The family Mantellidae is composed of three extremely diverse groups of frogs, across three subfamilies: the Mantellinae (Laurent, 1946) are typically terrestrial or semi-aquatic frogs, the Laliostominae (Vences & Glaw, 2001) are terrestrial, fairly large frogs, and the Boophinae (Vences & Glaw, 2001) are arboreal tree frogs, sharing far more physical and behavioral characteristics with true tree frogs than the tiny mantellids.
As of 22 September 2022, at least 237 species are recognized in this family.[3]DNA barcoding research has shown, however, that more than 100 distinct genetic lineages remain taxonomically undescribed.[4][5]
Evolution and island biogeography
The Mantellidae are Madagascar's most diverse frog family.[2] It has been shown that there is a negative correlation between body size and species diversity in this family, which is probably related to the lower dispersal potential of smaller animals.[6][7] This family is estimated to have colonized the island of Madagascar 76–87 million years ago.[8] They are phylogenetically nested within Asian frogs, and therefore probably represent a dispersal event from Asia.[8]
Two undescribed species of mantellid frogs are currently resident on the island of Mayotte, off Madagascar's west coast. These species belong to two genera that are otherwise exclusively endemic to Madagascar.[2]
Reproduction
Reproductive modes in the Mantellidae are highly varied. Eggs can be laid in or out of water, on the ground or on leaves, depending on genus and species.[2]Guibemantis frogs of the subgenus Pandanusicola lay their eggs either in phytotelms or over slow-flowing water.[2] Some species of Gephyromantis have direct development or nidicolous tadpoles.[2] Members of the subfamilies Boophinae and Laliostominae have amplexus, but mantelline frogs do not.[2] Parental care is known from a few species (e.g. Mantidactylus argenteus).[2] Sexual size dimorphism is present in most species, with females being larger than males, but there are exceptions (e.g. Boophis albilabris), where males are larger than females, possibly as a result of males fighting for access to females.[2][9]
^ abFrost, Darrel R. (2013). "Mantellidae Laurent, 1946". Amphibian Species of the World 5.6, an Online Reference. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
^ abcdefghijGlaw, Frank; Vences, Miguel (2007). A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar (3rd ed.). Cologne, Germany: Vences & Glaw Verlags. ISBN978-3929449037.
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