The 24 legislative councillors were originally appointed for life. In 1854, the British Parliament authorized their election,[1] and implementing legislation was passed by the Province of Canada in 1856.[2] It was provided that:
The present appointed councillors would continue to hold their positions until they had vacated them.[3]
Members were to be elected for eight-year terms from each of 48 divisions (24 in each of Canada East and Canada West).
The order in which divisions were to be selected for elections was to be determined by lot.
12 members were elected every two years from 1856 to 1862.
The British North America Act, 1867 divided the Province of Canada into the provinces of Ontario and Quebec, each with representation in the unelected Senate of Canada. As a province, Ontario never created a Legislative Council; however, Quebec had its own Legislative Council until 1968. Both the provincial and federal upper houses used (and, in the case of the Senate, continues to use to the present day) the same 24 divisions for Quebec as had been used for Canada East by the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada prior to Confederation.
List of legislative councillors
† = died in office
‡ = elected in byelection
# = resigned from office
↑ = elected by acclamation
↓ = unseated
The Speaker was the presiding officer of the Legislative Council, and was appointed by the Queen-in-Council. He was styled "The Honourable, the Vice-Chancellor, Speaker."[10]
1843 Parliament moves to Montreal and sites at renovated St. Anne's Market; burned down in 1849; rebuilt as market only and burned down again in 1902; site later as parking lot and now public square called Place d'Youville.
1849 temporary sites for Parliament at Bonsecours Market and the Freemason's Hall, Montreal for single session. The Legislative Council sat once at the old Trinity Anglican Church across from Market on rue Saint Paul. Built in 1840, it was sold after the church moved to rue Gosford and sold and replaced by a building for merchant A. W. Hood in 1861 and currently used as a hotel.[12]
1849-1850 Parliament returns to Toronto to the site of the Third Parliament Buildings at Front and Simcoe Street.
1851 Parliament relocates to Quebec City in 1851 to the Quebec Parliament Building until fire in destroys the building in 1854.
1859 Parliament return to Toronto to the site of the last parliament held there in 1849-1851 sessions.
1860-1865 Parliament returns to Quebec and new Parliament Buildings, Quebec at Parc Montmercy; re-used as Parliament of Quebec 1867-1883
1866-1867 Parliament locates in Ottawa on Parliament Hill to the completed and original Centre Block, as well as the East and West Block; Centre Block was later destroyed by fire
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