PROCYON

PROCYON

Mission type	Asteroid flyby, technology demonstration
Operator	University of Tokyo / JAXA
COSPAR ID	2014-076D
SATCAT no.	40322
Website	PROCYON on University of Tokyo site
Spacecraft properties
Launch mass	Total: 67 kg (148 lb)
Dry mass	64.5 kg (142 lb)
Dimensions	0.55 × 0.55 × 0.67 m (1.8 × 1.8 × 2.2 ft)
Power	25
Start of mission
Launch date	3 December 2014, 04:22 UTC (2014-12-03UTC04:22Z)
Rocket	H-IIA 202
Launch site	LA-Y, Tanegashima Space Center
End of mission
Last contact	3 December 2015 (2015-12-04)
Flyby of Earth
Closest approach	3 December 2015
Flyby of (185851) 2000 DP107
Closest approach	Intended: 2016

PROCYON (Proximate Object Close flyby with Optical Navigation) was an asteroid flyby space probe that was launched together with Hayabusa2 on 3 December 2014 13:22:04 (JST). It was developed by University of Tokyo and JAXA. It was a small (70 kg, approx. 60 cm cube), low cost (¥500 million) spacecraft.^[1]

It was intended to flyby the asteroid (185851) 2000 DP107 in 2016,^[2] but the plan was abandoned due to the malfunction of the ion thruster.^[1]

Mission overview

PROCYON was launched as secondary payload together with the Hayabusa2 asteroid landing probe. After separation from the carrier rocket, PROCYON was left on a heliocentric orbit. On 22 February 2015, the ion engine was started, with the intention of adjusting the orbit so that an Earth flyby in December 2015 would direct the probe towards asteroid 2000 DP₁₀₇.^[3] Initial results were favourable - the engine delivered 330 μN of thrust rather than the designed 250 μN - but the engine failed on 10 March and could not be restarted; PROCYON flew past Earth on 3 December 2015, but was unable to make a controlled orbit change. Shortly after the Earth flyby, contact with the spacecraft was lost.^[4]

The 70 kg spacecraft had a specific impulse of 1000 seconds, for a delta-v budget of about 500 m/s; the intention was to use 20% of the xenon propellant for the initial orbit correction, and the rest of the propellant between the Earth flyby and the asteroid flyby to ensure a controlled flyby distance of 30 km.^[5]

A novel subsystem tested by PROCYON involved feeding both the main ion engine and the eight attitude control cold-gas thrusters from the same tank (containing 2.5 kg of xenon at launch)

Instruments

• Small telescope for near-asteroid navigation and data acquisition.
• Lyman-alpha imaging camera to observe geocorona^[6]

Science results

PROCYON observed the Lyman-alpha emission of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko to determine its overall coma structure.^[7] PROCYON captured the first complete image of the geocorona, confirming for the first time that it has north-south symmetry.^[8]

See also

• 2014 in spaceflight

References

1. プロキオン:小惑星への接近観測断念. Mainichi Shimbun. 8 May 2015. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
2. 超小型探査機「PROCYON」 二重小惑星を目指して航行中 [Very Small Probe PROCYON Cruising Toward a Binary Asteroid]. Space Elevator News. 7 April 2015. Archived from the original on 16 March 2017. Retrieved 7 April 2015.
3. "Low-thrust trajectory design and operations of PROCYON, the first deep-space micro spacecraft" (PDF).
4. "On the situation of ultra small deep space explorer "PROCYON (Proquion)"". ISAS (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science). Retrieved 23 March 2018.
5. "50kg- class Deep Space Exploration Technology Demonstration Micro-spacecraft PROCYON". digitalcommons.edu.
6. PROCYON development team. 超小型深宇宙探査機 PROCYON（プロキオン） (PDF) (in Japanese). Retrieved 14 May 2015.
7. "Micro spacecraft investigates cometary water mystery". National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. 24 January 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
8. Kameda, S.; Ikezawa, S.; Sato, M.; Kuwabara, M.; Osada, N.; Murakami, G.; Yoshioka, K.; Yoshikawa, I.; Taguchi, M.; Funase, R.; Sugita, S.; Miyoshi, Y.; Fujimoto, M. (9 November 2017). "Ecliptic North-South Symmetry of Hydrogen Geocorona". Geophysical Research Letters. 44 (23): 11, 706–11, 712. Bibcode:2017GeoRL..4411706K. doi:10.1002/2017GL075915.

External links

• PROCYON on Facebook
• PROCYON website by Tokyo University (in Japanese)
• ISAS/JAXA PROCYON page
• PROCYON (PRoximate Object Close flYby with Optical Navigation) eoPortal