Bifid rib

Bifurcated rib
Other names	Bifurcated rib, sternum bifidum
Bifid rib at the right side seen on chest radiograph. The fourth rib splits in two towards the sternal end.
Specialty	Medical genetics

A bifid rib is a congenital abnormality of the rib cage and associated muscles and nerves which occurs in about 1.2% of humans. Bifid ribs occur in up to 8.4% of Samoans.^[1] The sternal end of the rib is cleaved into two. It is usually unilateral.^[2]

Bifid ribs are usually asymptomatic, and are often discovered incidentally by chest X-ray. Effects of this neuroskeletal anomaly can include respiratory difficulties, neurological difficulties, limitations, and limited energy from the stress of needing to compensate for the neurophysiological difficulties. An unstable bifid rib may lead to slipping rib syndrome.^[3]

Another association is with odontogenic keratocysts of the jaw, which may behave aggressively and have a high propensity to recur when treated with simple enucleation and curettage. When seen together, the patient is likely to have nevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin-Goltz syndrome).

See also

• List of radiographic findings associated with cutaneous conditions

References

1. McKinley, Michael; O'Loughlin, Valerie Dean (2008). Human Anatomy (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 214. ISBN 978-0-07-128320-5.
2. Oner, Zulal; Oner, Serkan; Sahin, Necati Emre; Cay, Mahmut (26 January 2023). "Evaluation of congenital rib anomalies with multi-detector computed tomography in the Turkish population". Folia Morphologica. doi:10.5603/FM.a2023.0006. PMID 36794687. S2CID 256899032.
3. Mazzella A, Fournel L, Bobbio A, et al. (2020). "Costal cartilage resection for the treatment of slipping rib syndrome (Cyriax syndrome) in adults". Journal of Thoracic Disease. 12 (1): 10–16. doi:10.21037/jtd.2019.07.83. PMC 6995823. PMID 32055418.