Peter Nordin

For the Swedish musician Peter Nordin, see Meshuggah.

Peter Nordin
Born	(1965-08-09)August 9, 1965 Helsingborg, Sweden
Died	October 12, 2020(2020-10-12) (aged 55)
Nationality	Swedish
Alma mater	University of Dortmund Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg University
Scientific career
Fields	Evolutionary robotics Artificial intelligence Text Mining Complex Systems
Institutions	iRobis

Peter Nordin (August 9, 1965 – October 12, 2020)^[1] was a Swedish computer scientist, entrepreneur and author who has contributed to artificial intelligence, automatic programming, machine learning, and evolutionary robotics.

Studies and early career

Peter Nordin was born in 1965 in Helsingborg but moved to Gothenburg in 1967, where he was raised. He began studies at Chalmers University of Technology in 1984 and completed the M.S. in computer science and engineering in 1988 and studied economics. He then worked as a knowledge engineer for artificial intelligence (AI) company, Infologics AB, focusing on research and development of knowledge-based systems and complex system configuration.^[2]

Nordin began his research while at Infologics AB, Sweden. His work led to several European research projects (ESPRIT)^[3] including projects in machine learning (autonomous vehicles) and methodologies for AI system development.^[4] He began his research in Genetic Programming (GP) in 1992.^[5] In 1993, he started Dacapo AB,^[6] a research and development company.^[7] He invented a method for automatic induction of binary machine code using genetic programming^[8] and researched how to produce machine code with genetic programming. In 1997 he co-founded the American company RML Technologies, Inc. with commercial GP software.^[9] Nordin spent a large portion of 1995 and 1996 at the University of Dortmund, where he completed his doctoral studies.^[10] At Dortmund University he initiated research in evolutionary robotics.^[11] and demonstrated that GP can be used for real-time, on-line training and control^{[citation needed]} of robotic systems.^[12]

In 1998, he co-authored a textbook on genetic programming.^[13] Peter Nordin created a search engine company in 1999, VILL AB^[14] (with global search engine wannasee.com) as well as another AI-company, Tific AB^[15][16] for automated support, and received the year’s Sten Gustafsson prize for entrepreneuring, awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences.^[17] At the time, he was also the co-founder of Chalmer's Medialab^[18] and was on the board of the Swedish AI Society.^[19] He was Chair of the second European Conference on Genetic Programming, EuroGP 1999, now part of EvoStar.

Robots and commercialization of AI

During 1998–2003, he was an associate professor at Chalmers’ Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS).^{[dead link‍][20]} For a short period he led an international master's degree program in CAS, which he co-founded.^{[dead link‍][21]} He led the master’s program and supervised construction of GP-based adaptive physical robots.^{[dead link‍][22]} During this time, he also started Chalmers’ Humanoid Project^[23] resulted in Sweden’s first full-scale humanoid robots; Elvis, Elvina, and Priscilla, which currently reside in Sweden’s National Museum of Science and Technology.^[24] Robots from the Humanoid Project participated in “RoboCup” soccer matches for humanoid robots^[25][26] He also founded the first European company for humanoid technology: the Estonian company European Humanoids OY.^[27] Several of Nordin's students have created their own humanoid projects, such as Davide Faconti and the REEM-B robot^[28] and Almir Heralic with HR2.^[29] Much of this earlier work focused on evolutionary robotic training methods for: problem solving, sound and image processing, perception and advanced non-linear low-level control. Robots have also learned to walk on two legs without having foreknowledge by simulating the behaviour.^[30] The robot Elvis,^[31] attracted some media interest internationally.^[32] The world's first flying "flapping" adaptive ornithopter robot^[33] appeared in TV and other media. The popular science book; “Humanoider: Självlärande robotar och artificiell intelligens”,^[34] was one result of this public interest.^[35]

During his time at Chalmers, he started another 10 spin-off companies based on his research.^{[dead link‍][36]} He had a number of patents,^[37] all related to genetic programming and evolutionary methods. He was a co-founder of the Institute of Robotics in Scandinavia.^{[dead link‍][38]} From 2013 Peter Nordin was an adjoint professor at Chalmers in Göteborg, Sweden.

Nordin was seen in the public debate on treatment of gifted children and is an advisor for the Mensa International Process, both he and his wife were active members of Mensa International.

He lived with wife Carina and 6 children outside Gothenburg in Askim.^[39]

Career summary, research

Peter Nordin had a PhD in Computer Science at University of Dortmund (1997) and a degree in computer science and engineering from Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden (1988). His later research included commercial evolutionary robotics software^[40] and software for a complete cognitive system for robots.^[41] His earlier research included Evolutionary software architecture for robotics,^[42] the invention of evolutionary induction of mathematical proofs^[43] and of binary machine language,^[44] speech and vision recognition,^[45] and linear genetic programming for internet search.^[46] He researched analysis of genetic programming through complexity theory.^[47]

Peter Nordin was the inventor of the ALLAN-method^[48] for Artificial General Intelligence based on complexity measures i.e. Speed Prior using random strings as reinforcement to create a Universal Artificial Intelligence.

Notes

1. "Peter Nordin". Minnessidor (in Swedish). Fonus. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
2. Ohsuga, Setsuo; Kangassalo, Hannu (1992). Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases III. IOS Press. ISBN 9789051990737.
3. "IEEE.org" (PDF). IEEE. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
4. Lri.fr Archived November 27, 2006, at the Wayback Machine (in French)
5. Flickr.com, Google.se (in Swedish)
6. Short profile of Peter from Hindawi Publishing Corporation Archived September 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
7. "Genetic-programming.org". Genetic-programming.org. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
8. "Evolutionary Program Induction of Binary Machine Code and its Applications".
9. "Home". rmltech.com. Archived from the original on October 15, 2008. Retrieved August 8, 2022.
10. "Delft University of Technology". Ph.tn.tudelft.nl. Archived from the original on March 28, 2008. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
11. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Google.se (in Swedish), Lri.fr Archived January 26, 2009, at the Wayback Machine (in French)
12. "Evolving real-time behavioral modules for a robot with GP (1996)". 1996: 675–680. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.53.5871. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
13. Genetic Programming: An Introduction, Wolfgang Banzhaf, Peter Nordin, Robert E. Keller, and Frank D. Frandone, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc. (1998). Bokrecension.se (in Swedish)
14. Archive.org, Archive.org, Nyteknik.se Archived June 8, 2011, at the Wayback Machine (in Swedish), Archive.org, Internetbrus.com Archived December 1, 2008, at the Wayback Machine (in Swedish)
15. "TiFiC - Digital support". www.tific.com. Archived from the original on February 1, 2001. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
16. http://8SAIS/www.tific.com^{[permanent dead link‍]}
17. "IVA".
18. "Archive.org". November 22, 2001. Archived from the original on November 22, 2001. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
19. "SAIS.se" (PDF). Retrieved December 16, 2011.
20. Göteborgs universitet Archived July 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine (in Swedish), Archive.org
21. "Chalmers.se". Fy.chalmers.se. Archived from the original on October 15, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
22. Chalmers.se Archived August 12, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Chalmers.se, Facebook.com
23. "Kreaprenör".
24. Tekniska museet Archived November 19, 2008, at the Wayback Machine (in Swedish)
25. BBC – Robots train for World Cup(RoboCup) in Japan in 2002. Archived February 6, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Nyteknik.se(RoboCup) in Japan in 2002. (in Swedish)
26. Robocup.org Archived August 20, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Lri.fr Archived February 8, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
27. Europeanhumanoids.com Archived February 1, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
28. Lombardi, Candace (June 13, 2008). "CNET.com". News.cnet.com. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
29. Chalmers.se Archived June 7, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
30. An Evolutionary Architecture for a Humanoid Robot Archived June 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
31. Duncan Graham-Rowe. "Elvis lives". New Scientist.
32. "Elvis Hand-Eye Coordination".
33. "Newscientist.com". Newscientist.com. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
34. Peter Nordin, Johanna Wilde (2003). Humanoider: Självlärande robotar och artificiell intelligens ("Humanoids: Autodidactic robots and artificial intelligence"). Liber AB. ISBN 978-91-47-05191-5.
35. SVD.se (in Swedish)
36. "Chalmers.se" (PDF). Retrieved December 16, 2011.
37. "FPO IP Research & Communities".
38. "背中の毛". Archived from the original on May 23, 2007. Retrieved June 12, 2007.
39. DN.se Naturvetarefobundet.se Archived September 16, 2008, at the Wayback Machine (in Swedish)
40. "TAIS". Fmv.se. Archived from the original on February 16, 2006. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
41. RoboBusiness: Robots that Dream of Being Better Archived June 19, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Archibe.org, Università degli Studi di Parma (in Italian), Archive.org
42. "Chalmers.se". Fy.chalmers.se. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
43. Institut de l’Information Scientifique et Technique (in French)
44. "Archive.org". December 15, 2001. Archived from the original on December 15, 2001. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
45. "Universität Trier". Informatik.uni-trier.de. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
46. Nationalencyklopedin^{[permanent dead link‍]} (in Swedish), Google.se (in Swedish), Springerlink.com
47. "Pennsylvania State University". 1995: 310–317. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.57.2133. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
48. "WIPO.int". WIPO.int. Retrieved December 16, 2011.

External links

• RoboBusiness: Robots that Dream of Being Better
• Sweden: The Land of Robots
• Institute of Robotics in Scandinavia AB (iRobis)
• The Humanoid Project
• HR-2