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Paulo Vanzolini
Paulo Vanzolini
	Vanzolini in 2011.
Background information
Birth name	Paulo Emilio Vanzolini
Born	April 25, 1924
Origin	São Paulo, Brazil
Died	April 28, 2013 (aged 89)
Genres	samba
Occupation(s)	Singer, songwriter, zoologist
Instrument	Voice
Years active	1942–2013
Website	http://www.paulovanzolini.com.br

Paulo Emilio Vanzolini (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpawlu eˈmiliu vɐ̃zoˈlini]; April 25, 1924 – April 28, 2013) was a Brazilian scientist and music composer.^[1] He was best known for his samba compositions, including the famous "Ronda", "Volta por Cima", and "Boca da Noite", and for his scientific works in herpetology. He is considered one of the greatest samba composers from São Paulo. Until his death, he still conducted research at the University of São Paulo (USP).^[2]

Personal life and academic career

Paulo Vanzolini was born in São Paulo. When he was four years old, his family moved to Rio de Janeiro where he lived for two years. In 1930, he came back to São Paulo where he studied all his life. In 1942, Vanzolini started studying medicine. At this period, he used to go out with friends whole nights and during these nights he composed his first songs.

In 1944, he worked at Rádio América, with his cousin. However, when Vanzolini was drafted into the army, he had to stop his work and studies. Two years later, he restarted the medicine course and became a school teacher and a researcher for the Museu de Zoologia, of the University of São Paulo. In 1947, he graduated in medicine. One year later, he married, and went to the USA where he received his PhD in zoology at Harvard University.

Between 1963 and 1993, Vanzolini served as director of the Museu de Zoologia, becoming a famous zoologist. He was responsible for assembling one of the largest collections of reptiles and a large library about these kinds of animals. Although retired since 1993, the zoologist and musician still had a research affiliation with the Museu de Zoologia of the University of São Paulo until his death.

Music career

Paulo Vanzolini composed his first sambas during the years he studied medicine. However, his greatest hits were composed in the 1950s. In 1951, after obtaining his PhD and returning to Brazil, he composed "Ronda", and in 1959 he composed "Volta por cima". These songs were recorded by many Brazilian artists.

For years, despite the success of his songs, Vanzolini never recorded an album. Only in 1967, his friends Luís Carlos Paraná and Marcus Pereira, produced an album containing Vanzolini's songs. It was named Onze sambas e uma capoeira and it counts on the participation of famous artists, like Toquinho and Chico Buarque.

In 1969, he composed with Toquinho. The results of this partnership were released in that same year in the album Boca da Noite, by Toquinho. It is worth noting that Toquinho was Vanzolini's only partner during his career as a musician and composer.

In 1981, Vanzolini recorded Por ele mesmo. This is the one and only LP played by himself. Excluding this album, the only way to listen to him singing was at Boate Jogral where he used to play.

In 2003, Vanzolini was honored with the release of the album Acerto de contas. It is a collection of his songs played by the most famous artists of Brazil.

Distinctions

Vanzolini received many honors and distinctions^[3] among them

APCA Premium (São Paulo Association of Art Critics Premium), in recognition of his musical work
Member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences
Guggenheim Foundation Fellow (1949), New York City, for his contribution to science
Honorary Foreign Member of the American Association of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (1973)
Great Cross of the National Scientific Merit Order, Brazil (1994)
Merit Honor Diploma from the Brazilian Society of Zoology (2000)
Rio Branco Order (2002)
Commendan of the Ipiranga Order (2003)
Rocha Lima Medal of the Biological Institute of São Paulo (2004)
Emeritus Researcher of the National Council of Scientific Development (CNPq, 2007)
Anchieta Medal (2009)
Conrado Wessel Prize in the category "Culture" (2011)

Taxa named in his honor

Several described species were named after Professor Vanzolini, such as:

Alpaida vanzolinii Levi, 1988^[4] (Arachnida, Araneidae)
Alsodes vanzolinii (Donoso-Barros, 1974) (Amphibia, Cycloramphidae)
Amphisbaena vanzolinii Gans, 1963^[5] (Reptilia, Amphisbaenidae)
Anolis vanzolinii (E.E. Williams, Orcés, Matheus, Bleiweiss, 1996)^[6] (Reptilia, Dactyloidae)
Anotosaura vanzolinia Dixon, 1974^[7] (Reptilia, Gymnophthalmidae)
Cnemidophorus vanzoi Baskin & E.E. Williams, 1966 (Reptilia, Teiidae)
Cochranella vanzolinii Taylor & Cochran, 1953 (Amphibia, Centrolenidae)
Dendrobates vanzolinii Myers, 1982 (Amphibia, Dendrobatidae)
Exallostreptus vanzolinii Hoffman, 1988 (Diplopoda, Spirostreptidae)
Gymnodactylus vanzolinii Cassimiro & Rodrigues, 2009^[8] (Reptilia, Phyllodactylidae)
Gymnophthalmus vanzoi Carvalho, 1999^[7] (Reptilia, Gymnophthalmidae)
Hylodes vanzolinii Heyer, 1982^[9] (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae)
Kentropyx vanzoi Gallagher & Dixon, 1980^[7] (Reptilia, Teiidae)

Leporinus vanzoi Britski & Garavello, 2005^[10] (Actinopterygii, Anostomidae)

Lygophis vanzolinii Dixon, 1985^[11] (Reptilia, Colubridae)
Nausigaster vanzolinii Andretta & Carrera, 1952 (Insecta, Syrphidae)
Phrynomedusa vanzolinii Cruz, 1991^[12] (Amphibia, Hylidae)
Pithecia vanzolinii Hershkovitz, 1987^[13] (Mammalia, Primates, Cebidae)
Psittoecus vanzolinii Guimarães, 1974 (Insecta, Philopteridae)
Saimiri vanzolinii Ayres, 1985^[14] (Mammalia, Primates, Cebidae)
Vanzosaura Rodrigues, 1991^[15] (Reptilia, Gymnophthalmidae)

Discography

1967: Onze sambas e uma capoeira (recorded by various artists)
1974: A música de Paulo Vanzolini
1981: Por ele mesmo
2003: Acerto de contas

References

^ "Morre o compositor Paulo Vanzolini". April 29, 2013.
^ Allmusic biography
^ Caramaschi, Ulisses (2013). "Obituary: Paulo Emílio Vanzolini (1924–2013)". Phyllomedusa 12 (2): 83–88.
^ Levi HW (1988). "The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae)". Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 151: 365–487.
^ Gans C (1963). "Notes on amphisbaenids (Amphisbaenia, Reptilia). 8. A redescription of Amphisbaena stejnegeri and the description of a new species of Amphisbaena from British Guiana". American Museum Novitates 2128: 1–18.
^ Williams EE, Orcés G, Matheus JC, Bleiweiss R (1996). "A new giant phenacosaur from Ecuador". Breviora 505: 1–32.
^ ^a ^b ^c Beolens B, Watkins M, Grayson M (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. iii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. ("Vanzo" & "Vanzolini", p. 273).
^ Cassimiro J, Rodrigues MT (2009). "A new species of lizard genus Gymnodactylus Spix, 1825 (Squamata: Gekkota: Phyllodactylidae) from Serra do Sincorá, northeastern Brazil, and the status of G. carvalhoi Vanzolini, 2005". Zootaxa 2008: 38–52.
^ Heyer WR (1982). "Two new species of the frog genus Hylodes from Caparaó, Minas Gerais, Brasil (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae)". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 95: 377–385.
^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (September 22, 2018). "Order CHARACIFORMES: Families TARUMANIIDAE, ERYTHRINIDAE, PARODONTIDAE, CYNODONTIDAE, SERRASALMIDAE, HEMIODONTIDAE, ANOSTOMIDAE and CHILODONTIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved March 26, 2022.
^ Dixon JR (1985). "A review of Liophis anomalus and Liophis elegantissimus, and the description of a new species (Serpentes: Colubridae)". Copeia 1985: 565–573.
^ Cruz CAG (1991). "Descrição de duas espécies novas de Phyllomedusinae do sudeste brasileiro (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae)". Revista Brasileira de Biologia 51: 271–275. (in Portuguese).
^ Hershkovitz P (1987). "The taxonomy of south American sakis, genus Pithecia (Cebidae, Platyrrhini): A preliminary report and critical review with the description of a new species and a new subspecies". American Journal of Primatology. 12 (4): 387–468. doi:10.1002/ajp.1350120402. PMID 31973491. S2CID 86775905.
^ Ayres JM (1985). "On a new species of squirrel monkey, genus Saimiri, from Brazilian Amazonia (Primates, Cebidae)". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 36: 147–164.
^ Rodrigues MT (1991). "Herpetofauna das dunas interiores do Rio São Francisco, Bahia, Brasil. III. Procellosaurinus: um novo gênero de microteiídeos sem pálpebra, com a redefinição do gênero Gymnophthalmus (Sauria, Teiidae)". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 37: 329–342. (in Portuguese).