Teori sistem ekologi

Teori sistem ekologi adalah teori yang dikembangkan oleh Urie Bronfenbrenner yang fokus utamanya adalah pada konteks sosial di mana anak tinggal dan orang-orang yang memengaruhi perkembangan anak.[1]

Lima sistem lingkungan

Terdapat lima sistem lingkungan yang merentang dari interaksi interpersonal sampai ke pengaruh budaya yang lebih luas.[1] Bronfenbrenner menyebut sistem-sistem itu sebagai mikrosistem, mesosistem, eksosistem, makrosistem, dan kronosistem.[2]

Evaluasi teori Bronfenbrenner

Piaget, pencetus teori yang melawan teori ekologi Bronfenbrenner

Para pengkritik teori Bronfenbrenner mengatakan bahwa teorinya tidak banyak memberi perhatian kepada faktor biologis dan kogitif dalam perkembangan anak.[1] Para pengkritik menunjukkan bahwa teori tersebut tidak membahas perubahan perkembangan bertahap dari teori-teori seperti teori Piaget dan Erikson.[1]

Referensi

  1. ^ a b c d Santrock, J. W. Psikologi Pendidikan, Jakarta: Kencana, 2010, hal. 84-86/.
  2. ^ Bronfenbrenner, U. Ecological Theory. Encyclopedia of Psychology, New York: American Pychological Asociation and Oxford University Press.

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