List of extreme points of India

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The extreme points of India include the coordinates that are further north, south, east or west than any other location in India; and the highest and the lowest altitudes in the country. The northernmost point claimed by India is in territory disputed between India and Pakistan, and administered partially by both. With the exception of Kanyakumari, the southernmost location of mainland India, all other extreme locations are uninhabited.

The latitude and longitude are expressed in decimal degree notation, in which a positive latitude value refers to the northern hemisphere, and a negative value refers to the southern hemisphere. Similarly, a positive longitude value refers to the eastern hemisphere, and a negative value refers to the western hemisphere. The coordinates used in this article are sourced from Google Earth, which makes use of the WGS84 geodetic reference system. Additionally, a negative altitude value refers to land below sea level.

Extreme points

Extreme points of India marked on the map of India

The northernmost point claimed by India lies in the Pakistani-administered territory of Gilgit-Baltistan, which India claims as a part of the union territory of Ladakh. The northernmost point administered by India lies in the union territory of Ladakh, which is claimed by Pakistan as a part of the autonomous territory of Azad Kashmir. This list provides the northernmost point as claimed by India; the northernmost disputed point that is administered by India; and the northernmost undisputed point in India. This case also applies to the highest elevated regions.

India's easternmost state is Arunachal Pradesh. Part of the state is claimed by China as part of Tibet Autonomous Region, though administered by India, The easternmost of Indian-administered territory is located in this disputed region.[1] Consequently, this list mentions both the disputed and undisputed easternmost points in India.

All astronomical calculations are performed with respect to a Central Station at longitude 82°30’ East, latitude 23°11’ North.

Heading Location Administrative entity Bordering entity Coordinates[nb 1] Ref(s)
North
(disputed, administered) 		East of Indira Col at Siachen Glacier Ladakh Xinjiang, China 35°40′28″N 76°50′40″E / 35.674521°N 76.844485°E / 35.674521; 76.844485 (Near Indira Col (Northernmost — disputed, administered)) [2]
North
(disputed, claimed) 		East of Kilik Pass in the Karakoram Mountains on Xinjiang-Gilgit-Baltistan border Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan Xinjiang, China 37°05′09″N 74°42′10″E / 37.08586°N 74.70291°E / 37.08586; 74.70291 (Xinjian-Gilgit-Baltistan border) [3]
North (undisputed) North of Kang La at the northern end of Miyar Valley in Lahaul and Spiti district Himachal Pradesh Ladakh 33°15′22″N 76°47′56″E / 33.25615°N 76.79877°E / 33.25615; 76.79877 (Near Kangla (Northernmost — undisputed)) [4]
South Indira Point on the southernmost end of Great Nicobar Island of the Nicobar Islands Andaman and Nicobar Islands Indian Ocean 6°44′48″N 93°50′33″E / 6.74678°N 93.84260°E / 6.74678; 93.84260 (Indira Point (Southernmost)) [5][6]
South (mainland) Cape Comorin near Kanyakumari Tamil Nadu Indian Ocean 8°04′08″N 77°33′08″E / 8.06890°N 77.55230°E / 8.06890; 77.55230 (Cape Comorin (Southernmost — mainland) [5][7]
East
(disputed, administered) 		Southeast of Dong (before Kibithu in Anjaw district) Arunachal Pradesh Kachin State, Myanmar 28°00′42″N 97°23′44″E / 28.01168°N 97.39564°E / 28.01168; 97.39564 (near Kibithu (Easternmost — disputed, administered)) [5][8]
East (undisputed) Chaukan Pass, east of Vijaynagar in Changlang district Arunachal Pradesh Kachin State, Myanmar 27°08′10″N 97°09′57″E / 27.13611°N 97.16575°E / 27.13611; 97.16575 (Near Vijaynagar (Easternmost — undisputed)) [9]
West Sir Creek in Kutch district Gujarat Indus River Delta, Sindh, Pakistan 23°37′34″N 68°11′39″E / 23.6261°N 68.1941°E / 23.6261; 68.1941 (Ghuar Mota (Westernmost)) [10]

Altitudes

Extremity Name Altitude Location State Coordinates Ref(s)
Highest (undisputed) Kangchenjunga 8,586 m (28,169 ft) Eastern Himalaya on the India-Nepal border Sikkim 27°42′09″N 88°08′54″E / 27.70250°N 88.14833°E / 27.70250; 88.14833 (West Sikkim (Highest — undisputed)) [5]
Highest (disputed, claimed) K2 8,611 m (28,251 ft) Karakoram on border between Gilgit-Baltistan (administered by Pakistan) and Xinjiang (administered by China) Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan 35°52′57″N 76°30′48″E / 35.88250°N 76.51333°E / 35.88250; 76.51333 (Border between Kashmir and Xinjiang (Highest — disputed)) [5]
Highest
(undisputed and entirely within India) 		Nanda Devi 7,816 m (25,643 ft) Garhwal Himalaya Uttarakhand 30°22′36″N 79°58′15″E / 30.37667°N 79.97083°E / 30.37667; 79.97083 (Uttarakhand (Highest completely within India)) [5]
Lowest Kuttanad −2.2 m (−7.2 ft) Alappuzha district Kerala 9°09′13″N 76°28′23″E / 9.15360°N 76.47300°E / 9.15360; 76.47300 (Kuttanad (Lowest)) [11]

See also

India related
Other related topics

Notes

  1. ^ Coordinates obtained from Google Earth. Google Earth makes use of the WGS84 geodetic reference system.

References

  1. ^ "Why China claims Arunachal Pradesh". Rediff.com. 2006-11-16. Archived from the original on 2008-06-17. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
  2. ^ "Google Maps (Jammu and Kashmir)". Google. Archived from the original on 2014-06-14. Retrieved 2014-05-11.
  3. ^ "Google Maps (Gilgit-Baltistan)". Google. Retrieved 2017-11-17.
  4. ^ "Google Maps (Himachal Pradesh)". Google. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Thomas (2003). Manorama Yearbook 2003. Malayala Manorama Co. Ltd. p. 649. ISBN 81-900461-8-7.
  6. ^ "Google Maps (Kashmir)". Google. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
  7. ^ "Google Maps (Tamil Nadu)". Google. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
  8. ^ "Google Maps (Arunachal Pradesh)". Google. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
  9. ^ "Google Maps (Arunachal Pradesh)". Google. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
  10. ^ "Google Maps (Gujarat)". Google. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
  11. ^ Suchitra, M (2003-08-13). "Thirst below sea level". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 2019-09-22. Retrieved 2014-05-11.