The Eternal derby (Serbian: Вечити дерби / Večiti derbi), also called the Derby of Southeast Europe[1] and Belgrade derby (Serbian: Београдски дерби / Beogradski derbi), is the local derby in Belgrade, capital of Serbia, between fierce city rivals Red Star Belgrade and Partizan Belgrade, two of the most popular and most successful clubs in Serbia, although the derby has caused division throughout the whole of Serbia. It has been described as "one of European football's most bitter rivalries".[2]
The rivalry is present in a number of different sports but the most intense matches are in football and basketball sections of both clubs. It started immediately after the creation of the two clubs in 1945 and the two clubs have been dominant in domestic football since then.
According to a 2008 survey, Red Star is the most popular club in Serbia with 48% of the population supporting them. The second most popular is Partizan.[3] They also have many supporters in the Republika Srpska, Montenegro and among the Serbian diaspora.
The football rivalry is highly regarded worldwide being as among the fiercest ones. The highest attendance for a Red Star–Partizan match was on the 7th of November 1976. When Red Star sold 90,142 tickets, it is estimated that there were around 100,000 spectators at the Red Star Stadium.[4]
History
Red Star
vs
Partizan
Origins of both Red Star and Partizan are found in political institutions of the post-World War IICommunist Yugoslavia. Red Star was formed on 4 March 1945 by the United Alliance of Anti-Fascist Youth, part of the new civil authority in Yugoslavia. A few months later, on 4 October 1945, Partizan was founded as the sports association of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). The first match between the two football teams was played on 5 January 1947. Red Star won 4–3 and an intense rivalry has developed since. Partizan got its first win, 1-0, in the very next derby on 27 April 1947.
However, the fierce Belgrade derby tradition originates from the pre-World War II rivalry between BSK Belgrade and SK Jugoslavija in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.[5] SK Jugoslavija was disbanded in 1945 by the new Communist authorities with its property nationalized and most of it signed over to the newly-formed Red Star. On the other hand, BSK was allowed to continue its existence by the new authorities; after successive name changes, the club came to be known as OFK Beograd since 1957, losing its relevance to the newly-founded Partizan in the process. Although OFK Beograd became successful in its own right, both Red Star and Partizan quickly overtook it in popularity.
Over time, the on-pitch rivalry between Red Star and Partizan in the Yugoslavian Championship reflected the power struggle between the Interior Ministry and the Ministry of Defence.[6] The two clubs were dominant in the post-1945 Yugoslav First League, with Red Star having won 19, and Partizan having won 11 Yugoslav championships. The clashes of these two against Hajduk Split and Dinamo Zagreb, the third and fourth respectively in number of national titles, were similarly intense. The four clubs were known as the big 4. After the break-up of Yugoslavia in 1992, the Belgrade derby further intensified, the two clubs having since then won all national titles except one, with Partizan winning a further 16 and Red Star winning 13 by 2022.
Red Star has won 2 international, 2 regional and 66 domestic trophies, making them the most successful football club in Serbia and the former Yugoslavia. Partizan participated in one European final, won 44 domestic trophies and also 1 regional trophy.
An important aspect of the Belgrade derby are the fans. Both sides prepare intensely between the matches, make large flags and special messages that are appropriate for that particular occasion, to be usually directed towards the opposing side.
Delije
Red Star fans traditionally occupy the northern stands of both stadiums
Supporters of the various Red Star sports teams are known as Delije (Serbian Cyrillic: Делије, roughly translated to English as Heroes). The word Delije is plural of delija, a word of Turkish origin (deli) that entered the Serbian language during the Ottoman period, meaning brave, strong or handsome young man. The name Delije first began to be used by hardcore Red Star supporters during the late 1980s, with official inauguration taking place on 7 January 1989. Up to that point, the die-hard Red Star fans were scattered amongst 7–8 fan groups that shared the north stand at the Red Star Stadium (known colloquially as Marakana), most prominent of which were Red Devils, Zulu Warriors, and Ultras. As a sign of appreciation the club direction allowed the word Delije in block letters to be written across their stadium's north stand – the gathering point of the club's most loyal and passionate fans. They are also called Cigani (English: Gypsies) by their arch rivals Grobari, fans of Partizan. Although Delije generally consider the name Cigani to be insulting, they occasionally use this name in their own songs and chants. By 2010, Delije consist of four larger groups: Belgrade Boys, Ultra Boys, Heroes, and Brigate.
Partizan fans traditionally occupy the southern stands of both stadiums
Grobari
Partizan's supporters, known as Grobari (Serbian Cyrillic: Гробари, Gravediggers or Undertakers), were formed in 1970. The origin of the nickname itself is uncertain, but an accepted theory is that it was given by their biggest rivals, the Red Star fans, referring to club's mostly black colours which were similar to the uniforms of cemetery undertakers. The other theory says that the name arrives from the Partizan's stadium street name, Humska (humka meaning "grave mound"), in actuality named after medieval land of Hum. The first groups of organized Partizan supporters began to visit the JNA stadium in the late 1950s. Partizan's participation in the 1966 European Cup Final attracted much more fans to the stadium and it is considered to be the point when the organized fans moved to the south stand of the stadium, where they gather to this day. During the 1970s the Grobari started bringing fan equipment to the stadiums such as supporting scarves, signs, banners and flares. By the 1980s the Grobari were one of the four main fan groups in SFR Yugoslavia and began touring all Partizan's matches across the country and Europe. Because of their expressed hooliganism toward other clubs' supporters in those times, fans who represented the core of the Grobari firm were often called among themselves "Riot Squad". They were best known for their English style of supporting, which was mainly based on loud and continuous singing. By 2010, the Grobari consisted of three large groups: Grobari 1970, Zabranjeni and Južni Front.
When the host is Partizan, the derby is played at Partizan Stadium, formerly known as JNA Stadium which is still its common name. It was opened in 1949. Its capacity is 29,775 spectators[8] (55,000 before UEFA regulations). Partizan fans call it Fudbalski Hram (English: "Temple of Football").
Both stadiums are located 1 kilometre away from each other in the Autokomanda neighborhood of Belgrade.
Most points difference in a single season: 32 points. After 24 played rounds Red Star had 68 points with the first place in the league while Partizan had 36 points placing them 6th in the league during 2015–16 season.
Attendance
Highest single game attendance: 100 000 spectators on 7 November 1976 (59th Eternal derby).
Dragoljub Živković (youth career Partizan, Red Star, senior career Red Star, Rad)
Nenad Stavrić (youth career Red Star, senior career Majdanpek, Partizan, Pelister, Radnički Niš, Rad, Radnički Beograd, Olympiakos Nicosia)
Nikola Marjanović (youth career Red Star, senior career Galenika, Rijeka, Partizan, Vojvodina, Degerforš)
Petar Puača (youth career with both Red Star and Partizan, senior career with Red Star)
Miroslav Čermelj (youth career Red Star, senior career Obilić, Partizan, Pumas UNAM, Extremadura, Atlas, Puebla, Beijing Guoan, Čukarički, Rudar Pljevlja)
Dragan Stevanović (youth career Partizan, senior career Voždovac, Rad, Wolfsburg, St.Pauli, again Rad, Red Star)
Saša Radivojević (youth career Partizan, senior career Radnički Beograd, Zeta, Pegah Gilan, Apollon Kalamarias, Red Star)
Goran Adamović (youth career with both Red Star and Partizan, senior career BSK Borča, Red Star, Budućnost)
Žarko Lazetić (youth career Red Star, senior career Obilić, Smederevo, Beograd, Bežanija, Partizan)
Goran Gavrančić (youth career Red Star, senior career Čukarički, Dynamo Kyiv, PAOK Thessaloniki, Partizan)
Jovan Krneta (youth career Partizan, senior career Teleoptik, Sopot, Red Star)
Ljubo Nenadić (youth career Partizan, senior career Teleoptik, Grafičar, Radnički Kragujevac, Metalac, again Radnički Kragujevac, Red Star)
Aleksandar Pantić (youth career Partizan, senior career Rad, Red Star)
Milan Jokić (youth career Partizan, senior career Red Star)
Novak Martinović (youth career Partizan, senior career Rad, BSK Borča, OFK Beograd, Smederevo, Panduri, Steaua, Wuhan, Red Star)
Filip Kljajić (youth career Red Star, senior career Hajduk Beograd, Šumadija Jagnjilo, Metalac, Rad, Partizan)
Nikola Antić (youth career Partizan, senior career Rad, Palić, again Rad, Red Star)
Zoran Rendulić (youth career Partizan, senior career Remont Čačak, Borac Čačak, Ried, Grenoble, Javor Ivanjica, Pohang Steelers, Shenyang Shenbei, Čukarički, Red Star)
Marko Jovičić (youth career Red Star, Rad, Partizan, senior career Žarkovo, Teleoptik, Partizan)
Stefan Milošević (youth career Red Star, Partizan, senior career Spartak Subotica, Red Star)
Nemanja G. Miletić (youth career Red Star, senior career Sopot, Radnički Stobex, again Sopot, again Radnički Stobex, Mačva Šabac, Javor Ivanjica, Partizan)
Stefan Ilić (youth career Red Star, Partizan, senior career Spartak Subotica, Red Star)
Uroš Đurđević (youth career Red Star, senior career Rad, Vitesse, Palermo, Partizan)
Aleksandar Pešić (youth career Partizan, senior career Radnički Niš, OFI Crete, Sheriff Tiraspol, Jagodina, Toulouse, Atalanta, Red Star)
Nemanja Radonjić (youth career Partizan, senior career Viitorul Constanta, Roma, Empoli, again Roma, Čukarički, Red Star)
Nikola Stojiljković (youth career Partizan, senior career Rad, Čukarički, Braga, Kayserispor, Red Star)
Radivoj Bosić (youth career Red Star, senior career Grafičar, Partizan)
Stefan Kovač (youth career Red Star, senior career IMT, Čukarički, Partizan)
Played for one club and coached the rival club
Petar Ćosić (senior career Red Star, Izmir as player, Crvenka, Budućnost Valjevo, BASK Beograd, national team of Jordan, young national selection of Yugoslavia, young selection of Partizan, Teleoptik as coach)
Ratko Dostanić (youth career Partizan as player, through Obilić, Smederevo, Slavia Sofia, Red Star, again Slavia Sofia, OFK Belgrade, Bežanija, Veria, Dalian, Vardar, Srem, Levski Sofia, again Red Star as coach)
Players who have played for both clubs (youth career)
