Peluru kendali balistik berbasis kapal selam

M45 SLBM dan M51 SLBM Prancis
Perbandingan SLBM (Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles). Dari kiri ke kanan: SS-N-8 (USSR), SS-N-18 (USSR), SS-N-20 (USSR), SS-N-23 (USSR), CSS-NX-3 (China), JL-2 (China).

Peluru kendali balistik berbasis kapal selam atau dalam bahasa Inggris: submarine-launched ballistic missiles disingkat SLBM adalah peluru kendali balistik yang membawa hulu ledak nuklir yang ditembakkan dari kapal selam. Jenis terbaru membawa MIRV yang masing-masing membawa hulu ledaknya sendiri yang memungkinkan sebuah misil tetapi dapat menghancurkan beberapa target sekaligus.

Uji coba sukses pertama peluncuran rudal balistik berbasis kapal selam dilakukan oleh U-boat Jerman pada Perang Dunia II menggunakan menara peluncuran di atas sebuah kapal selam. Pada tahap perkembangan awal, rudal jenis ini mengharuskan kapal selam untuk muncul di permukaan sebelum dapat menembakkan rudal. Setelah Perang Dunia II, dikembangkan sistem peluncuran yang memungkinkan peluncuran dari kapal selam yang sedang berada di bawah air. Uni Soviet pada 1955 merupakan negara pertama yang sukses meluncurkan rudal balistik dari sebuah kapal selam.

Rudal balistik berbasis kapal selam telah menjadi kepentingan strategis bagi Amerika Serikat dan Rusia sejak masa Perang Dingin dikarenakan sifatnya yang dapat bersembunyi dari satelit dan dapat merapat ke perairan musuh kemudian menembakkan senjata nuklir tanpa peringatan.

Daftar SLBM

Beberapa foto menampilkan sebuah SLBM Trident C4 dan peluncurannya

Beberapa SLBM dari sejumlah negara:

Kapal selam peluncur misil balistik

Beberapa jenis kapal selam peluncur misil balistik dari sejumlah negara:

Lihat pula

Pranala luar

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