Order of Merit of the Italian Republic

"OMRI" redirects here. For other uses, see Omri (disambiguation).

Order of Merit of the
Italian Republic
Ordine al Merito della
Repubblica Italiana
Emblem of the order
Awarded by the Italian Republic
TypeOrder of merit
Established3 March 1951; 73 years ago (1951-03-03)
CountryItaly
EligibilityCivilian and military divisions
CriteriaMeritorious service or achievement
StatusCurrently constituted
FounderLuigi Einaudi
Grand MasterPresident of the Republic
Grades
  • Knight Grand Cross with Collar
  • Knight Grand Cross
  • Grand Officer
  • Commander
  • Officer
  • Knight
Post-nominalsOMRI
Websitewww.quirinale.it/page/omri Edit this at Wikidata
Precedence
Next (higher)None
Next (lower)Military Order of Italy

Ribbon of the order

Commander's badge with a ribbon bow

The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italian: Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana) is the most senior Italian order of merit. It was established in 1951 by the second President of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi.[1]

The highest-ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of literature, the arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers. The post-nominal letters for the order are OMRI.[2]

The order effectively replaced national orders such as the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362).[note 1]

Grades

Investiture takes place twice a year – on 2 June, the anniversary of the foundation of the Republic, and on 27 December, the anniversary of the promulgation of the Italian Constitution. However, those awards on Presidential motu proprio, related to termination of service or granted to foreigners, may be made at any time.

The badge, modified in 2001, bears the inscription Al Merito della Repubblica encircling the national coat of arms on the obverse and the Latin Patriæ Unitati (for the union of the country) and Civium Libertati (for the liberty of the citizens) encircling the head of Italia turrita on the reverse.[4] The six degrees with corresponding ribbons are as follows (with numbers to 2 June 2020):

Ribbon
(1951–2001)		 Ribbon
(since 2001)		 Class (English) Full title in Italian Awards
Knight Grand Cross with Collar Cavaliere di Gran Croce Decorato di Gran Cordone Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana 201
1st Class / Knight Grand Cross Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana 9,178
2nd Class / Grand Officer Grande Ufficiale Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana 24,830
3rd Class / Commander Commendatore Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana 48,184
4th Class / Officer Ufficiale Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana 33,442
5th Class / Knight Cavaliere Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana 146,390

The order is bestowed by decree of the President of the Italian Republic, as head of the orders of knighthood, on the recommendation of the President of the Council of Ministers. Except in exceptional circumstances, no one can be awarded for the first time a rank higher than Knight. The minimum age requirement is normally 35.

The Knight Grand Cross with Collar is awarded only to heads of state.

Recipients

Grand Cross with Collar

Date Recipient
28 December 1952  Greece – King Paul I (1947–1964)
11 March 1953  Brazil – President Getúlio Vargas (1930–1945; 1951–1954)
30 May 1953  Monaco – Prince Rainier III (1949–2005)
16 July 1953  Lebanon – President Camille Chamoun (1952–1958)
6 October 1953 Venezuela – President Marcos Pérez Jiménez (1953–1958)
16 November 1953  Argentina – President Juan Domingo Perón (1946–1955; 1973–1974)
31 December 1953  Germany – President Theodor Heuss (1949–1959)
13 February 1954  Haiti – President Paul Magloire (1950–1956)
31 July 1954  Dominican Republic – President Rafael Trujillo (1930–1938; 1942–1952)
6 September 1954  Chile – President Carlos Ibanez del Campo (1927–1931; 1952–1958)
17 November 1954 Sovereign Order of Malta – Lieutenant Grand Master Fra' Antonio Hercolani Fava Simonetti (1951–1955)
6 December 1954  France – President René Coty (1954–1959)
12 February 1955  El Salvador – President Óscar Osorio (1950–1956)
Date Recipient
11 May 1955  Italy – Former President Luigi Einaudi (1948–1955)
21 October 1955  Ethiopia – Emperor Haile Selassie (1930–1974)
16 January 1956  Brazil – President Juscelino Kubitschek (1956–1961)
5 June 1956  Italy – Former President Enrico De Nicola (1946–1948)
20 September 1956  Liberia – President William Tubman (1944–1971)
15 November 1956  Peru – President Manuel Prado Ugarteche (1939–1945; 1956–1962)
18 January 1957  Costa Rica – President José Figueres Ferrer (1948–1949; 1953–1958; 1970–1974)
6 March 1957 Sovereign Military Order of Malta Order of Malta – Lieutenant Grand Master Fra' Ernesto Paternò Castello di Carcaci (1955–1962)
11 March 1957  Ireland — President Seán T. O'Kelly (1945–1959)
13 May 1957  Turkey – President Celal Bayar (1950–1960)
11 June 1957  Panama – President Ernesto de la Guardia (1956–1960)
26 August 1957  Iran – Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1941–1979)
1 October 1957  El Salvador – President José María Lemus (1956–1960)
9 May 1958  United Kingdom – Queen Elizabeth II (1952–2022)
16 June 1959  France – President Charles De Gaulle (1959–1969)
11 June 1960  Argentina – President Arturo Frondizi (1958–1962)
8 September 1960  Finland – President Urho Kaleva Kekkonen (1956–1982)
22 September 1960  Thailand – King Bhumibol Adulyadej (1946–2016)
29 November 1960  Uruguay – President Benito Nardone (1960–1961)
6 April 1961  Uruguay – President Eduardo Víctor Haedo (1961–1962)
Date Recipient
25 May 1962  Tunisia – President Habib Bourguiba (1957–1987)
2 October 1962  Senegal – President Léopold Sédar Senghor (1960–1980)
8 October 1962 Sovereign Military Order of Malta Order of Malta – Prince and Grand Master Fra' Angelo de Mojana di Cologna (1962–1988)
27 November 1962  Greece – Crown Prince Constantine
25 September 1963  Ghana – President Kwame Nkrumah (1960–1966)
2 October 1963  Somalia – President Aden Adde (1960–1967)
20 April 1964  Denmark – King Frederik IX (1947–1972)
18 June 1964  Uruguay – President Luis Giannattasio (1964–1965)
Date Recipient
16 June 1965  Peru – President Fernando Belaúnde Terry (1963–1968; 1980–1985)
20 June 1965  Mexico – President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz (1964–1970)
21 June 1965  Norway – King Olav V (1957–1991)
2 July 1965  Chile – President Eduardo Frei Montalva (1964–1970)
8 August 1965  Germany – President Heinrich Lübke (1959–1969)
8 September 1965 Venezuela – President Raúl Leoni (1964–1969)
 Argentina – President Arturo Umberto Illia (1963–1966)
 Brazil – President Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco (1964–1967)
21 October 1965  Poland – Chairman of the Council of State Edward Ochab (1964–1968)
11 June 1966  Belgium – King Baudouin (1951–1993)
14 June 1966  Sweden – King Gustaf VI Adolf (1950–1973)
28 November 1966  El Salvador – President Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo (1962–1967)
8 August 1969  Ivory Coast – President Félix Houphouët-Boigny (1960–1993)
2 October 1969  Yugoslavia – President Josip Broz Tito (1953–1980)
Date Recipient
30 December 1971  Austria – President Franz Jonas (1965–1974)
23 November 1972  Indonesia – President Suharto (1968–1998)
21 March 1973  Germany – President Gustav Heinemann (1969–1974)
8 May 1973  Zaire – President Mobutu Sese Seko (1965–1997)
21 May 1973  Romania – President of the State Council Nicolae Ceaușescu (1967–1989)
8 June 1973  Saudi Arabia – King Faisal (1964–1975)
1 October 1973  France – President Georges Pompidou (1969–1974)
23 October 1973  Netherlands – Queen Juliana (1948–1980)
 Netherlands – Prince Bernhard (1948–1980)
26 October 1973  Luxembourg – Grand Duke Jean (1964–2000)
21 November 1973  Gabon – President Omar Bongo (1967–2009)
8 February 1974  Mexico – President Luis Echeverría (1970–1976)
22 April 1974  Oman – Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said (1970–2020)
15 December 1974  Iran – Prince Reza Pahlavi
 Iran – Shahbanu Farah Pahlavi (1961–1979)
6 April 1976 – President Anwar Sadat (1970–1981)
17 November 1976 – President Carlos Andrés Pérez (1974–1979; 1989–1993)
8 November 1977  Denmark – Queen Margrethe II (1972–2024)
29 April 1978  Turkey – President Fahri Koruturk (1973–1980)
Date Recipient
18 September 1979  Germany – President Karl Carstens (1979–1984)
14 May 1980  Portugal – President António Ramalho Eanes (1976–1986)
26 May 1980 Spain – King Juan Carlos I (1975–2014)
18 November 1980  Greece – President Konstantinos Karamanlis (1980–1985; 1990–1995)
17 December 1980  Yugoslavia – President Cvijetin Mijatović (1980–1981)
30 March 1981  Mexico – President José López Portillo (1976–1982)
 Costa Rica – President Rodrigo Carazo Odio (1978–1982)
1 April 1981  Colombia – President Julio César Turbay Ayala (1978–1982)
14 October 1981  Mozambique – President Samora Machel (1975–1986)
30 January 1982 Egypt – President Hosni Moubarak (1981–2011)
9 March 1982  Japan – Emperor Hirohito (1926–1989)
5 July 1982  France – President François Mitterrand (1981–1995)
26 November 1983  Jordan – King Hussein (1952–1999)
20 June 1984  Costa Rica – President Luis Alberto Monge (1982–1986)
11 March 1985  Argentina – President Raúl Alfonsín (1983–1989)
27 March 1985  Netherlands – Queen Beatrix (1980–2013)
 Netherlands – Prince Claus (1980–2002)
Date Recipient
24 April 1986  Germany – President Richard von Weizsäcker (1984–1994)
25 July 1986  Ireland – President Patrick John Hillery (1976–1990)
5 October 1987  Iceland – President Vigdís Finnbogadóttir (1980–1996)
6 June 1988 Venezuela – President Jaime Lusinchi (1984–1989)
16 June 1988  Philippines – President Corazon Aquino (1986–1992)
5 April 1989  Portugal – President Mario Soares (1986–1996)
12 May 1989  Poland – President Wojciech Jaruzelski (1989–1990)
22 May 1990 Order of Malta – Prince and Grand Master Fra' Andrew Bertie (1988–2008)
11 June 1990  San Marino – Captain Regent Ottaviano Rossi (1990)
 San Marino – Captain Regent Aldemiro Bartolini (1990)
8 April 1991  Sweden – King Carl XVI Gustav (1973–incumbent)
17 April 1991  Chile – President Patricio Aylwin (1990–1994)
15 July 1991  Hungary – President Árpád Göncz (1990–2000)
18 September 1991  Malta – President Censu Tabone (1989–1994)
19 December 1991  Russia – President Boris Yeltsin (1991–1999)
28 April 1992  Italy – President Francesco Cossiga (1985–1992) self-awarded
Date Recipient
5 October 1992  Argentina – President Carlos Menem (1989–1999)
27 January 1993  Austria – President Thomas Klestil (1992–2004)
14 September 1993  Finland – President Mauno Koivisto (1982–1994)
3 May 1995  Ukraine – President Leonid Kuchma (1994–2005)
24 June 1995  Brazil – President Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995–2002)
29 June 1995 Venezuela – President Rafael Caldera (1994–1999)
19 July 1995  Chile – President Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle (1994–2000)
21 July 1995  Uruguay – President Julio María Sanguinetti (1985–1990; 1995–2000)
16 November 1995  Malta – President Ugo Mifsud Bonnici (1994–1999)
26 March 1996  Mexico – President Ernesto Zedillo (1994–2000)
23 April 1996  Albania – President Sali Berisha (1992–1997)
28 May 1996  Poland – President Aleksander Kwaśniewski (1995–2005)
7 October 1996  Turkey – President Süleyman Demirel (1993–2000)
28 January 1997  Finland – President Martti Ahtisaari (1994–2000)
20 April 1997  Germany – President Roman Herzog (1994–1999)
2 May 1997  Uzbekistan – President Islam Karimov (1991–2016)
4 May 1997  Kazakhstan – President Nursultan Nazarbayev (1990–2019)
20 May 1997  Lithuania – President Algirdas Brazauskas (1992–1998)
21 May 1997  Latvia – President Guntis Ulmanis (1993–1999)
22 May 1997  Estonia – President Lennart Meri (1992–2001)
19 July 1997  Saudi Arabia – King Fahd (1982–2005)
5 November 1997  Lebanon – President Elias Hrawi (1989–1998)
13 November 1997  Slovakia – President Michal Kovac (1993–1998)
3 March 1998  San Marino – Captain Regent Marino Zanotti (1998)
 San Marino – Captain Regent Luigi Mazza (1998)
12 April 1998  Japan – Emperor Akihito (1989–2019)
12 May 1998  Belgium – King Albert II (1993–2013)
19 January 1999  Dominican Republic – President Leonel Fernández (1996–2000; 2008–2012)
19 February 1999  Palestine – President Yasser Arafat (1994–2004)
23 February 1999  Lithuania – President Valdas Adamkus (1998–2003; 2004–2009)
Date Recipient
21 October 1999  France – President Jacques Chirac (1995–2007)
15 November 1999  Algeria – President Abdelaziz Bouteflika (1999–2019)
2 March 2000  South Korea – President Kim Dae-Jung (1998–2003)
3 March 2000  Chile – President Ricardo Lagos (2000–2006)
11 April 2000  Morocco – King Mohammed VI (1999–incumbent)
26 April 2000  Qatar – Emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (1995–2013)
23 January 2001  Greece – President Konstantinos Stephanopoulos (1995–2005)
9 February 2001  Jordan – King Abdullah II (1999–incumbent)
7 March 2001  Argentina – President Fernando de la Rúa (1999–2001)
 Uruguay – President Jorge Batlle (2000–2005)
19 October 2001  Norway – King Harald V (1991–incumbent)
27 November 2001  Portugal – President Jorge Sampaio (1996–2006)
14 January 2002  Serbia and Montenegro – President Vojislav Koštunica (2000–2003)
6 March 2002  South Africa – President Thabo Mbeki (1999–2008)
11 March 2002  San Marino – Captain Regent Gino Giovagnoli (2002)
 San Marino – Captain Regent Alberto Cecchetti (2002)
22 March 2002  Germany – President Johannes Rau (1999–2004)
27 March 2002  Czech Republic – President Vaclav Havel (1993–2003)
17 June 2002  Hungary – President Ferenc Mádl (2000–2005)
28 June 2002  Slovakia – President Rudolf Schuster (1999–2004)
4 December 2002  Peru – President Alejandro Toledo (2001–2006)
14 March 2003  Luxembourg – Grand Duke Henri (2000–incumbent)
9 June 2003  Malaysia – King Sirajuddin of Perlis (2001–2006)
16 January 2004  Malta – President Guido de Marco (1999–2004)
8 April 2004  Latvia – President Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga (1999–2007)
 Estonia – President Arnold Rüütel (2001–2006)
5 April 2005  Bulgaria – President Georgi Parvanov (2002–2012)
11 May 2005  Malta – President Edward Fenech Adami (2004–2009)
12 December 2005  Monaco – Albert II, Prince of Monaco (2005–incumbent)
18 January 2006  Greece – President Karolos Papoulias (2005–2015)
15 March 2006  Germany – President Horst Köhler (2004–2010)
Date Recipient
11 October 2006  Ghana – President John Agyekum Kufour (2001–2009)[6]
20 February 2007  Slovakia – President Ivan Gašparovič (2004–2014)[7]
8 June 2007  Austria – President Heinz Fischer (2004–2016)[8]
9 October 2007  Chile – President Michelle Bachelet (2006–2010; 2014–2018)[9]
30 October 2007  Saudi Arabia – King Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz al Saud (2005–2015)[10]
1 September 2008  Finland – President Tarja Halonen (2000–2012)[11]
14 October 2008  Lebanon – President Michel Suleiman (2008–2014)[12]
27 October 2008 Sovereign Military Order of Malta Order of Malta – Prince and Grand Master Fra' Matthew Festing (2008–2017)[13]
2 September 2009  South Korea – President Lee Myung-bak (2008–2013)[14]
30 October 2009  Turkey – President Abdullah Gül (2007–2014)[15]
11 March 2010  Syria – President Bashar Al-Assad (2000–incumbent)[16]
Revoked by the President of the Republic on 28 September 2012 for "indignity"[17]
25 April 2010  Malta – President George Abela (2009–2014)[18]
26 April 2010  Kuwait – Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (2006–2020)[19]
11 January 2011  Slovenia – President Danilo Türk (2007–2012)[20]
6 July 2011  Croatia – President Ivo Josipović (2010–2015)[21]
7 September 2011  Romania – President Traian Băsescu (2004–2014)[22]
10 June 2012  Poland – President Bronisław Komorowski (2010–2015)[23]
15 November 2012  France – President François Hollande (2012–2017)[24]
20 February 2013  Germany – President Joachim Gauck (2012–2017)[25]
4 March 2014  Albania – President Bujar Nishani (2012–2017)[26]
5 May 2014  Slovenia – President Borut Pahor (2012–2022)[27]
4 June 2014  San Marino – Captain Regent Luca Beccari (2014)
 San Marino – Captain Regent Valeria Ciavatta (2014)[28][29]
Date Recipient
23 November 2015  Greece – President Prokopis Pavlopoulos (2015–2020)[30]
11 March 2016  Cameroon – President Paul Biya (1982–incumbent)[31]
30 May 2016  Romania – President Klaus Iohannis (2014–incumbent)[32]
21 June 2016  Mexico – President Enrique Peña Nieto (2012–2018)[33]
4 August 2016  Bulgaria – President Rosen Plevneliev (2012–2017)[34]
23 January 2017  Tunisia – President Beji Caid Essebsi (2014–2019)[35]
2 May 2017  Argentina – President Mauricio Macri (2015–2019)[36]
19 June 2017  Netherlands – King Willem-Alexander (2013–incumbent)[37]
7 September 2017  Malta – President Marie Louise Coleiro Preca (2014–2019)[38]
18 September 2017  Finland – President Sauli Niinistö (2012–2024)[39]
29 November 2017  Portugal – President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (2016–incumbent)[40]
5 June 2018  Estonia – President Kersti Kaljulaid (2016–2021)[41]
22 June 2018  Lithuania – President Dalia Grybauskaitė (2009–2019)[42]
26 June 2018  Latvia – President Raimonds Vējonis (2015–2019)[43]
12 July 2018  Azerbaijan – President Ilham Aliyev (2003–incumbent)[44]
25 July 2018  Armenia – President Armen Sarkissian (2018–2022)[45]
27 June 2019  Austria – President Alexander Van der Bellen (2017–incumbent)[46]
17 September 2019  Germany – President Frank-Walter Steinmeier (2017–incumbent)[47]
6 October 2020  Greece – President Katerina Sakellaropoulou (2020–incumbent)[48]
16 June 2021  San Marino – Captain Regent Marco Nicolini (2021)
 San Marino – Captain Regent Gian Carlo Venturini (2021)[49][50]
1 July 2021  France – President Emmanuel Macron (2017–incumbent)[51]
25 October 2021  Spain – King Felipe VI (2014–incumbent)[52]
 Belgium – King Philippe (2013–incumbent)[53]
3 November 2021  Algeria – President Abdelmadjid Tebboune (2019–incumbent)[54]
1 June 2022  Georgia – President Salome Zourabichvili (2018–incumbent)[55]
12 January 2023  Paraguay – President Mario Abdo Benítez (2018–2023)[56]
13 April 2023  Poland – President Andrzej Duda (2015–incumbent)[57]
19 May 2023  Angola – President João Lourenço (2017–incumbent)[58]
5 June 2023  Iraq – President Abdul Latif Rashid (2022–incumbent)[59]
7 October 2023  South Korea – President Yoon Suk Yeol (2022–incumbent)[60]
21 November 2023 Sovereign Military Order of Malta Order of Malta – Prince and Grand Master John Timothy Dunlap (2023–incumbent)[61]
6 December 2023  San Marino – Captain Regent Filippo Tamagnini (2023–2024)
 San Marino – Captain Regent Gaetano Troina (2023–2024)[62]
26 February 2024  Cyprus – President Nikos Christodoulides (2023–incumbent)[63]
18 March 2024  Malta – President George William Vella (2019–2024)[64]
10 April 2024  Bulgaria – President Rumen Radev (2017–incumbent)[65]
21 October 2024  Qatar – Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani (2013-incumbent)[66]

Wearer's guide

  • Wearer's guide for each grade (1951–2001)
    Wearer's guide for each grade (1951–2001)
  • Wearer's guide for each grade (since 2001)
    Wearer's guide for each grade (since 2001)
  • Comparison of the pre-2001 (at left) and the post-2001 (at right) badges of the Order
    Comparison of the pre-2001 (at left) and the post-2001 (at right) badges of the Order
  • All grades of the Order (pre-2001)
    All grades of the Order (pre-2001)
  • Five grades of the Order
    Five grades of the Order
  • The pre-2001 grades of the Order
    The pre-2001 grades of the Order
  • Knight, Officer, Commander, Grand Officer and Grand Cross grades
    Knight, Officer, Commander, Grand Officer and Grand Cross grades
  • Knights and Officer Classes of the Order
    Knights and Officer Classes of the Order
  • Knight 5th Class and Officer 4th Class grades
    Knight 5th Class and Officer 4th Class grades
  • Sets of the Knight and Officer classes
    Sets of the Knight and Officer classes
  • Commander 3rd Class of the Order
    Commander 3rd Class of the Order
  • Commander set in case
    Commander set in case
  • 3rd Class set of the Order
    3rd Class set of the Order
  • Bestowal document of a Grand Officer grade with the insignia
    Bestowal document of a Grand Officer grade with the insignia
  • Grand Officer set of insignia with the bestowal document
    Grand Officer set of insignia with the bestowal document
  • Grand Cross set of insignia
    Grand Cross set of insignia
  • The Grand Cross grade of the Order in case of issue
    The Grand Cross grade of the Order in case of issue
  • Collar of the Order (pre-2001)
    Collar of the Order (pre-2001)

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Today, these continue merely as dynastic orders of the former Royal House of Savoy. Whilst their bestowal is suppressed by law in Italy, the continued use of those decorations conferred prior to 1951 is permitted, exclusive of any right of precedence in official ceremonies.[3]

References

  1. ^ Sainty, Guy Stair. World Orders of Knighthood and Merit (pp. 1233–4). Buckingham: Burke's Peerage and Gentry, 2006.
  2. ^ The linguist: Journal of the Institute of Linguists, Volumes 42–44 Institute of Linguists (Great Britain). Institute of Linguists, 2003, pg. 121
  3. ^ LEGGE 3 marzo 1951, n. 178 Istituzione dell'Ordine "Al Merito della Repubblica Italiana" e disciplina del conferimento e dell'uso delle onorificenze (Gazzetta Ufficiale 30 marzo 1951, n. 73)
  4. ^ By Decree of the President of the Republic No. 173 of 30 March 2001
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Le onorificenze della Repubblica Italiana". President of Italy.
  6. ^ Italian Presidency website, KUFUOR John Agyekum Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  7. ^ Italian Presidency website, GASPAROVIC Ivan Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  8. ^ Italian Presidency website, FISCHER Heinz Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  9. ^ Italian Presidency website, BACHELET JERIA Verónica Michelle decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  10. ^ Italian Presidency website, BIN ABDUL AZIZ AL SAUD Abdallah decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  11. ^ Italian Presidency website, HALONEN Tarja Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  12. ^ Italian Presidency website, SLEIMAN Michel Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  13. ^ Italian Presidency website, FESTING Matthew Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  14. ^ Italian Presidency website, LEE Myung-bak Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  15. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. Abdullah Gul – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  16. ^ Italian Presidency website, Al-Assad S.E. Bashar Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  17. ^ ATTO CAMERA INTERROGAZIONE A RISPOSTA SCRITTA 4/17085 Archived 18 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine Banchedati.camera.it (in Italian)
  18. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. George Abela – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  19. ^ Italian Presidency website, AL-AHMAD AL-JABER AL-SABAH Sabah Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  20. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. Danilo Türk – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  21. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. Ivo Josipovic – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  22. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. Traian Basescu – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  23. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. Bronislaw Komorowski – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  24. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. François Hollande – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  25. ^ Italian Presidency website, Gauck S.E. Joachim – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  26. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.E. Bujar Nishani – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  27. ^ Italian Presidency website, Pahor S.E. Borut – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  28. ^ Italian Presidency website, Beccari S.E. Luca – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  29. ^ Italian Presidency website, Ciavatta S.E. Valeria – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  30. ^ "Le onorificenze della Repubblica Italiana". quirinale.it.
  31. ^ Italian Presidency website, Biya S.E. Paul – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  32. ^ Italian Presidency website, Iohannis S.E. Klaus Werner – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  33. ^ Italian Presidency website, Peña Nieto S.E. Enrique – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  34. ^ Italian Presidency website, Plevneliev S.E. Rosen – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  35. ^ Italian Presidency website, Essebsi S.E. Sig. Béji Caïd – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  36. ^ Italian Presidency website, Macri S.E. Mauricio – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  37. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.M. Willem Alexander Claus George van Oranje-Nassau – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  38. ^ Italian Presidency website,Coleiro Preca S.E. Marie-Louise – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  39. ^ Italian Presidency website,Niinistö S.E. Sauli – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  40. ^ Italian Presidency website,S.E. Marcelo Nuno Duarte – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  41. ^ Italian Presidency website,Kalijulaid S.E. la Signora Kersti Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  42. ^ Italian Presidency website,Grybauskaitè Sig.ra Dalia Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  43. ^ Italian Presidency website,Vejonis S.E. Sig. Raimonds Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  44. ^ Italian Presidency website,Aliyev S.E. Ilham Heydar Oglu Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  45. ^ Italian Presidency website,Sarkissian S.E. Sig. Armen Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  46. ^ Italian Presidency website,Van der Bellen S.E. Sig. Alexander Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  47. ^ Italian Presidency website,Steinmeier S.E. Frank-Walter – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  48. ^ Italian Presidency website,Sakellaropoulou S.E. Katerina – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  49. ^ Italian Presidency website, Nicolini S.E. Marco – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  50. ^ Italian Presidency website, Venturini S.E. Gian Carlo – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  51. ^ Italian Presidency website, Macron S.E.Emmanuel – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  52. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.M. Felipe VI Re di Spagna – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  53. ^ Italian Presidency website, S.M. Filippo Re dei Belgi – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  54. ^ Italian Presidency website, Tebboune S.E. Abdelmadjid – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  55. ^ Italian Presidency website, Zourabichvili S.E. Salome – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  56. ^ Italian Presidency website, Benítez S.E. Mario Abdo – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  57. ^ Italian Presidency website, Duda S.E. Andrzej – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  58. ^ Italian Presidency website, Lourenço S.E. João – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  59. ^ Italian Presidency website, Rashid S.E. Abdul Latif – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  60. ^ https://www.quirinale.it/elementi/102025#&gid=1&pid=11/ [bare URL]
  61. ^ Italian Presidency website, DUNLAP John Timothy Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  62. ^ https://www.quirinale.it/elementi/103615#&gid=1&pid=7/ [bare URL]
  63. ^ "Photo Gallery - Pio".
  64. ^ Italian Presidency website,VELLA S.E. George William – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  65. ^ https://www.quirinale.it/elementi/110838#&gid=1&pid=2/ [bare URL]
  66. ^ https://x.com/AmiriDiwan/status/1848464879759265989/photo/3/
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