Komatsuna

Komatsuna
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Brassicales
Family:	Brassicaceae
Genus:	Brassica
Species:	B. rapa
Variety:	B. r. var. perviridis
Trinomial name
Brassica rapa var. perviridis

Komatsuna (小松菜（コマツナ）) or Japanese mustard spinach (Brassica rapa var. perviridis) is a leaf vegetable. It is a variety of Brassica rapa, the plant species that yields the turnip, mizuna, napa cabbage, and rapini. It is grown commercially in Japan and Taiwan. It is a versatile vegetable that is cooked and eaten in many ways. The plant is also used for fodder in some Asian countries.

The leaves of komatsuna may be eaten at any stage of their growth. In a mature plant they are dark green with slender light green stalks, around 30 centimeters (12") long and 18 cm (7") wide. It is most often grown in the spring and autumn, as it cannot endure extreme heat or cold for more than a short time. Although nowadays it's grown year-round in greenhouses.

History

Katori Shrine of Shin-Koiwa

The name komatsuna means 'greens of Komatsu' in Japanese, a reference to the village of Komatsugawa [ja] in Edogawa, Tokyo, where it was heavily grown during the Edo period.^[1] It was named by Tokugawa Yoshimune, the eighth shogun, who visited Edogawa in 1719 for hunting and stopped at the local Katori Shrine for lunch. The shrine priest served him soup with a rice cake and a local leaf vegetable. The shogun was impressed by the flavor of the vegetable so much and named it komatsuna, after the nearby Komatsu River^[2] (which gives the village its name). Till this day, the Shin-Koiwa Katori Shrine offers komatsuna to the deities on New Year's Eve. People who come to the shrine to pray on New Year's Day are also given komatsuna for good luck in the new year.

Since the days of the shogun, komatsuna has been bred to have a sweeter taste. The old variety thought to have been served to the shogun is not widely available. That variety is called Goseki bansei. It grows faster and has bigger but fewer leaves than ordinary komatsuna, and a strong, spicy flavor.^{[citation needed]}

Cooking

Mustard spinach, raw

Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy	92 kJ (22 kcal)
Carbohydrates	3.9 g
Dietary fiber	2.8 g
Fat	0.3 g
Protein	2.2 g
Vitamins and minerals Vitamins Quantity %DV^† Vitamin A equiv. 55% 495 μg Thiamine (B1) 6% 0.068 mg Riboflavin (B2) 7% 0.093 mg Niacin (B3) 4% 0.678 mg Pantothenic acid (B5) 4% 0.178 mg Vitamin B6 9% 0.153 mg Folate (B9) 40% 159 μg Vitamin C 144% 130 mg Minerals Quantity %DV^† Calcium 16% 210 mg Iron 8% 1.5 mg Magnesium 3% 11 mg Manganese 18% 0.407 mg Phosphorus 2% 28 mg Potassium 15% 449 mg Sodium 1% 21 mg Zinc 2% 0.17 mg
Link to USDA Database entry
^†Percentages estimated using US recommendations for adults,[3] except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from the National Academies.[4]

Komatsuna has a fresh, sweet taste and a crunchy texture. It is a very versatile vegetable and can be eaten raw, pickled, stir-fried, boiled, used fresh in salads, or added to soups. It is popular in soups as it can stay firm after being simmered. It is an excellent source of calcium, vitamin A, and vitamin C.^[5]

See also

• Brassica juncea

References

1. "小松菜 （こまつな） - 語源由来辞典". 語源由来辞典. 29 October 2006. Retrieved 20 May 2015.
2. "Cultivating pure tastes from the past". The Japan Times. 20 December 2009. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
3. United States Food and Drug Administration (2024). "Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels". FDA. Archived from the original on 2024-03-27. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
4. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). "Chapter 4: Potassium: Dietary Reference Intakes for Adequacy". In Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.). Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US). pp. 120–121. doi:10.17226/25353. ISBN 978-0-309-48834-1. PMID 30844154. Retrieved 2024-12-05.
5. Queensland Government, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries. "Komatsuna: Commercial Production". Archived from the original on 23 August 2009. Retrieved 27 June 2007.