Tus, Iran

"Susia" beralih ke halaman ini. Untuk pemukiman Israel, lihat Susya.
Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang kota kuno. Untuk desa modern di sekitarnya, lihat Tus-e Olya dan Tus-e Sofla.
Kubah Haruniyeh di Tus. Beberapa orang menyatakan bahwa tempat tersebut adalah makam al-Ghazali, namun dipersengketakan.
Makam Ferdowsi di Tus.

Tus (bahasa Persia: طوس Tus atau Tuws), yang juga disebut Tous, Toos atau Tūs, adalah sebuah kota kuno di Provinsi Razavi Khorasan, Iran dekat Mashhad. Bagi bangsa Yunani kuno, kota tersebut dikenal sebagai Susia (bahasa Yunani Kuno: Σούσια). Kota tersebut ditaklukan oleh Aleksander Agung pada 330 SM. Kota tersebut juga dikenal sebagai Tusa.[1]

Tus diambil oleh khalifah Umayyah Abdul al-Malik dan masih berasal di bawah naungan Umayyah sampai 747, saat pasukan Abu Muslim Khorasani mengalahkan gubernur Umayyah pada Revolusi Abbasiyyah.[2] Pada 809, Khalifah Abbasiyah Harun al-Rashid jatuh sakit dan meninggal di Tus, kemudian diistirahatkan di Khorasan.[3] His grave is located in the region.[4]

Tus hampir seluruhnya dihancurkan oleh penaklukan Mongol antara 1220 dan 1259.

Orang paling terkenal yang berasal dari wilayah tersebut adalah teolog, yuris, filsuf dan mistikus al-Ghazali. Yang lainnya adalah penyair Ferdowsi, pengarang epik Persia Shahnameh, yang mausoleum-nya, yang dibangun pada 1934 selama se-milenium kelahirannya, mendominasi kota tersebut. Pemukim Tus terkenal lainnya meliputi polimatik awal Jābir ibn Hayyān; penyair Asadi Tusi; vizier Seljuk berkuasa Nizam al-Mulk; polimatik abad pertengahan Nasir al-Din al-Tusi; dan Ulama Syiah Dua Belas Imam Abu Ja'far Tusi.

Lihat pula

  • Al-Tusi - seorang deskriptor yang digunakan untuk orang-orang yang dikaitkan dengan Tus
  • Istana Tus

Referensi

  1. ^ Keall, E., M. Roaf, R. Talbert, T. Elliott, S. Gillies. "Places: 952108 (Tusa/Sousia)". Pleiades. Diakses tanggal January 5, 2015. 
  2. ^ Tus, V. Minorsky, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. X, ed. P.J. Bearman, T. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs, (Brill, 2000), 741.
  3. ^ The Court of the Caliphs by Hugh N Kennedy (ISBN 0-297-83000-7)
  4. ^ Hudud al-Alam translated by V. Minorsky (SBN 7189 -2-1 7)

Pranala luar

36°27′15″N 59°34′01″E / 36.45417°N 59.56694°E / 36.45417; 59.56694

Templat:Kabupaten Mashhad

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