Hydrazine nitrate

Hydrazine nitrate

Names
Other names hydrazinium nitrate
Identifiers
CAS Number	13464-97-6^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	145949
ECHA InfoCard	100.033.341
PubChem CID	166817
UNII	B8357Z64IP^Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID0065484
InChI InChI=1S/H4N2.HNO3/c1-2;2-1(3)4/h1-2H2;(H,2,3,4) Key: AFEBXVJYLNMAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES NN.[N+](=O)(O)[O-]
Properties
Molar mass	95.02
Appearance	Clear liquid
Density	1.64 g/cm^3
Melting point	72°C
Solubility in water	Soluble in water
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Hydrazine nitrate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula N₂H₄·HNO₃. It has usage in liquid explosives as an oxidizer. It exists in two crystalline forms, stable α-type and unstable β-type. The former is usually used in explosives. Its solubility is small in alcohols but large in water and hydrazine. It has strong hygroscopicity, only slightly lower than ammonium nitrate.^[1]

Hydrazine nitrate has a good thermal stability. Its weight loss rate at 100 °C is slower than that of ammonium nitrate. Its explosion point is 307 °C (50% detonation) and explosion heat is about 3.829 MJ/kg. Because it has no carbon elements, the detonation products are not solid and their average molecular weight is small.^[1]

Production

Hydrazine nitrate is produced by the reaction of hydrazine and nitric acid:^[2]

N₂H₄ + HNO₃ → N₂H₅NO₃

References

1. Liu, Jiping (2015). Liquid Explosives. Springer. p. 6. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-45847-1. ISBN 9783662458464.
2. D. G. Karraker (1981). Cu(II) - Catalyzed Hydrazine Reduction of Ferric Nitrate (PDF) (Technical report). United States Department of Energy. doi:10.2172/5658572.

Further reading

• Schmidt, Eckart W. (2022). "Hydrazinium(1+) Nitrate". Hydrazinium Salt Oxidizers. Encyclopedia of Oxidizers. De Gruyter. pp. 1009–1051. doi:10.1515/9783110750294-009. ISBN 978-3-11-075029-4.