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Nantou County
Nantou County
Traditional Chinese	南投縣
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Nántóu Xiàn
Bopomofo	ㄋㄢˊ ㄊㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
Gwoyeu Romatzyh	Nantour Shiann
Wade–Giles	Nan²-tʻou² Hsien⁴
Tongyong Pinyin	Nántóu Siàn
MPS2	Nántóu Shiàn
IPA	[nǎn.tʰǒʊ ɕjɛ̂n]
Hakka
Pha̍k-fa-sṳ	Nàm-thèu-yen
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ	Lâm-tâu-koān
Tâi-lô	Lâm-tâu-kuān

Nantou County

南投縣
Nan-t'ou
Nantou County 南投縣 Nan-t'ou
County
	Top：Shuili Water Creek in Shuili Township, 2nd left:Mount Yu, 2nd right:Nantou County Museum of History in Nantou City, 3rd left:View of Sun Moon Lake, from Xuanzang Temple in Yuchi Township, 3rd right:Evergreen Glassland in Renci Township, Bottom left:Tou George Pond in Taiwan Educational University of Nature, Bottom right:Mount Hehuan
	Flag Logo
	Coordinates: 23°54′55.28″N 120°41′4.32″E / 23.9153556°N 120.6845333°E
Country	Republic of China (Taiwan)
Province	Taiwan (de facto defunct)
Seat	Nantou City
Largest city	Nantou City
Boroughs	1 city, 12 (4 urban, 8 rural) townships
Government
• Body	Nantou County Government; Nantou County Council;
• County Magistrate	Hsu Shu-hua (KMT)
Area
• Total	4,106.436 km2 (1,585.504 sq mi)
• Rank	2 of 22
Population (January 2023)
• Total	479,666
• Rank	15 of 22
• Density	120/km2 (300/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (National Standard Time)
ISO 3166 code	TW-NAN
Website	www.nantou.gov.tw
Symbols
Flower	Plum blossom (Prunus mume)
Tree	Camphor Laurel (Cinnamomum camphora)

Nantou County (Chinese: 南投縣; pinyin: Nántóu Xiàn; Hokkien POJ: Lâm-tâu-koān; Hakka PFS: Nàm-thèu-yen) is the second largest county of Taiwan by area, located in the central part of the country.^[1] It is also the only non-coastal county in Taiwan. Its name derives from the Hoanya Taiwanese aboriginal word Ramtau.^[2]

Its mountainous area makes it a tourist destination. The largest natural lake in Taiwan, Sun Moon Lake, is located in this county. Other well-known tourist sites of the county including Aowanda, Formosan Aboriginal Culture Village, Hehuanshan, Paper Dome, Qingjing Farm, Shanlinxi, Shuiyuan Suspension Bridge and Xitou. Notable cities in Nantou are Nantou City and Puli Town. The official butterfly of Nantou County is the broad-tailed swallowtail butterfly (Agehana maraho). Nantou's tung-ting tea is one of the most famous and high-quality oolong teas grown in Taiwan.^[3]

History

Early history

Before the arrival of Han Chinese to Nantou, the Atayal, Bunun and Tsou tribes were distributed throughout the northern and central Nantou. These groups pioneered the early development of mountain regions in Nantou.^[4]

Kingdom of Tungning

In 1677, Lin Yi (Chinese: 林圯), a general under the command of Koxinga, led soldiers to establish residence in Shalianbao [zh] (modern-day Zhushan). The Han Chinese began to enter Nantou via two main routes, the Zhuoshui River and Maoluo River.^[4]

Japanese rule

In 1901, during Japanese rule, Nanto Chō (Japanese: 南投廳) was one of twenty local administrative offices established. In 1909, part of Toroku Chō (斗六廳) was merged into Nanto Cho. A major reorganization occurred in 1920, in which the area was administered under Taichū Prefecture together with modern-day Changhua County and Taichung City.

Republic of China

After the handover of Taiwan from Japan to the Republic of China on 25 October 1945, the present day area of Nantou County was administered under Taichung County of Taiwan Province.^[5] On 16 August 1950, Nantou County was established by its separation from Taichung County, and Nantou Township was designed as the county seat. On 1 July 1957, the Zhongxing New Village in Nantou Township was designed to be the capital of Taiwan Province from the former Taipei City. In 1981, the county seat was upgraded from Nantou Township to Nantou City. The Chi-Chi earthquake occurred in 1999.

Geography

Nantou County has an area of 4,106.436 km² (1,585.504 sq mi) with a width of 72 km (45 mi) and length of 95 km (59 mi). It is the second largest county in Taiwan after Hualien County.^[6]

There are 41 mountains with peaks over 3,000 meters high, with Mount Yu in Xinyi Township is the highest peak in Nantou County and in Taiwan with a height of 3,952 meters. Around 83% of Nantou County area is covered by hills and mountains.

Rain that falls into the mountains area converge into the Dadu River and Zhuoshui River. There are inland ponds and lakes throughout the mountains in the county, such as the Sun Moon Lake, Bi Pond, Liyu Pond and Cilin Pond.

Climate

The annual average temperature in Nantou County is 23 °C (73 °F) on level ground and 20 °C (68 °F) on mountains. The annual average rainfall is less than 1,750 mm (68.9 in) on level ground and 2,800 mm (110.2 in) on mountains. The rainy season lasts from April to September and the dry season lasts from October to March.^[6]

Government

Nantou County consists of 1 city, 4 urban townships, 6 rural townships, 2 mountain indigenous townships, 128 villages and 133 neighborhoods.^[7]^[8]^[9] Nantou City is the seat of the county which houses the Nantou County Government and Nantou County Council. The incumbent Magistrate of Nantou County is Lin Ming-chen of the Kuomintang.

Administrative divisions

Type	Name	Chinese	Taiwanese	Hakka	Formosan
City	Nantou City	南投市	Lâm-tâu	Nàm-thèu
Urban townships	Caotun	草屯鎮	Chháu-tūn	Chhó-thùn
	Jiji	集集鎮	Chi̍p-chi̍p	Si̍p-si̍p
	Puli	埔里鎮	Po͘-lí	Phû-lî
	Jhushan (Zhushan)	竹山鎮	Tek-san	Tsuk-sân
Rural townships	Guosing (Guoxing)	國姓鄉	Kok-sèng	Koet-siang
	Lugu	鹿谷鄉	Lo̍k-kok	Lu̍k-kuk
	Mingjian	名間鄉	Bêng-kan	Miàng-kiên
	Shueili (Shuili)	水里鄉	Chúi-lí	Súi-lî
	Yuchih (Yuchi)	魚池鄉	Hî-tî	Ǹg-tshṳ̀	QabizayThao
	Jhongliao (Zhongliao)	中寮鄉	Tiong-liâu	Chûng-liàu
Mountain indigenous townships	Ren-ai (Ren'ai)	仁愛鄉	Jîn-ài	Yìn-oi	Atayal, Bunun, Seediq
Mountain indigenous townships	Sinyi (Xinyi)	信義鄉	Sìn-gī	Sin-ngi	Nehunpu-siangBunun

Colors indicate statutory language status of Hakka and Formosan languages in the respective subdivisions.

Politics

南投縣 Nantou County voted two Kuomintang legislators out of two seats to be in the Legislative Yuan during the 2016 Republic of China legislative election.^[10]

Demographics and culture

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1985	535,572	—
1990	536,479	+0.2%
1995	546,517	+1.9%
2000	541,537	−0.9%
2005	535,205	−1.2%
2010	526,491	−1.6%
2015	509,490	−3.2%
Source:"Populations by city and country in Taiwan". Ministry of the Interior Population Census.

Population

Nantou County has a population of 479,666 people as of January 2023.

The following information is as of January 2023 資料

City Name	acreage (km²)	下轄村里數	下轄鄰數	Population	人口消長	The population density (人/km²)	Postcode	Geographical division
Nantou City	71.6021	34	753	97,403	+42	1,386	540	烏溪
Puli	162.2227	33	569	77,340	+96	490	545	烏溪
Caotun	104.0327	27	608	96,778	+132	939	542	烏溪
Jhushan (Zhushan)	247.3339	28	482	51,840	-1	217	557	濁水溪
Jiji	49.7268	11	126	10,073	+5	212	552	濁水溪
Mingjian	83.0955	23	372	36,212	-22	454	551	濁水溪
Lugu	141.8981	13	174	16,457	-20	122	558	濁水溪
Jhongliao (Zhongliao)	146.6541	18	258	13,819	-22	98	541	烏溪
Yuchih (Yuchi)	121.3735	13	191	14,900	+8	128	555	烏溪
Guosing (Guoxing)	175.7042	13	159	17,224	-32	103	544	烏溪
Shuili	106.8424	19	209	16,359	-28	161	553	濁水溪
Sinyi (Xinyi)	1,422.4188	15	121	15,573	-19	11	556	濁水溪
Ren-ai (Ren'ai)	1,273.5312	16	192	15,688	-24	12	546	烏溪
Nantou County	4,106.4360	263	4,214	479,666	+71	120

The population growth and decline is calculated by subtracting the population of the previous month from the current month's population. Negative values are represented by red letters, positive values are represented by blue letters, and no growth is represented by green letters.
The population density of each district is calculated by rounding 4 to 5 to 1 decimal place
Population growth：
- 高度成長 High growth （年成長率高於1%）：NA（updated 2020）
- 穩定成長 Steady growth （年成長率0.1%~1%）：草屯 Caotun
- 成長停滯 Stagnant growth（年成長率±0.1%）：NA（updated 2020）
- 輕度流失 Mild loss （年成長率-0.5%~-0.1%）：南投、仁愛
- 中度流失 Moderate Churn （年成長率-1%~-0.5%）：埔里Puli、名間、魚池
- 高度流失 High churn （年成長率-2%~-1%）：鹿谷、竹山、中寮、信義、水里、集集
- 嚴重流失 Severe drain （年成長率低於-2%）：國姓

Language

The official language of the county is Mandarin. Taiwanese Hokkien, Hakka, English and aboriginal languages are also spoken.^[11]

Economy

Due to its landlocked nature, the county's economy depends mainly on agriculture.^[12]^[13] Other important industries in the county include forestry, fishery, and animal husbandry. Tourism and manufacturing are also important.

As of 2016, there are 28,000 registered businesses and 5,205 registered companies in the county with a total capital of NT$5,609 million and NT$80,024 million respectively. There are 938 factories operating in the county as of 2015.^[14]

Education

There are 2 colleges, 13 senior high and vocational schools, 30 junior high schools, 149 elementary schools, 106 kindergartens and 84 day care centers in the county.^[15] Notable universities in the county are National Chi Nan University, National Chung Hsing University and Nan Kai University of Technology.

Energy

Nantou County houses Taiwan's first pumped-storage hydroelectric power plant, the Takuan Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant commissioned in 1985 with an installed capacity of 1,008 MW. It also houses Taiwan's largest pumped-storage hydroelectric power plant, the Mingtan Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant with an installed capacity of 1,602 MW. Both power plants are located in Shuili Township along the Shuili River.

Sports

Notable sporting events held by Nantou County include:

Tourist attractions

Transportation

Rail

Taiwan Railways Administration

Nantou County is served by the Jiji Line of Taiwan Railways which consists of Zhuoshui, Longquan, Jiji, Shuili and Checheng railway stations.

Taiwan High Speed Rail

Although Nantou County does not have a high speed rail station, high speed rail can be accessed by bus to Taichung HSR station.

References

^ See List of administrative divisions of Taiwan
^ 南投的地方起源與變遷 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Archived from the original on 2012-02-06. 此地原本為平埔族Arikun族南投（Ramtau）社之故址所在，此「南投」之地名即翻譯自平埔族語。
^ "Dong Ding Oolong Tea: Product Description" Archived 2016-04-25 at the Wayback Machine. The Brixton Tea Party. 2013. Retrieved April 27, 2013.
^ ^a ^b "Nantou of Yesterday". Nantou County Government. Archived from the original on 7 January 2016. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
^ "Rezoning Taiwan". Taiwan Today. 1 February 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Profile of Nantou County". Nantou County Government. 2015. Archived from the original on 2014-08-26. Retrieved 2014-08-24.
^ "Organization". Nantou County Government. 2015. Archived from the original on 2014-12-27. Retrieved 2014-08-24.
^ 臺灣地區鄉鎮市區級以上行政區域名稱中英對照表 (PDF). Online Translation System of Geographic Name, Ministry of Interior. 16 June 2011. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 March 2012.
^ 1.7-鄉鎮市區戶口數 [Population for Township and District]. Ministry of the Interior (in Chinese (Taiwan) and English). August 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2020. 南投縣 Nantou County南投市 Nantou City埔里鎮 Puli Township草屯鎮 Caotun Township竹山鎮 Jhushan Township集集鎮 Jiji Township名間鄉 Mingjian Township鹿谷鄉 Lugu Township中寮鄉 Jhongliao Township魚池鄉 Yuchih Township國姓鄉 Guosing Township水里鄉 Shueili Township信義鄉 Sinyi Township仁愛鄉 Renai Township
^ "2016 The 14th Presidential and Vice Presidential Election and The 9th Legislator Election". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-02-24.
^ "Profile of Nantou County". Nantou County Government. 7 January 2015. Archived from the original on 19 November 2017. Retrieved 25 May 2019. Language: Mandarin is the official language; Taiwanese, Hakka, English and dialects of aborigines are also spoken.
^ "History". Taiwan Nantou District Prosecutors Office. 12 August 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
^ "Agriculture, Industry & Commerce - Transformation, Metamorphosis". Nantou. 28 March 2007. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
^ "Nantou County". InvesTaiwan. 23 March 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
^ "About the Schools in Nantou County". Nantou County Government. 2007. Archived from the original on 2014-08-26. Retrieved 2014-08-24.