According to the 2022 revision of the world factbook the total population was 1,679,172 in 2022.[1] The proportion of children below the age of 14 in 2020 was 38.73%, 57.35% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.92% was 65 years or older.[1][2]
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Estimates or projections based on the 2015 population census.):[3]
Age Group
Male
Female
Total
%
Total
762 309
692 480
1 454 789
100
0–4
105 834
94 783
200 617
13.79
5–9
95 293
87 387
182 680
12.56
10–14
80 324
67 341
147 665
10.15
15–19
63 880
56 442
120 321
8.27
20–24
55 868
55 468
111 337
7.65
25–29
69 467
57 220
126 687
8.71
30–34
62 193
45 737
107 930
7.42
35–39
51 020
37 076
88 096
6.06
40–44
45 960
34 449
80 409
5.53
45–49
34 786
31 335
66 121
4.55
50–54
32 362
31 237
63 599
4.37
55–59
19 607
22 577
42 183
2.90
60–64
15 812
21 214
37 026
2.55
65–69
10 963
13 040
24 003
1.65
70–74
7 758
13 040
20 798
1.43
75–79
5 987
10 121
16 108
1.11
80–84
2 804
7 201
10 005
0.69
85+
2 393
6 812
9 205
0.63
Age group
Male
Female
Total
Percent
0–14
281 451
249 511
530 962
36.50
15–64
450 953
392 755
843 708
58.00
65+
29 905
50 214
80 119
5.51
Vital statistics
Registration of vital events is in Equatorial Guinea not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.
[2]
Period
Live births per year
Deaths per year
Natural change per year
CBR*
CDR*
NC*
TFR*
IMR*
1950–1955
9 000
7 000
2 000
40.9
30.4
10.5
5.50
196
1955–1960
10 000
7 000
3 000
40.5
28.7
11.8
5.50
186
1960–1965
10 000
7 000
3 000
40.1
26.9
13.3
5.53
176
1965–1970
11 000
7 000
4 000
40.7
25.3
15.3
5.66
167
1970–1975
10 000
6 000
3 000
36.8
23.7
13.1
5.68
157
1975–1980
8 000
5 000
2 000
32.9
22.2
10.8
5.68
149
1980–1985
11 000
6 000
5 000
41.7
21.4
20.3
5.79
138
1985–1990
16 000
7 000
9 000
47.4
20.4
26.9
5.89
128
1990–1995
18 000
8 000
11 000
45.0
18.7
26.3
5.89
118
1995–2000
20 000
8 000
12 000
41.3
17.2
24.0
5.87
114
2000–2005
22 000
9 000
12 000
38.4
16.3
22.1
5.64
111
2005–2010
24 000
10 000
15 000
37.3
15.1
22.2
5.36
102
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)
Fertility and births
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[4]
The majority of the people of Equatorial Guinea are of Niger-Congo origin. The largest ethnic group, the Fang, are indigenous to the mainland, but substantial migration to Bioko Island has resulted in Fang dominance over the earlier Bubi inhabitants. The Fang constitute 80% of the population and are themselves divided into 67 clans. Those in the northern part of Rio Muni speak Fang-Ntumu, while those in the south speak Fang-Okah; the two dialects are mutually unintelligible. The Bubi, who constitute 15% of the population, are indigenous to Bioko Island.
In addition, there are coastal ethnic groups, collectively referred to as Ndowe or Playeros ("Beach People" in Spanish): Combes, Bujebas, Balengues and Bengas on the mainland and small islands and a Fernandino community of Krio descended people on Bioko. Together, these groups compose 5% of the population.
Two small groups of Pygmies also inhabit the country, the Beyele and the Bokuign,[7] the former being located in the Altos de Nsork region.[8] Their population is dwindling, them being subjected to heavy pressure from their neighbours, who don't even consider them as human.[9]
Some Europeans (largely of Spanish or Portuguese descent) – among them mixed with African ethnicity – also live in the nation. Most Spaniards left after independence. There is a growing number of foreigners from neighboring Cameroon, Nigeria, and Gabon. Equatorial Guinea received Asians and black Africans from other countries as workers on cocoa and coffee plantations. In the late 20th century, Equatorial Guinea became home to more than 80,000 Hispanics from Mexico, Central America, and other Spanish speaking nations in the Americas. 17,000[10] Spanish people and 5,000[11] Chinese people also live in Equatorial Guinea. The non-Africans living in Equatorial Guinea represent almost 10% of the nation's total population. Other black Africans came from Liberia, Angola, and Mozambique, and Asians are mostly Chinese with small numbers of Indians. Equatorial Guinea also allowed many fortune-seeking European settlers of other nationalities, including British, French and Germans. After independence, thousands of Equatorial Guineans went to Spain. Another 100,000 Equatorial Guineans went to Cameroon, Gabon, and Nigeria because of dictatorship of Francisco Macías Nguema. Some of its communities also live in Brazil, United States, Spain, Colombia, Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Portugal, and France.
Spanish, French and Portuguese are the official languages and spoken as second languages. Spanish is the language of education, and for this reason a majority of the population (about 88%) can speak it.[12] Annobonese speak a Portuguese Creole, named Annobonese, as their first language. Asian migrants and descendants of European settlers (mostly Spaniards, Britons and Portuguese) usually speak their ancestral languages along with Spanish. Other Africans usually speak their native languages and their nation's official languages – English and Igbo[13][14] for Nigerians; English for Cameroonians and Liberians; French for Cameroonians and Gabonese; and Portuguese for Angolans and Mozambicans. The latter was made an official language since July 13, 2007. 82% of first foreign language learners choose the French language and 18% the English language.[15] The Roman Catholic Church has greatly influenced both religion and education.
Languages of traditional names
Equatoguineans tend to have both a Spanish first name and an African first and last name. When written, the Spanish and African first names are followed by the father's first name (which becomes the principal surname) and the mother's first name. Thus people may have up to four names, with a different surname for each generation.
Other demographic statistics
Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022.[16]
note: 2002 census results claim 1,015,000 residents, although this was most likely inflated in anticipation for the December election.[18]
Languages
Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Portuguese-based Creoles spoken in Ano Bom) 32.4% (1994 est.)
Religions
Roman Catholic 88%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2015 est.)
Roman Catholic 80%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2010 est.)[19]
rate of urbanization: 3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
urban population: 73.1% of total population (2020)
rate of urbanization: 4.28% annual rate of change (2015–20 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female
15–64 years:
0.93 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female
total population:
1 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 63.7 years. Country comparison to the world: 206th
male: 61.44 years
female: 66.03 years (2022 est.)
total population: 65.7 years (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 192nd
male: 64.4 years (2020 est.)
female: 66.9 years (2020 est.)
Literacy
definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)
total population: 95.3% (2015 est.)
male: 97.4% (2015 est.)
female: 93% (2015 est.)
Major infectious diseases
degree of risk: very high (2020)
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
