Dariush Forouhar

Dariush Forouhar
Dariush Forouhar
Minister of Labour
	In office; 13 February 1979 – 29 September 1979
Prime Minister	Mehdi Bazargan
Preceded by	Manouchehr Aryana
Succeeded by	Ali Espahbodi
Minister without Portfolio; for Provincial Inspection
	In office; 29 September 1979 – 6 November 1979
Prime Minister	Mehdi Bazargan
Personal details
Born	18 August 1928; Isfahan, Iran
Died	22 November 1998 (aged 70); Tehran, Iran
Political party	Nation Party of Iran (1951–98); Pan-Iranist Party (1951)
Other political; affiliations	National Front (1951–79)
Spouse	Parvaneh Eskandari
Children	2, including Parastou
Cabinet	Bazargan Cabinet

Dariush Forouhar (Persian: داریوش فروهر; 18 August 1928 – 22 November 1998) was an Iranian pan-Iranist politician and leader of Nation Party of Iran. In 1998, he and his wife were assassinated in their home and among the victims of Chain murders of Iran.

Early life

Forouhar was born on December 28, 1928, in Isfahan, 'Eshafah'. His father was a general in the Army who was arrested in WW2 by the British during the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran after attempting to form an armed resistance.

Career and political activities

According to Ali Razmjoo in Hezb-e-Pan-Iranist, Forouhar was one of the founding members of the original nationalist Pan-Iranist Party of Iran in 1951 with Mohsen Pezeshkpour.^[2] During the Pahlavi era, he had been very active in the anti-Shah nationalist movement and was a strong supporter and close friend of the Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh. In the midst of post-revolutionary tensions in Iranian Kurdistan in 1979, Forouhar was part of a delegation sent by Tehran to negotiate with Kurdish political and religious leaders. Although this delegation's recommendations were never implemented by the central government and Kurdish revolt was dealt with harshly, Forouhar's attempts to reach a peaceful settlement with Kurds earned him respect among Kurds.

Forouhar served as minister of labor in the interim government of Mehdi Bazargan in 1979.^[3]

Death

Forouhar and his wife, Parvaneh Eskandari Forouhar, were overt opponents of Velayet-e-Faqih (clerical theocracy) and under continuous surveillance.^[3] They were assassinated in their home in 1998. The murders, which are believed to have been politically motivated, remain unsolved, although the general belief is that the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence was involved and had ordered the killings.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8] It is thought that the murders were provoked by Forouhar's criticism of human rights abuses by the Islamic Republic in interviews with Western radio stations that beamed Persian-language programs to Iran. This "brought them to the attention of Iran's ubiquitous intelligence service."^[9]

Under pressure from public opinion, the then Iranian president Mohammad Khatami formed a committee to follow up the case, which eventually asked for the resignation of the Minister of Intelligence, Ghorbanali Dorri-Najafabadi. One of the main characters behind the case, Saeed Emami, reportedly committed suicide while in prison.

Shirin Ebadi, the lawyer of the Forouhars' relatives quoting Parastou says: "All evidence shows that my father was preparing himself to go to prison, because at the time of his slaying, his shoes had no laces, he did not wear his wrist watch and had his wallet emptied of its contents and papers except for some money."

Their murders brought to light a pattern known as the chain murders of Iran.

Personal life

Forouhar had two children. Son, Arash, and daughter, Parastou, are both politically active and continue to raise awareness of the plight of political dissidents in Iran. In 2009, Parastou signed an open letter of apology posted to Iranian.com along with 266 other Iranian academics, writers, artists, journalists about the persecution of Baháʼís.^[10]

References

^ Mohammad Heydari (2008), "اخراجی‌های دولت", Shahrvand Magazine (in Persian), no. 43
^ Rubin, Michael; Patrick Clawson (March 2006). "Patterns of Discontent: Will History Repeat in Iran?". Middle East Review of International Affairs. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
^ ^a ^b Alamdari, Kazem (2005). "The Power Structure of the Islamic Republic of Iran: transition from populism to clientelism, and militarization of the government" (PDF). Third World Quarterly. 26 (8): 1285–1301. doi:10.1080/01436590500336690. S2CID 54966626. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2013.
^ iranian.com
^ Forouhar
^ globalsecurity.org
^ globalsecurity.org 1999
^ iranian.com Forouhar 2002
^ Sciolino, Elaine, Persian Mirrors, Touchstone, (2000), p.234, ISBN 0743284798
^ "We are ashamed!". The Iranian. 4 February 2009.

External links

Party political offices
Preceded by Hassan-Ali Saremi Kalali	Secretary-General of the Nation Party of Iran 1953–1998	Succeeded by Khosrow Seif
Vacant Title last held by Mohammad Ali Keshavarz Sadr	Spokesperson of the National Front 1978–1979	Succeeded by Asghar Parsa