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Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Riboviria
Kingdom:	Orthornavirae
Phylum:	Negarnaviricota
Class:	Ellioviricetes
Order:	Bunyavirales
Family:	Hantaviridae
Genus:	Orthohantavirus
Species:	Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus
Member viruses
	Dobrava virus; Kurkino virus; Saaremaa virus; Sochi virus;
Synonyms
	Dobrava-Belgrade hantavirus; Dobrava-Belgrade virus;

Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus (DOBV), also known as Dobrava virus, is an enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus species of Old World Orthohantavirus. It is one of several species of Hantavirus that is the causative agent of severe Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. It was first isolated in 1985 from a yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) found in the village of Dobrava, southeastern Slovenia.^[3]^[4] It was subsequently isolated in striped field mice in Russia and other parts of Eastern Europe. It has also been found in Germany but the reservoir host there is unknown.^[5]

Phylogeny

Four genotypes are described:^[6]

Dobrava, observed mostly in southeastern Europe
Kurkino, observed throughout northern and eastern Europe
Saaremaa, observed in Estonia and Slovakia
Sochi, observed in the Black Sea coast region of Russia

Disease

Clinical presentation varies between the four genotypes. Dobrava is the most virulent, with a case-fatality rate (CFR) of 10 to 12%, followed by Sochi, which has a CFR greater than 6%, then Kurkino, which has a CFR 0.3% to 0.9%, and lastly Saaremaa, which seems to mainly be subclinical as illness has not been reported despite a relatively high rate of seropositivity.^[6]

Natural reservoir

The four genotypes each have their own natural reservoir:^[6]

References

^ Briese, Thomas (July 18, 2016). "In the genus Hantavirus (proposed family Hanta viridae, proposed order Bunyavirales), created 24 new species, abolished 7 species, changed the demarcation criteria, and change the name of the genus to Orthohantavirus; likewise, rename its constituent species" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 30 January 2019.
^ "ICTV Taxonomy history: Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 30 January 2019.
^ Avsic-Zupanc T, Xiao SY, Stojanovic R, Gligic A, van der Groen G, LeDuc JW (Oct 1992). "Characterization of Dobrava virus: a Hantavirus from Slovenia, Yugoslavia". J Med Virol. 38 (2): 132–7. doi:10.1002/jmv.1890380211. PMID 1360999. S2CID 30221111.
^ Likar, Miha (1995). "Mišja mrzlica in virus Dobrava v Sloveniji" [Hemorrhagic Fever and the Dobrava Virus in Slovenia] (PDF). UJMA (in Slovenian) (11): 155–160. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2021-06-21.
^ Schlegel Mathias; Klempa Boris; Auste Brita; Bemmann Margrit; Schmidt-Chanasit Jonas; Büchner Thomas; Groschup Martin H.; Meier Markus; Balkema-Buschmann Anne; Zoller Hinrich; Krüger Detlev H.; Ulrich Rainer G. (2009). "Dobrava-Belgrade Virus Spillover Infections, Germany". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 15 (12): 2017–20. doi:10.3201/eid1512.090923. PMC 3044545. PMID 19961690.
^ ^a ^b ^c Klempa B, Avsic-Zupanc T, Clement J, Dzagurova TK, Henttonen H, Heyman P, Jakab F, Kruger DH, Maes P, Papa A, Tkachenko EA, Ulrich RG, Vapalahti O, Vaheri A (2013). "Complex evolution and epidemiology of Dobrava-Belgrade hantavirus: definition of genotypes and their characteristics". Arch Virol. 158 (3): 521–529. doi:10.1007/s00705-012-1514-5. PMC 3586401. PMID 23090188.