[3]

During its early history it often lost and regained its episcopal status due to papal politics.^[4] On 27 July 1263 the diocese was completely suppressed by Pope Urban IV in the Bull Cives Recanatensis, due to its support of Manfred, who claimed the Kingdom of Sicily.^[5]

It survives as a titular see.^[6]

History

Pope Sixtus V was greatly devoted to the cult of the Virgin Mary and the Holy House of Loreto,^[7] purported to be the house in Nazareth in which the Virgin Mary was born or lived, and which was transported by angels to Tersatto, Croatia, in 1291.^[8] Loreto was an ecclesiastical territory belonging to no diocese and directly subject to the Holy See (Papacy). Pope Sixtus conceived of a plan to honor the Virgin by exalting the town where her shrine was located. On 17 March 1586, he decreed, in the Bull Pro excellenti, that the town (oppidum) of Loreto should be raised to the status of a city (civitas), and that the city should become the center of a diocese, with its seat at the Basilica of the Virgin Mary. To provide territory to support the apparatus of a diocese, the already existing diocese of Recanati was suppressed, and its territory was transferred to the new diocese of Loreto. The cathedral of Recanati was demoted to the status of collegiate church. Bishop Galeazzo Moroni, the Bishop of Macerata who was also Bishop of Recanati, was released from his connection to the diocese of Recanati.^[9]

Sixtus went even further. He wanted Loreto to enjoy the prestige of being a festival city. He had already, on 7 July 1590, ordered the Auditor of the Rota for Macerata to police and restrict the festivals associated with the grain harvest and the wine harvest.^[10] He also he intended to transfer the annual fair of Recanati to Loreto. The bull was ordered, but Sixtus died before it could be finished or executed.^[11] Recanati sent ambassadors to his successor, Pope Urban VII, to congratulate him and to complain about Sixtus' injustices, but the new pope died after only thirty days in office.^[12] The next pope, Gregory XIV was favorable to the idea of the restoration of the diocese of Recanati, but reversing the actions of a previous pope required subtlety and preparation. He therefore appointed a commission of cardinals, which agreed to reverse the acts of Sixtus V almost completely. The Administrator of Loreto, however, intrigued and eventually got Gregory XIV to appoint a second commission, which was agreed to restore the bishopric of Recanate, but not its territory. In the meantime, Pope Gregory died on 15 October 1591.^[13] The next pope, Innocent IX, immediately proposed in Consistory the restoration of the diocese of Recanati, and on 19 December 1591 issued the decree. But Innocent died on 29 December 1591, and the bull remained unsigned. Pope Innocent VIII was elected on 30 January 1592, and on 9 February he issued the bull which restored the diocese of Recanati and united to it the diocese of Loreto, to form the Diocese of Recanati-Loreto.^[14]

In implementing the Lateran Pact of 1929, it was necessary that the Holy See (Papacy) make extensive changes in the status of the diocese and sanctuary of Loreto. The Holy Shrine was to be placed under the direction of the Holy See, but that presented a problem, since the Basilica was the seat of the bishop of Recanati e Loreto; the seat had to be removed.^[15] Pope Pius XI, therefore, in the Bull Laurentanae Basilicae of 15 September 1934, suppressed the diocese of Loreto and removed the seat of a bishop from the basilica.^[16] The relationship of the bishop between his dioceses of Recanati and Loreto aeque personaliter was dissolved, and the diocese of Loreto was incorporated into the diocese of Recanati. The current bishop of Recanati, Aluigi Cossio, was to be called the bishop of Recanati-Loreto, for the time being.^[17]

On 11 October 1935, the Roman Curia's Consistorial Congregation published a decree, stating that Pope Pius XI had ordered that the jurisdiction of the Administrator of the Pontifical Basilica of Loreto should extend to the city of Loreto and the surrounding district, in which the jurisdiction of the bishop of Recanati-Loreto was to be suspended as long as papal administration applied. The bishop of Recanati thus lost part of his diocesan territory, and Loreto's obligation to contribute to the bishop's income was terminated. ^[18]

On 30 September 1986 it merged with the Diocese of Macerata-Tolentino, the Diocese of Osimo e Cingoli and the Diocese of San Severino to form the Diocese of Macerata-Tolentino-Recanati-Cingoli-Treia, abolishing the status aequaliter principaliter, resulting in there being one diocese and one bishop.^[19] On December 17, 2022, the Holy See reestablished Recanati as a Titular See, and Bishop Diego Giovanni Ravelli was appointed as Titular Archbishop of that see.^[20]

Chapter and cathedral

The bull which created the cathedral of S. Flaviano in Recanati did not mention the new cathedral Chapter. In a document of 10 September 1256, however, appear the signatures of Paolo di Tedelgardo, Prior of the Chapter, and ten Canons. In an act of 14 April 1290 appear the signatures of Archdeacon Corrado and sixteen Canons.^[21] When the diocese was restored and made part of the Diocese of Macerata e Recanati in 1356, the Cathedral of Macerata had an Archdeacon and eight Canons, while the co-cathedral in Recanati had a Provost and eight Canons. The Provost of Recanati was also Archpriest of the cathedral. In the mid-fifteenth century the Chapter of Recanati was again headed by an Archdeacon, but in 1467 the archdeaconate was suppressed, and the principal dignity of the Chapter was again the Provost.^[22] The archdeaconate was restored in 1518, by Bishop Luigi Tasso (1516–1520), who also issued new regulations for Canons and Altaristi.^[23] When the seat of the bishop was in Macerata, the services in the Cathedral of S. Flaviano in Recanati were maintained by the College of Mansionarii (Altaristi), fourteen in number^[24]

In 1682, the Chapter of Recanati had four dignities (Provost, Archdeacon, Archpriest, Dean^[25]) and twelve Canons, while the Chapter of Loreto had four dignities and seventeen Canons.^[26] In 1746, the Chapter of Recanati had four dignities and eighteen Canons, while the Chapter of Loreto had four dignities and twenty Canons.^[27]

There had also been a College of Canons at the church of S. Vitus, but in 1461 the Canons were assimilated to the cathedral Chapter. Their Cantor, however, did not become one of the Canons.^[28]

Synods

A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See.^[29]

Bishop Rutilio Benzoni (1592–1613) held a diocesan synod in Loreto on 21 September 1588, after having made a general pastoral Visitation of the entire diocese. He held a second synod on 24 November 1592.^[30] Benzoni held a synod at Recanati on 24 November 1609, in which he appointed a committee to revise the calendar of saints' days for the diocese; the calendar was published in 1611.^[31] Cardinal Agostino Galamini (1613–1620) held a diocesan synod for Recanati on 14 November 1614, and for Loreto on 23 November.^[32] Cardinal Giulio Roma (1621–1634) held a synod at Recanati on 29 January 1623; in accordance with the decrees of the Council of Trent, the offices of Theologus and Penitentarius were established in the cathedral Chapter. He held another synod on 15 November 1632, and again on 18 April 1633. He presided over a synod at Loreto on 8 January 1626, regulating clerical discipline and the operation of the Choir of the Basilica.^[33]

Bishop Ciriaco Vecchioni (1767–1787) presided over a diocesan synod at Recanati on 29 April—1 May 1781, and had their constitutions published in 1782.^[34]

Bishops

Diocese of Recanati

Latin Name: Recinetensis
Erected: 1240

• Rainerius (1241–1244?)^[35]
• Petrus Georgii (1244–1249?)^[36]
• Matthaeus (attested 1249)^[37]
• Bonajuncta, O.Min. (1256?–1263)^[38]

Diocese of Recanati suppressed (1263–1289)^[39]

• Salvus, O.P. (1289–1300)^[40]
• Fridericus (1301–1320)^[41]

Diocese of Recanati suppressed (1320–1356)^[42]

Diocese of Recanati e Macerata

• Nicolò da San Martino, O.P. (1356–1369)^[43]
• Oliviero (1369–1374)^[44]
• Giovanni di Bartolomeo (1374–1383)^[45]
• Paolo (19 September 1382 - ?) (Avignon Obedience)
• Niccolò Vanni (1383 - ?) (Roman Obedience)
• Angelo Cino (20 July 1385 - 9 September 1409 deposed)(Roman Obedience)
• Angelo Baglioni (9 September 1409 - 1412) (Pisan Obedience)
• Nicolaus, O.E.S.A. (1412–1418) (Pisan Obedience)^[46]
• Marinus de Tocco (1418–1428)^[47]
• Benedetto Guidalotti (1429)^[48]
• Giovanni Vitelleschi (1431–1435)^[49]
• Thomas Tomasini, O.P. (1435–1440)^[50]
• Nicolaus d' Asti (1440–1460)^[51]
• Petrus Giorgii (1460–1469)^[52]

Francesco Morosini (1470–1471) Administrator^[53]

• Andreas de Pilis (1471–1476)^[54]
• Gerolamo della Rovere (1476–1507)^[55]
• Teseo de Cupis (1507–1516 Resigned)^[56]
• Luigi Tasso (1516–1520 Died)^[57]
• Cardinal Giovanni Domenico de Cupis (1522–1548 Resigned) Administrator^[58]
• Paolo de Cupis (1548–1553 Died)^[59]
• Cardinal Giovanni Domenico de Cupis (1553 Resigned) Administrator^[60]
• Filippo Roccabella (1553–1571 Died)^[61]
• Gerolamo Melchiori (1571–1573 Resigned)^[62]
• Galeazzo Moroni (1573–1586)^[63]

The diocese of Recanati was suppressed on 17 March 1586.

Diocese of Recanati e Loreto

Latin Name: Recinetensis et ab Alma Domo Lauretana
9 February 1592: Diocese of Recanati restored and united with the Diocese of Loreto

• Rutilio Benzoni (1592–1613 Died)^[64]
• Cardinal Agostino Galamini, O.P. (1613–1620)^[65]
• Cardinal Giulio Roma (1621–1634) ^[66]
• Amico Panici (1634–1661?)^[67]

Sede vacante (1661–1666)^[68]

• Giacinto Cordella (1666–1675 Died)^[69]
• Cardinal Alessandro Crescenzi, C.R.S. (1676–1682 Resigned)^[70]
• Guarnerio Guarnieri (1682–1689 Died)^[71]
• Raimondo Ferretti (1690–1692)^[72]
• Lorenzo Gherardi (1693–1727 Died)^[73]
• Benedetto Bussi (1727–1728 Died)^[74]
• Vincenzo Antonio Maria Muscettola (1728–1746 Died)^[75]
• Giovanni Battista Campagnoli (1746–1749 Died)^[76]
• Giovanni Antonio Bacchetoni (1749–1767 Died)^[77]
• Ciriaco Vecchioni (1767–1787 Died)^[78]

Sede Vacante (1787–1800)^[79]

Domenico Spinucci (1787–1796) Administrator^[80]

Settimio Mazzagalli, Vicar Capitular^[81]

• Felice Paoli (1800–1806 Died)^[82]
• Stefano Bellini (1807–1831 Died)^[83]
• Alessandro Bernetti (1831– 1846 Died)
• Francesco Brigante Colonna (1846–1855 Died)
• Giovanni Francesco Magnani (1855–1861 Died)
• Giuseppe Cardoni (1863–1867 Resigned)
• Tommaso Gallucci (1867–1897 Died)
• Guglielmo Giustini (1898–1903 Died)
• Vittorio Amedeo Ranuzzi de' Bianchi (1903–1911 Resigned)
• Alfonso Andreoli (1911–1923 Died)
• Aluigi Cossio (1923–1955 Retired)

Diocese of Recanati

Diocese of Loreto suppressed: 15 September 1934
Immediately Subject to the Holy See

• Emilio Baroncelli (1955–1968 Retired)^[84]

Sede vacante (1968–1976)

• Francesco Tarcisio Carboni (1976–1985)^[85]

25 January 1985: United with the Diocese of Macerata e Tolentino, the Diocese of Osimo e Cingoli, and the Diocese of San Severino-Treia to form the Diocese of Macerata-Tolentino-Recanati-Cingoli-Treia^[86]

See also

• Roman Catholic Diocese of Macerata-Tolentino-Recanati-Cingoli-Treia

Notes and references

1. Leopardi, p. 26. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, p. 410, note 1 (stating that the bull was dated 4 July 1240).
2. Cappelletti, Le chiese d' Italia VII, pp. 197-198, quoting the bull in full. Gaetano Moroni, ed. (1852). Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica (in Italian). Venezia: Tipografica Emiliana. pp. 277–278.
3. Leopardi, p. 26.
4. Umberto Benigni (1911). "Recanati and Loreto." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911; retrieved: 6 February 2019.
5. Pope Urban IV, "Cives Recanatenses", in Bullarum diplomatum et privilegiorum sanctorum Romanorum pontificum Taurinensis editio, Tomus III (Turin 1858), pp. 697–698 (in Latin).
6. Mickens, Robert (22 April 2023). "The anti-clericalist pope makes his "altar boy" an archbishop". La Croix. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
7. Karin Vélez (2018). The Miraculous Flying House of Loreto: Spreading Catholicism in the Early Modern World. Princeton University Press. pp. 3–7, 12–13, 48–55. ISBN 978-0-691-18449-4.
8. Pope Sixtus himself states in Pro excellenti § 1: in cuius medio inest illud sacrum cubiculum divìnis mysteriis consecratum, in quo dicta Virgo Maria naia fuit, et ibidem ipsa, ab angelo salutata, Salvatorem Mundi de Spiritu Sancto concepti, ministerio angelorum illuc translatum; et ad dictam ecclesiam, ob miracula, quae in dies omnipotens Dominus , intercessione et meritis eiusdem B. Mariae Virginis, in eodem cubiculo operari dignatur.... These legends can only be traced back to the 14th century.
9. Bullarum diplomatum et privilegiorum sanctorum Romanorum pontificum Taurensis editio (in Latin). Vol. Tomus VIII. Turin: Seb. Franco. 1863. pp. 666–669.
10. Bullarum diplomatum et privilegiorum sanctorum Romanorum pontificum Taurensis editio Tomus IX, p. 358: committimus et mandamus ut feriarum dies, tam messium et vindemiarum quam aliis anni temporibus in rubrica introductos, praeterquam in honorem Dei ac Sanctorum ex praecepto S. R. E. indictos, cum mercantilium et aliarum quarumcumque causarum expeditioni opus fore aut expedire iudicaveris, moderari, restringere iisque ad tui libitum derogare debeas....
11. Leopardi, p. 201.
12. Leopardi, p. 201-202: debeant nomine publico reddi et restitui Ecclesiam Cathedralem jam translatam in Ecclesiam Lauretanam, cum omnibus suis introitibus, et cum Gabellis in Civitate Laureti, et Territorium, indebite et injuste, et absque aliqua culpa, defectu, sive demeritis nostrae Civitatis ablatas per Sixtum Papam V.
13. Leopardi, p. 202, with note 1.
14. Leopardi, p. 203.
15. Lateran Pact, Article 27: The basilicas of the Holy House in Loreto, of San Francesco in Assisi and of Sant'Antonio in Padua with the buildings and annexed works, except those of a merely secular nature, will be sold to the Holy See and their administration will be freely assigned to the Holy See. The other bodies of any kind managed by the Holy See in Italy as well as the colleges of missions will also be free from any interference by the State and by conversion. However, Italian laws concerning the purchases of moral bodies remain applicable.
16. Pius XI, "Lauretanae Basilicae", Acta Apostolicae Sedis 26 (Citta del Vaticano 1934), pp. 578-579: Quapropter, suppleto, quatenus opus sit, consensu interesse habentium vel habere praesumentium, Apostolicae potestatis plenitudine, episcopalem cathedram in Basilica Lauretana exsistentem supprimimus; atque eamdem Basilicam aedesque continentes, ab Ordinarii Recinetensis et Lauretani iurisdictione in omnibus exemptas, Nostrae Ipsius iurisdictioni directo subiicimus....
17. "Lauretanae Basilicae": Suppressa autem cathedra Lauretana, et ipsam Lauretanam dioecesim, quae hucusque cathedrali Ecclesiae Recinetensi aeque principaliter unita'exstitit, eidem dioecesi pleno iure in perpetuum incorporamus, eius titulo tantum servato; propterea Episcopus Recinetensis pro tempore exsistens Episcopi Recinetensis-Lauretani titulo fruetur.
18. Sacra Congregatio Consistorialis, "Pontificiae Administrationis Lauretanae decretum", Acta Apostolicae Sedis 26 (Citta del Vaticano 1934), pp. 71-73: benigne statuit ut iurisdictio Administratoris Pontificii Basilicae Lauretanae ad territorium Lauretanae civitatis eiusque districtus, iuxta praesentes fines civiles, quod ad dioecesim Recinetensem-Lauretanam pertinet, exstendatur, totaliter suspensa proinde, durante Administratione Pontificia, super eodem territorio, iurisdictione Ordinarii Recinetensis-Lauretani.
19. Congregation of Bishops, Decree Instantibus votis, Acta Apostolicae Sedis 79 (Citta del Vaticano 1987), pp. 729–732. (in Latin) The changes were made necessary by a legal agreement between the Holy See and the Italian State: Quod autem effecit ut haec studia adhuc magis urgerent atque opportuna evaderent, vis legis fuit die 3 iunii 1985 normis tributa, quae recentioribus Pactis initis inter Sanctam Sedem et Gubernium Italicum continentur ; quibus quidem normis statuitur hinc « Circumscriptionem dioecesium (...) ab auctoritate ecclesiastica libere constitui » (art. 3/1 Pactorum diei 18 februarii 1984); illinc vero dioeceses iure canonico constitutas adipisci posse, iuridicam personalitatem in iure civili italico (cf. art. 29 Normarum quae approbatae sunt per Protocollum diei 15 novembris 1984).
20. Titular See of Recanati
21. Ughelli, I, p. 1217. Leopardi, p. 35-36.
22. Leopardi, pp. 36-37.
23. Vogel, p. 266.
24. Leopardi, p. 38, 40.
25. Leopardi, p. 37, 39-40.
26. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 330, note 1.
27. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 354, note 1.
28. Vogel, p. 215.
29. Benedictus XIV (1842). "Lib. I. caput secundum. De Synodi Dioecesanae utilitate". Benedicti XIV ... De Synodo dioecesana libri tredecim (in Latin). Vol. Tomus primus. Mechlin: Hanicq. pp. 42–49. John Paul II, Constitutio Apostolica de Synodis Dioecesanis Agendis (March 19, 1997): Acta Apostolicae Sedis 89 (1997), pp. 706-727.
30. Leopardi, pp. 204-206. Vogel, pp. 366-367.
31. Vogel, pp. 373-375.
32. Vogel, p. 379.
33. Vogel, p. 384.
34. Vogel, p. 424.
35. Raniero had previously been Bishop of Osimo (8 September 1240). He was appointed by Pope Gregory IX on 17 January 1241. Osimo was punished for its support of Frederick II by the loss of its bishopric. The date of the termination of his tenure is unknown; the bull of appointment of his successor remarks that the diocese had been widowed for some time. This was due, no doubt, to the vacancy of the papal throne from 22 August 1241 to 25 June 1243. Leopardi, p. 107. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, pp. 120 with note 1; 410.
36. Petrus was a Canon of the Vatican Basilica and enjoyed the title Magister. He was appointed by Pope Innocent IV on 9 December 1244. The length of his tenure is unknown. Élie Berger, Les Registres d' Innocent IV Tome I (Paris: Ernest Thorin 1884), p. 129-130, no. 753. Eubel, I, p. 120.
37. Vogel, pp. 89-91.
38. Buonajuncta is first attested as Bishop of Recanati in 1256. On 2 September 1256 the monks of S. Niccolò were made subject to the bishop's jurisdiction. On 15 October 1263, Bishop Buonagiunta was transferred by Pope Urban IV to the diocese of Jesi. Leopardi, p. 108. Eubel, I, pp. 75, 120.
39. The people of Recanati gave their support to Manfred as King of Sicily, and therefore Pope Urban IV, by a bull of 27 July 1263, deprived them of their diocesan status and made them subject to the bishop of Umana. Leopardi, p. 108.
40. On 12 December 1289, Pope Nicholas IV restored the diocese of Recanati by the Bull Quoniam humana, and appointed the Dominican Salvus as bishop. In 1290–1291 he was Vicar General of the city of Rome. He died on 25 September 1300. Ughelli, pp. 1219-1220, quoting the bull of reerection. Leopardi, pp. 110-111. Eubel, p. 120.
41. Fridericus had been a Canon of the cathedral Chapter of Recanati. He was elected by the Chapter and approved by Pope Boniface VIII on 13 November 1301. From 20 November 1320 he was Bishop of Macerata. Federico was transferred to the diocese of Senigallia on 6 June 1323 by Pope John XXII. Leopardi, pp. 112-116. Eubel, I, pp. 120, 447.
42. Leopardi, p. 116. The new diocese of Macerata was created, and Bishop Fridericus became its first bishop in 1320.
43. Nicolò (Nicola) da San Martino had been Vicar General of his Order, and had already been Bishop of Macerata since 1348; he therefore governed the territory which had once been the diocese of Recanati. On 22 April 1357, the Papal Legate of the Marches, Cardinal Egidio (Gil) Álvarez de Albornoz, acting on authority granted him by Pope Innocent VI restored the diocese of Recanati, making Nicolò da San Martino Bishop of Macerata e Recanati. He died in January 1369. Leopardi, pp. 123-126. Eubel, I, p. 10.
44. Oliviero was a native of Verona, and Dean of Negroponte and a papal chaplain. While Bishop Nicolò was still alive, Pope Urban V reserved to himself the right to appoint the next bishop. When Oliviero was elected by the Chapter, Urban immediately quashed the election, but on 19 February 1369, Urban exercised his option and appointed Oliviero Bishop of Macerata e Recanati. He renounced the bishopric in 1374, and was transferred to the diocese of Ceneda on 29 April 1374 by Pope Gregory XI. He died in 1377. Leopardi, pp. 126-128. Gaetano Moroni, ed. (1846). Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica (in Italian). Vol. XLI: Mac-Mag. Venezia: dalla Tipografia Emiliana. p. 82. Eubel, I, pp. 180, 447.
45. Leopardi, pp. 128-129.
46. Nicolas had been Prior General of the Augustinian Hermits. He was appointed Bishop of Recanate e Macerata by John XXIII, but was never able to take possession of the diocese. He was opposed by Cardinal Angelo Correr, the former Pope Gregory XII, who had been made Legate of the Marches by the Council of Constance, until his death in 1415. He was then obstructed by Marino de Tocco, Bishop of Teramo, who had been made Administrator of Recanate by Gregory XII. Leopardi, pp. 135-145. Eubel, I, p. 411, with note 7.
47. A native of Chieti, Marinus de Tocco had been an Auditor of the Roman Rota. He was appointed Bishop of Teramo by Pope Gregory XII on 14 February 1407. Marinus attended the Council of Constance as an Auditor. He was transferred to the diocese of Recanati e Macerata by Pope Martin V on 6 July 1418. He was transferred to the diocese of Chieti on 7 January 1429. He died in 1438. Leopardi, pp. 145-150. Eubel, I, pp. 95, 411, 481.
48. Benedetto had previously been Bishop of Teramo (1427-1429). He was appointed Bishop of Recanati e Macerata on 7 January 1429. He took possession by proxy, appointing his brother (or nephew) Francesco Guidalotti, Provost of Compostela. He died on 9 August 1429, and was taken for burial in his native Perugia. Leopardi, pp. 150-151. Eubel, I, pp. 95, 411.
49. Vitelleschi was appointed titular Patriarch of Alexandria. Eubel, II, p. 220 with note 1.
50. Tomasini was a native of Venice. He was Bishop of Emona (Istria) from 1409, and participated in the Council of Constance. He was then Bishop of Pola (Istria) from 1420 to 1423, then Bishop of Urbino (1423–1424). He had been Bishop of Trau in Dalmatia (1424–1435), and was named Governor of Forlì by Pope Eugene IV in 1431. He was one of the presidents of the Council of Basel in 1433. He was transferred to Recanati on 24 October 1435, and then to the diocese of Belluno e Feltri on 10 October 1440 He died on 24 March 1446. Vogel, pp. 186-196. Eubel, I, pp. 74, 404, 411, 490, 509; II, pp. 103, 220.
51. Leopardi, pp. 158-172. Vogel, pp. 197-226. Cappelletti, VII, pp. 228-230, according to whom Leopardi (pp. 171-172) and Vogel (p. 220) misread the date on Bishop Nicolaus' Last Will and Testament by a decade (1469 for 1459).
52. Bishop Petrus died on 7 October 1469. Eubel, II, p. 220. Leopardi says he died in 1475, according to Cappelletti, p. 230-231.
53. The Venetian Morosini was Bishop of Parenzo (1464–1471) He was appointed Administrator of Recanati e Macerata on 2 February 1470. A successor bishop was appointed on 4 September 1471. Morosini died on 3 October 1471, and was buried in the cathedral of Recanati (Vogel, p. 229). Leopardi, pp. 172-174. Vogel, pp. 226-229. Eubel, II, pp. 212, 220.
54. Andreas de Pilis da Fano the son of a lawyer of Fano, Ugolino, a friend of Pandolfo Malatesta, who had been Podestà of Milan. Andrea held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure from Perugia, and was a cleric of the chamber. In 1453 he became Abbot commendatory of Santa Croce de Sassoferrato. In 1458 he was Treasurer of Perugia and the Duchy of Spoleto. Under Pope Paul II. he was governor of the Castel S. Angelo. He was appointed bishop on 5 September 1471, but he was not residentiary. In 1472, he was named Prefect of the Treasury of Picenum, and in 1473 governor of Cesena and then of Picenum. He died at Foligno at the beginning of October 1476. Vogel, pp. 230-234.
55. Della Rovere: Eubel, II, p. 220; III, p. 281 note 2.
56. Teseo de Cupis: Leopardi, p. 182. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 281 with note 3.
57. Tasso: Leopardi, pp. 180-182. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 281.
58. Giovanni de Cupis was the nephew of Bishop Teseo de Cupis. Leopardi, pp. 183-185. Cappelletti, p. 232. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 231 with notes 4l and 5.
59. Paolo de Cupis: Leopardi, pp. 185-186. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 281.
60. Giovanni de Cupis: Leopardi, pp. 186-187. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 281 with note 6.
61. Roccabella: Leopardi, pp. 187-188. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 281 with note 7.
62. Melchiori: Leopardi, pp. 188-189. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 281 with note 8.
63. Moroni was a native of Milan, and held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure. He was appointed Bishop of Macerata e Recanati on 10 June 1573. When the diocese of Recanati was suppressed on 17 March 1586, he was released from all obligations to Recanati and continued as Bishop of Macerata, to which was added the new diocese of Tolentino. When Recanati was restored in 1592, he did not recover any rights over it. He died in Macerata on 1 September 1613. Leopardi, pp. 189-190, 197-198. Eubel, III, p. 231 with note 11.
64. A Roman and a Canon of S. Maria in Via Lata, Benzoni had been appointed Bishop of Loreto on 17 December 1586. On 9 February he was appointed bishop of the newly restored Diocese of Recanati as well, holding the two posts aeque personaliter. He held a diocesan synod in Recanati on 24 November 1592. He died of congestive heart failure (idropsia) on 31 January 1613. Leopardi, pp. 204-206.
65. Galamini was Master General of the Dominican Order from 1608 to 1612. He named a cardinal by Pope Paul V on 17 August 1611. He was appointed Bishop of Recanati e Loreto on 11 February 1613. He was transferred to the diocese of Osimo on 29 April 1620. He died in Osimo on 6 September 1639. Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, pp. 104 with note 2; 293 with note 2.
66. A native of Milan, Roma had been a Referendary of the Tribunal of the Two Signatures, and was governor of the city of Perugia and the province of Umbria. He was named a cardinal by Pope Urban VIII on 11 January 1611, and on 17 March 1621 he was appointed Bishop of Recanati e Loreto. Roma was transferred to the diocese of Tivoli on 21 August 1634 by Pope Urban VIII. He died in Rome on 16 September 1652. Gauchat, pp. 14, no. 56; 293 with note 3; 337 with note 7.
67. Born in Macerata in 1598, Panici had been Provost of the church of S. Salvator in Macerata, and then Bishop of Sarsina (1632–1634). He was transferred to the diocese of Recanati on 4 December 1634. He served as Commissary General of the army of Urban VIII in his war against the Italian princes. Leopardi, pp. 208-209. Vogel, pp. 390-391 (who places his death on 16 October 1661). Gauchat, p. 293 with note 4 (who places his death c. 1663).
68. Leopardi, p. 209.
69. Cordella was appointed on 15 December 1666. Gauchat p. 293.
70. Crescenzi: Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 230.
71. Guarnieri: Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 230.
72. Guarnieri was appointed Archbishop of Ravenna in 1692. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 230.
73. Gherardi: Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 230.
74. Bussi: Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 230.
75. Muscettola: Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 230.
76. Campagnoli: Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 354 with note 2.
77. Bacchetoni: Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 354 with note 3.
78. Vecchioni: Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 354 with note 4.
79. In 1796 the Papal States were invaded by French armies led by N. Bonaparte. On 20 February 1798 Pope Pius VI was expelled from Rome and given refuge in the Certosa of Florence. A French army entered Florence on 25 March 1799, and the Pope was arrested and deported to France. He died a prisoner in the castle of Valence on 29 August 1799.
80. Spinucci was Bishop of Macerata e Tolentino. He was appointed Administrator of the diocese of Recanati on 21 June 1787. He was transferred to the diocese of Benevento on 27 June 1796. He was named a cardinal by Pope Pius VII on 8 March 1816. He died on 21 December 1823. Leopardi, p. 216. Ritzler-Sefrin, VI, pp. 121, with note 8; 354 note 4.
81. Msgr. Mazzagali was Provost of the cathedral Chapter. Leopardi, p. 217.
82. Paoli had previously been Bishop of Fossombrone (1779–1800). He was named Bishop of Recanati e Loreto on 12 May 1800. He died on 28 September 1806. Vogel, pp. 431-439. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 219; VII, p. 319.
83. Bellini was born in Osimo in 1740. He was named Bishop of Fossombrone by Pope Pius VII in August 1800. He was transferred to the diocese of Recanati by Pius VII on 21 March 1807. Vogel, pp. 442-443.
84. Baroncelli was appointed Bishop of Recanati-Loreto on 12 August 1955. Acta Apostolicae Sedis 47 (1955), p. 610: Cathedrali Ecclesiae Recinetensi-Lauretanae Exc. P. D. Aemilium Baroncelli, hactenus Episcopum Verulanum.
85. On 11 February Carboni was appointed Bishop of Macerata–Tolentino–Recanati–Cingoli–Treia by Pope Paul VI. Acta Apostolicae Sedis 68 (1976), p. 227: die 11 Februarii. — Cathedralibus Ecclesiis Maceratensi et Tolentinae, Recinetensi, Cingulanae, Treiensi Rev.mum P. D. Tarcisium Carboni, e clero firmano.
86. Congregation of Bishops, Decree Quo aptius, Acta Apostolicae Sedis 77 (1985), pp. 997-998: cathedrales Ecclesias Maceratensem, Tolentinam, Recinetensem, Cingulanam, Triengem aeque principaliter inter se unit, ita ut unus idemque Antistes dioecesibus illis praesit et Episcopus Maceratensis, Tolentinus, Recinetensis, Cingulanus, Triensis simul censeatur ac sit.

Bibliography

Reference works for bishops

• Gams, Pius Bonifatius (1873). Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae: quotquot innotuerunt a beato Petro apostolo (in Latin). Ratisbon: Typis et Sumptibus Georgii Josephi Manz. pp. 703, 719.
• Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1913). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. Tomus 1 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana. (in Latin)
• Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1914). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. Tomus 2 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
• Eubel, Conradus; Gulik, Guilelmus (1923). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. Tomus 3 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
• Gauchat, Patritius (Patrice) (1935). Hierarchia catholica. Vol. Tomus IV (1592-1667). Münster: Libraria Regensbergiana.
• Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1952). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi. Vol. Tomus V (1667-1730). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio.
• Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1958). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi. Vol. Tomus VI (1730-1799). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio.
• Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1968). Hierarchia Catholica medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. VII (1800–1846). Monasterii: Libreria Regensburgiana.
• Remigius Ritzler; Pirminus Sefrin (1978). Hierarchia catholica Medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. VIII (1846–1903). Il Messaggero di S. Antonio.
• Pięta, Zenon (2002). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. IX (1903–1922). Padua: Messagero di San Antonio. ISBN 978-88-250-1000-8.

Studies

• Cappelletti, Giuseppe (1848). Le chiese d'Italia della loro origine sino ai nostri giorni (in Italian). Vol. settimo. Venezia: G. Antonelli. pp. 195–238.
• Leopardi, Monaldo (1828). Serie dei vescovi di Recanati (in Italian). Recanati: Presso Giuseppe Morici. p. 1.
• Ughelli, Ferdinando; Coleti, Niccolò (1717). Italia sacra, sive De Episcopis Italiae (in Latin). Vol. Tomus primus (secunda ed.). Venice: apud Sebastianum Coleti. pp. 1217–1225.
• Vogel, Josephus Antonius (1859). De Ecclesiis Recanatensi et Lauretana Earumque Episcopis (in Latin). Recanati: Leonardo Badaloni.

External links

• Gabriel Chow, GCatholic.org; retrieved 6 February 2019. ^{[self-published source]}