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R&B

R&B (ditulis juga RnB, merupakan singkatan dari Rhythm and Blues) adalah genre musik populer yang menggabungkan jazz, gospel, dan blues, aliran jenis ini pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh pemusik Afrika-Amerika. Istilah ini pertama kali dipakai sebagai istilah pemasaran dalam musik di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1947 oleh Jerry Wexler yang bekerja pada majalah Billboard.[1] Istilah ini RnB menggantikan istilah musik ras dan kategori Billboard Harlem Hit Parade pada Juni 1949.[2] Tahun 1948, RCA Victor memasarkan musik kulit hitam dengan nama Blues and Rhythm. Frasa tersebut dibalik oleh Wexler di Atlantic Records, yang menjadi perusahaan rekaman yang memimpin bidang R&B pada tahun-tahun awal. Dan sekarang aliran jenis RnB ini paling digemari diseluruh dunia.[1]

Sejarah

Tahun 1940-an

Pada tahun 1948, perusahaan rekaman RCA Victor memasarkan musik kaum kulit hitam yang disebut Blues and Rhythm. Pada tahun yang sama, Louis Jordan mendominasi lima besar tangga lagu R&B dengan tiga lagu, dan dua dari lagunya berdasar pada ritme boogie-woogie yang terkenal pada tahun 1940-an. Band Jordan, Tympany Five (1938) terdiri dari dirinya sebagai vokal dan pemain saksofon beserta musisi-musisi lain sebagai pemain trompet, saksofon tenor, piano, bas, dan drum.

Referensi

  1. ^ a b Sacks,Leo(Aug. 29, 1993). "The Soul of Jerry Wexler". New York Times. Retrieved on Jan. 11, 2007.
  2. ^ Cohn, Lawrence: "Nothing But the Blues" page 314, 1993


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