London Bridge (Fergie song)

"London Bridge"
Single by Fergie
from the album The Dutchess
ReleasedJuly 18, 2006 (2006-07-18)
Recorded2006
Studio
GenrePop rap[1]
Length
  • 4:01 (album version)
  • 3:28 (single version)
Label
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)Polow da Don
Fergie singles chronology
"London Bridge"
(2006) 		"Fergalicious"
(2006)
Alternative cover
One-track digital single cover
Music video
"London Bridge" on YouTube

"London Bridge" is a song recorded by American singer and rapper Fergie for her debut studio album The Dutchess (2006). It was written by Fergie, Mike Hartnett, Sean Garrett, and its sole producer Polow da Don. A pop rap song, it contains compositional samples of "Down to the Nightclub", performed by Tower of Power. It was released as the lead single from The Dutchess on July 18, 2006, by A&M Records, Interscope Records and will.i.am Music Group.

Music critics gave "London Bridge" generally mixed reviews, with some of them criticizing the song's sexually suggestive lyrics and comparing the song to Gwen Stefani's single "Hollaback Girl" (2005). "London Bridge" was a commercial success and reached the top ten in 13 countries. In the United States, it peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), selling over two million digital copies and becoming the singer's second best-selling song in the country. An accompanying music video for the single was directed by Marc Webb and features Fergie playing around with men in London. The song was featured in the 2014 film Neighbors and appears on the film's soundtrack.[2]

Writing and production

Stacy Ferguson, Sean Garrett and Mike Hartnett wrote "London Bridge" together with Polow da Don, who produced the song.[3] The song contains a compositional sample of "Down to the Nightclub" by Tower of Power.[3] It was recorded at the Chalice Recording Studios in Los Angeles, California and at the Hit Factory Criteria in Miami, Florida.[3]

Polow da Don provided background vocals with Jay Anderson, who also provided additional vocals to the song. Hartnett played the bass and guitar, while Danja played the drums and percussion. The keys for the song were provided by Elvis Williams, while engineering was handled by Demacio "Demo" Castellon and Jason Schweitzer. Phil Tan worked with Josh Houghkirk on mixing the song at the Soapbox Studios in Atlanta, Georgia.

Music and lyrics

"London Bridge" incorporates the use of horns.[4] According to the sheet music published by Windswept Holdings, LLC at Musicnotes.com, it was composed in the key of F minor.[5] The song is set in common time to a moderate hip hop groove of 90 beats per minute.[5] Fergie's vocal range spans from the low note of E4 to the high note of F5.[5] Fergie described the song as being "kind of like a punch in the face to let people know I'm coming out"[6] She also said the song was "poking fun at certain things. I'm really not going to spray the paparazzi with mace—I don't know if you know that about me."[7]

IGN writer Spence D. labeled "London Bridge" a "club stomper", while Rebecca Wright of Blogcritics described the song as a catchy and danceable tune with lyrics which are hard to decipher.[8][9] John Murphy of musicOMH claimed that the song also incorporates the use of horns similar to those used by Beyoncé in her song "Work It Out" (2002).[10] Mike Joseph of PopMatters compared the song to Gwen Stefani's "Hollaback Girl", Nelly Furtado's "Promiscuous", and the Black Eyed Peas' "My Humps".[11] Joseph also said that the song is a mixture of Stefani's "schoolgirl sass" and "a bit of ambiguous sleaze".[11]

Critical reception

"London Bridge"'s composition drew comparisons to Gwen Stefani's (pictured) "Hollaback Girl".

Upon its release, "London Bridge" received mixed reviews from music critics. Rolling Stone called the song a "total ripoff of Hollaback Girl", Gwen Stefani's 2005 number-one single.[12] A reviewer of About.com described the song as being "Hollaback Girl" "slathered in puerile sexual raunch".[13] Steve Yates of The Observer describes the song as being "much in the M.I.A. vein".[14] Amy Phillips of Pitchfork noted how much the song and Lil Mama's "Lip Gloss" resembled M.I.A.'s songs, such as her 2003 single "Galang", serving as a reminder of how much the mainstream pop, dance and rap musical landscape had shifted since M.I.A. "first appeared in 2004".[a] AllMusic writer Andy Kellman selected "London Bridge" as one of the best tracks from The Dutchess, describing it as "terrific" and "inexplicably asinine".[16]

Leah Greenblatt of Entertainment Weekly wrote that Fergie played the role of a sexaholic superstar, especially on the refrain, where she "unsubtly, if memorably", combined "winky" sexual metaphors and "club-banging" beats.[17] Bill Lamb of About.com rated the song two out of five stars, praising the spirit exuded, claiming it resembled that of "Hollaback Girl". However, he labeled "London Bridge" as a derivative of higher quality pop music and criticized it for its explicit sexual lyrics.[4] Benjamin Boles of Now expressed dislike for the song: "Basically, if London Bridge doesn't make you want to rip your ears off, you'll enjoy almost 80 per cent of the album."[18] Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine also expressed dislike for the song's sexual suggestiveness, writing that it was "the most uninspired metaphor for oral sex in recorded history."[19]

Norman Mayers of Prefix Magazine labeled "London Bridge" as one of the album's highlights.[20] Dan Gennoe of Yahoo! Music compared the song to Gwen Stefani, writing that the "raucous thump has Gwen Stefani stamped all over it."[21] Spence D. of IGN labeled "London Bridge" the album's centerpice, but noted that, compared to "Fergalicious" and "Clumsy", it appeared to be "a calculated banger aimed at the unscrupulous club goer."[8] John Murphy of musicOMH found the song annoying, "nothing more, nothing less", but predicted that it would be a commercial success.[10] Heather Murray of Glasswerk.co.uk criticized the song for its lyrics, lack of originality, and Fergie's vocal performance, which she described as "whinely drawl."[22]

Commercial performance

In the United States, "London Bridge" entered the Billboard Hot 100 at number 84 on the issue dated August 5, 2006.[23] The song ascended 79 places to number five the next week, achieving the second biggest leap in the Billboard Hot 100 history at the time.[24] It ascended to number one in its third week and stayed there for three consecutive weeks.[24][25] The song was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on July 11, 2007, almost a year after its release.[26] Its digital download sales stand at 2,115,000 units, becoming her first single to surpass sales of two million downloads.[27] "London Bridge" is Fergie's fifth most-downloaded song, behind "Big Girls Don't Cry", "Fergalicious", "Glamorous", and "Clumsy".[27]

In Australia, the song debuted and peaked at number three on the ARIA Singles Chart dated September 24, 2006, staying at the position for two non-consecutive weeks.[28] The song has been certified gold by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) for sales of 35,000 units.[29] On the issue dated October 2, the song debuted and peaked atop the New Zealand Singles Chart.[30] Across Europe, "London Bridge" peaked at number three in Denmark, Germany and the United Kingdom.[25] In Switzerland, the song peaked at number six, where it stayed for two non-consecutive weeks and spent a total of 18 weeks on the chart.[31] In France, the song debuted and peaked at number 27 on October 28, spending a total of 18 weeks on the singles chart.[32] In Japan, "London Bridge" debuted at number ten on September 16,[33] peaking at number seven the following week.[34]

Music video

The accompanying music video for "London Bridge", directed by Marc Webb, was filmed at Woolwich Barracks in Woolwich, South London in mid-June 2006, during The Black Eyed Peas' The Monkey Business Tour stop in the United Kingdom. Fergie collaborated with her fellow group members will.i.am, Taboo and apl.de.ap on the concept of the music video to make it more distinctive; they all made cameos in the video. She described the concept by saying: "We're doing this androgynous-type thing where my girls and I go into a Gentlemen's club and pull them into a bathroom and come back out in their clothes. They're going to be dressed up really dapper and looking really handsome."[6]

For the video, Fergie brought in backup dancers who doubled as bodyguards, dressed as cholas—tough Mexican girls known for wearing dark lipstick and big hair—to make the video "have a bit more edge, be very distinct, be very mixed."[6] Fergie is seen intermittently sailing down the River Thames just in front of Tower Bridge, which is not the same as London Bridge, despite the song title. Fergie based one of her outfits for the video on her family's crest and tartan, altering it as necessary to modernize it.[6] She also wears a tiara cocked to the side of her head to play off the royal title of her album and having the same last name and nickname as Sarah, Duchess of York. A decade after its original premiere, the music video was uploaded to Fergie's Vevo channel on August 4, 2016.[6]

Track listings and formats

Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of The Dutchess.[3]

Sample credits

Recording

  • Recorded at the Chalice Recording Studios in Los Angeles, and at the Hit Factory Criteria in Miami
  • Mixed at the Soapbox Studios in Atlanta

Personnel

  • Demacio "Demo" Castellon – engineering
  • Danja – drums, percussion
  • Stacy Ferguson – songwriting, vocals
  • Sean Garrett – songwriting
  • Mike Hartnett – bass, guitar, songwriting
  • Josh Houghkirk – mixing assistance
  • Polow da Don – production, songwriting
  • Jason Schweitzer – engineering
  • Phil Tan – mixing
  • Elvis Williams – keys

Charts

Certifications

Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[82] Platinum 70,000^
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[83]
DMS 		Platinum 60,000*
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[84] Diamond 250,000‡
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[85] Gold 4,000^
Japan (RIAJ)[86]
Full-length ringtone 		Gold 100,000*
Japan (RIAJ)[87]
Ringtone 		2× Platinum 500,000*
New Zealand (RMNZ)[88] Platinum 30,000‡
United Kingdom (BPI)[89] Silver 200,000‡
United States (RIAA)[90] 2× Platinum 2,000,000‡
United States (RIAA)[91]
Mastertone 		Platinum 1,000,000*

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

Release dates and formats for "London Bridge"
Region Date Format(s) Label(s) Ref.
United States July 18, 2006
[92][93][94]
France August 14, 2006 Digital download Polydor
[95]
Italy Universal Music
[96][97]
Spain
[98]
Germany September 1, 2006
  • Digital download
  • digital download (EP)
[99][100]
United Kingdom September 4, 2006 Digital download Polydor
[101]
Germany September 8, 2006
Universal Music
[102][103]
Australia September 11, 2006 Maxi CD
[104]
France
  • Digital download (2-track)
  • digital download (EP)
 Polydor
[105][106]
United Kingdom
  • CD
  • digital download (2-track)
[107][108]
United States September 19, 2006 12-inch vinyl
  • A&M
  • Interscope
  • will.i.am
[109]
France October 23, 2006 CD Polydor
[110]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ After hearing "London Bridge", M.I.A. told Interscope Geffen A&M Records then-chairman Jimmy Iovine: "If I don't sell records and make money for you, you're just going to make them with her anyway". However, Iovine noted that the song was yet another example of how M.I.A. was "an artist who inspires other artists."[15]
  2. ^ Radio edit of "London Bridge" was subtitled "Oh Snap" on numerous editions of the single.
  3. ^ will.i.am Music Group released only the commercial single for "London Bridge" and did not participate in sending the song to radio stations.

References

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  2. ^ "'Neighbors' Soundtrack Details". Film Music Reporter. April 1, 2014. Retrieved August 8, 2014.
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Glucose oxidase dimer, Penicillium amagasakiense. Gluko-oksidase (glukosidase, beta-D-glukosa:oksigen 1-oxireduktase, EC 1.1.3.4) merupakan sejenis flavoprotein yang mengkatalis reaksi oksidasi dari beta-D-glukosa oleh molekul oksigen (O2).[1] Hasil oksidasi ini adalah glukonolakton dan hidrogen peroksida (H2O2).[1] Pada tahap selanjutnya, senyawa glukonolakton ini akan dihidrolisis menjadi asam glukonat.[1] Secara garis besar, enzim ini akan menghasilkan hidrogen pero...

 

A Reverie for Mister Ray

This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (December 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) A Reverie for Mister Ray AuthorMichael BishopMichael H. Hutchins (editor)Cover artistJamie BishopCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishGenreNonfictionPublisherPS PublishingPublication dateMay 2005Media...

Mike Westbrook

English jazz musician Mike WestbrookWestbrook performing at his William Blake Project, Glad Day, in London on 6 December 2008Background informationBirth nameMichael John David WestbrookBorn (1936-03-21) 21 March 1936 (age 87)High Wycombe, EnglandGenresAvant-garde jazzOccupation(s)Jazz pianist, composerInstrument(s)PianoYears active1958–presentWebsitewww.westbrookjazz.co.ukMusical artist Michael John David Westbrook OBE (born 21 March 1936) is an English jazz pianist, composer, and writ...

 

AFC Champions League

AFC Champions League Verband AFC Erstaustragung 1967(als Asian Champion Club Tournament) Mannschaften 32 (Gruppenphase) Titelträger Japan Urawa Red Diamonds (3. Titel) Rekordsieger Saudi-Arabien al-Hilal (4 Siege) Rekordspieler China Volksrepublik Huang Bowen (93 Spiele) Rekordtorschütze Montenegro Dejan Damjanović (42 Tore) Aktuelle Saison 2023/24 Website www.the-afc.com Qualifikation für FIFA-Klub-WeltmeisterschaftSuper Cup (1995–...

 

Shriman Shrimati

This article is about the film. For the 1994 TV sitcom, see Shrimaan Shrimati (TV series). 1982 Indian filmShriman ShrimatiDirected byVijay ReddyWritten byRaj Baldev RajProduced byB. Nagi ReddyStarringSanjeev KumarRaakheeMusic byRajesh RoshanRelease date5 March 1982CountryIndiaLanguageHindi Shriman Shrimati is a 1982 Indian Hindi film produced by B. Nagi Reddy and directed by Vijay Reddy. The film stars Sanjeev Kumar, Raakhee, A. K. Hangal, Amol Palekar, Deepti Naval, Rakesh Roshan, Sarika, L...

Shinedown

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Football Manager 2011

2010 video gameFootball Manager 2011Developer(s)Sports InteractivePublisher(s)SegaSeriesFootball ManagerPlatform(s)Windows, Mac OS X, PlayStation Portable, iOSReleaseWindows, Mac OS XEU: 5 November 2010[2]NA: 9 November 2010[1]PSPPAL: 26 November 2010[4]NA: 7 December 2010[3]iOSWW: 16 December 2010[5]Genre(s)Sports, simulationMode(s)Single-player, multiplayer Football Manager 2011 (often abbreviated to FM11) is a football manager simulation video game. ...

 

Samar State University

Public university in Samar, Philippines Samar State UniversityPamantasang Pampamahalaan ng SamarSeal of Samar State UniversityFormer namesSamar Trade School (1912-1959)Samar School of Arts and Trades (1959-1982)Samar State Polytechnic College (1982-2003)TypePublic Non-sectarian Coeducational higher education institutionEstablished1912; 111 years ago (1912)PresidentDr. Marilyn D. CardosoVice-presidentDr. Gina U. Españo(VP for Administration & Finance)Dr. Felisa E. Gomba(...

Siobhan Chamberlain

Siobhan Chamberlain Pemanasan bersama timnas Inggris di 2015Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Siobhan Rebecca Chamberlain[1]Tanggal lahir 15 Agustus 1983 (umur 40)Tempat lahir London, InggrisTinggi 180 cm (5 ft 11 in)[2]Posisi bermain KiperInformasi klubKlub saat ini Liverpool LadiesNomor 1Karier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)1999–2003 Chelsea Ladies 2003–2004 Fulham Ladies 2004–2005 Birmingham City Ladies 2005–2007 Bristol Academy 2007–2010 Chelsea La...

 

The Cult of the Charkha

1925 essay by Rabindranath Tagore This article relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources. Find sources: The Cult of the Charkha – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The Cult of the Charkha is an essay by Rabindranath Tagore which first appeared in September 1925 in the Modern Review. In the essay Tago...

 

Washington Marriott Marquis

Luxury hotel in Washington, D.C., United States Marriott Marquis Washington, DCWashington Marriott Marquis in 2023Hotel chainMarriott Hotels & ResortsGeneral informationLocationUnited StatesAddress901 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, D.C.Coordinates38°54′13″N 77°01′29″W / 38.903574°N 77.024654°W / 38.903574; -77.024654OpenedMay 1, 2014; 9 years ago (2014-05-01)Cost$520 millionOwnerCapstone DevelopmentDistrict of ColumbiaING GroupMa...

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Mashed (video game)

2004 video gameMashedDeveloper(s)Supersonic SoftwarePublisher(s)Empire InteractiveEngineRenderWarePlatform(s)PlayStation 2, Xbox, Microsoft WindowsReleaseOriginalPlayStation 2, XboxEU: 18 June 2004Microsoft WindowsEU: 25 June 2004Fully LoadedPlayStation 2, XboxEU: 24 March 2005PlayStation 2NA: December 13, 2006Genre(s)Vehicular combat, racingMode(s)Single-player, multiplayer Mashed is a vehicular combat racing video game developed by Supersonic Software. The game was originally released in Eu...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!