Lydia Shackleton

Lydia Shackleton
Born	(1828-11-22)22 November 1828 Ballitore, Ireland
Died	10 November 1914(1914-11-10) (aged 85) Rathgar, Dublin, Ireland
Nationality	Irish
Education	Royal Dublin School of Art and Design
Known for	Botanical artist

Lydia Shackleton (22 November 1828 – 10 November 1914) was an Irish botanical artist who studied at the Royal Dublin School of Art and Design. She was the first artist-in-residence at the Royal Botanic Gardens in Dublin, creating hundreds of botanic studies. She also taught, wrote verses, and travelled to the United States.

Life

Painting of a hellebore by Lydia Shackleton, gouache and watercolour.

Lydia Shackleton was born in Ballitore, County Kildare to George and Hannah (née Fisher) Shackleton in 1828. She was the third eldest of 13 children in this Quaker family. Her father was a miller and 18 years older than his wife.^[1]

Shackleton was educated at the Quaker school in her hometown^[2] and went on to study at the Royal Dublin School of Art and Design (now called the National College of Art and Design). Her earliest surviving works are pencil drawings of Grisemount and Ballitore, dated 15 November 1848.^[1] She shared her knowledge and skills with her younger brothers and sisters, and also later taught her nephews and nieces as well.^[1] The demands of being one of the eldest in the family, however, meant that she did not indulge her talents as much as she might. Shackleton's views were also more liberal than those of her parents; her disagreement with her mother's more traditional Quaker views led to irreconcilable differences.^[3]

Following her studies at the Royal Dublin School of Art and Design, Shackleton moved to Lucan in County Dublin, where she opened a small school for Quaker children. She taught there for 20 years. She also spent two extended periods in America.^[2]

Artist-in-residence

Liliaceae pendula by Lydia Shackleton – dried samples (left) and painting (right).

Shackleton painted for 23 years for the Royal Botanic Gardens in Dublin (now the National Botanic Gardens of Ireland), starting in 1884. She and a fellow Quaker named Alice Jacob were both artists-in-residence,^[4] though she was the first in that position.^[5] Shackleton received no remuneration for her work.^[5] She created her paintings on tinted paper, which meant that she had to use white paint for highlighting. Her attention to detail was such that she helpfully taped a pressed flower or leaf to her work for comparison with her painted study.^[3]

She is known to have created about 1500 botanical studies, which she signed "L.S.". More than two-thirds of these studies feature orchids. These paintings record the efforts of the gardeners to create new hybrids.^[4] Her flower paintings are considered to be botanic studies rather than art studies.^[6] Her portrayals at the Botanic Gardens include a significant number of examples of Helleborus, Paeonia, and Sarracenia.^[3]

She also painted about 100 Irish native wild species for the Science and Art Museum, Dublin (now the National Museum of Ireland). These paintings are also part of her work at the National Botanic Gardens. This collection is thought to be the largest of her work.^[3]

Shackleton was forced to stop painting in 1907 as her sight deteriorated, affecting her ability to execute the fine detail in her work. Her medical condition may have been caused by the exacting nature of her work.^[3] She died completely blind, and a spinster, on 10 November 1914 at her home in Rathgar, Dublin. She was buried at the Friends Burial Ground, Blackrock, Dublin.^[1]

References

1. Nelson, E. Charles (2004). "Shackleton, Lydia (1828–1914)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/59821. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
2. Ó Céirín, Kit; Ó Céirín, Cyril (1996). Women of Ireland: A biographic dictionary. Tír Eolas. pp. 200–201. ISBN 1873821069.
3. Morley, Brian D. (1978). "Lydia Shackleton's Paintings in the National Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin". Glasra (2): 25–36. Archived from the original on 5 November 2017. Retrieved 29 October 2013.
4. Nelson, E. Charles (1998). "A Garden of Bright Images: Art Treasures at Glasnevin" (PDF). Irish Arts Review. pp. 41–51. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2013.
5. "Botanical Art Collections". National Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin. Archived from the original on 14 November 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
6. Foster, John Wilson. "The Culture of Nature", in Nature in Ireland: A Scientific and Cultural History, John Wilson Foster and Helena C. G. Chesney, eds. McGill-Queen's Press, 1998, p. 599. ISBN 0773518177.