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Draconyx; Temporal range: Late Jurassic, Tithonian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
	Skeletal reconstruction
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	†Ornithischia
Clade:	†Neornithischia
Clade:	†Ornithopoda
Genus:	†Draconyx; Mateus & Antunes, 2001
Species:	†D. loureiroi
Binomial name
	†Draconyx loureiroi; Mateus & Antunes, 2001

Draconyx (meaning "dragon claw") is a genus of dinosaur from the Late Jurassic. It was an ornithopod which lived in what is now Portugal and was a herbivore. It was found in the Lourinhã Formation in 1991, and described by Octávio Mateus and Miguel Telles Antunes in 2001.^[1]

Etymology

The type species, known from only partial remains, is Draconyx loureiroi. The generic name is derived from Latin draco, "dragon", and Ancient Greek ὄνυξ, onyx, "claw". The specific name is in honour of João de Loureiro, a Portuguese jesuit priest, a pioneer in Portuguese palaeontology.

Discovery

The holotype, ML 357, a partial skeleton lacking the skull, consists of two maxillary teeth, three caudal centra, one chevron, a distal epiphysis of right humerus, one manual phalanx, three manual unguals, a distal epiphysis of the right femur, the proximal and distal epiphyses of the tibia and fibula, an astragalus, a calcanaeum, three tarsals, four metatarsals and pedal phalanges. It was in 1991 found at Vale de Frades by Carlos Anunciação of the Museu da Lourinhã, in layers of the Bombarral Unit dating to the Tithonian. Histology shows that the holotype specimen reached skeletally maturity after the age between 27 and 31 years old.^[2] A left femur (ML 434), found near Praia do Caniçal, has been referred to this taxon. Draconyx was a small bipedal herbivore. Gregory S. Paul in 2010 estimated the length at 3.5 metres, the weight at 150 kilograms.^[3]

Systematics

According to Mateus and Antunes (2001), Draconyx loureiroi is a member of the Iguanodontia, more specifically the Camptosauridae, based on the maxillary teeth, which have a strong vertical primary ridge on the distal side of the labial crown, and the femur, which is curved and has a prominent lesser trochanter. An article in 2022 places Draconyx as a Styracosterna.^[4]

Notes

^ Mateus, Octávio; Telles Antunes, Miguel (2001). "Draconyx loureiroi, a new camptosauridae (Dinosauria, Ornithopoda) from the Late Jurassic of Lourinhã, Portugal" (PDF). Annales de Paléontologie. 87 (1): 61–73. Bibcode:2001AnPal..87...61M. doi:10.1016/S0753-3969(01)88003-4.
^ Waskow, Katja; Mateus, Octavio (2017). "Dorsal rib histology of dinosaurs and a crocodylomorph from western Portugal: Skeletochronological implications on age determination and life history traits". Comptes Rendus Palevol. 16 (4): 425–439. Bibcode:2017CRPal..16..425W. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2017.01.003.
^ Paul, G.S., 2010, The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, Princeton University Press p. 285
^ Rotatori, Filippo Maria; Moreno-Azanza, Miguel; Mateus, Octávio (24 February 2022). "Reappraisal and new material of the holotype of Draconyx loureiroi (Ornithischia: Iguanodontia) provide insights on the tempo and modo of evolution of thumb-spiked dinosaurs". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 195 (1): 125–156. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab113.