HMS Achilles (1757)

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Achilles.

HMS Maria Anna, Earl of Chatham and Achilles (far right) off a coastal town
History
Great Britain
Name	HMS Achilles
Ordered	14 November 1755
Builder	Barnard & Turner, Harwich
Laid down	December 1755
Launched	6 February 1757
Completed	By 17 May 1757
Fate	Sold on 1 June 1784
General characteristics
Class and type	1750 amendments 60-gun fourth-rate ship of the line
Tons burthen	1,234 21/94 bm
Length	153 ft 10 in (46.9 m) (overall) 127 ft 6 in (38.9 m) (keel)
Beam	42 ft 8 in (13.0 m)
Depth of hold	18 ft 9 in (5.7 m)
Propulsion	Sails
Sail plan	Full-rigged ship
Complement	420
Armament	Lower deck: 24 × 24-pounders Upper deck: 26 × 12-pounders Quarter deck: 8 × 6-pounders Forecastle: 2 × 6-pounders

HMS Achilles was a 60-gun fourth-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Barnard and Turner at Harwich to the draught specified by the 1745 Establishment as amended in 1750, and launched in 1757. She was ordered in November 1755. HMS Achilles was a Dunkirk-class fourth rate, along with HMS Dunkirk and HMS America.^[1]

Career

HMS Achilles was launched on 6 February 1757 at Harwich.^[2] At the action of 29 April 1758, she was detached along with HMS Dorsetshire in pursuit of the 64-gun French ship Raisonnable. Dorsetshire engaged Raisonnable first, followed by Achilles. After sustaining 35 casualties, Raisonnable was taken and later purchased for the Navy as HMS Raisonnable.^[3]

On 4 April 1759 Achilles under Samuel Barrington^[4] engaged and captured the 60-gun French coastguard vessel St Florentine in a two-hour battle. Achilles sustained 2 killed and 23 wounded. Later that year, Achilles was the flagship of Rear-Admiral George Rodney when he sailed to L'Havre on 3 July. The fleet of four 50-gun ships along with five frigates, a sloop and six bomb ketches destroyed landing barges assembled in the harbour for a possible invasion of England. Achilles remained at L'Havre for the rest of the year.

The Capture of the Comte de St Florentine by HMS Achilles, 4 April 1759, by Dominic Serres

On 28 March 1762 Achilles, along with several other warships and transports carrying 10,000 troops, set sail from Saint Helens to attack the French at Belleisle. The fleet arrived on 7 April. The next day the army attempted a landing under the cover of Achilles's guns. The attack was forced back and the army lost 500 soldiers killed, wounded or captured. The army finally landed successfully on 22 April, and besieged the French in Le Palais until the French surrendered on 7 June.

Achilles became the guardship at Portsmouth in 1763. She was hulked in 1782 and sold on 1 June 1784 to Boddy & Bacon, merchants of London for repurposing as a cargo vessel. Despite remaining "as sound as the day she was launched,"^[5] the now-former Achilles was finally retired and broken up for timber in 1791.^[6]

References

1. "HMS Achilles 1757 – Part 1 (German)".
2. Phillips, Michael. "Michael Phillips' Ships of the Old Navy". Retrieved 28 August 2010.
3. "No. 9790". The London Gazette. 9 May 1758. p. 1.
4. "VII. The Venus: Letters." The Barrington Papers, Vol. 77. Ed. D Bonner-Smith. London: Navy Record Society, 1937. 391-411. British History Online Retrieved 30 December 2022.
5. Letter from peter Bacon to the Navy Board, 5 July 1791. Quoted in Rosier, p.164.
6. Rosier, p.164

Bibliography

• Rosier, Barrington (2010). "The Construction Costs of Eighteenth-Century Warships". The Mariner's Mirror. 92 (2): 164. doi:10.1080/00253359.2010.10657134. S2CID 161774448.

External links

• Media related to HMS Achilles (ship, 1757) at Wikimedia Commons