Operasi Alsos

Operasi Alsos atau Misi Alsos adalah upaya terarah dari tim gabungan kalangan militer, ilmiah dan intelijen Amerika Serikat untuk menyelidiki dan menghambat perkembangan ilmu dan teknologi di negara-negara musuhnya pada Perang Dunia II. Fokus utamanya adalah proyek senjata nuklir Jerman, tetapi operasi ini juga menyelidiki pengembangan senjata kimia dan biologi serta cara-cara penggunaan senjata tersebut.

Operasi ini dimulai setelah Invasi Italia oleh Sekutu pada September 1943 dengan tujuan ganda: mencari personel, catatan, bahan-bahan dan lokasi-lokasi untuk diselidiki serta mencegah jatuhnya sumber daya tersebut ke tangan Uni Soviet. Operasi ini diadakan sebagai bagian dari Proyek Manhattan yang bertugas mengoordinasikan informasi intelijen terkait aktivitas nuklir negara-negara Blok Poros. Anggota operasi Alsos bertugas dekat garis depan di Italia, Perancis, dan Jerman, bahkan kadang menyusupi wilayah yang masih diduduki musuh untuk mengamankan berbagai sumber daya sebelum dapat dirusak atau jatuh ke tangan Soviet.

Referensi

Beck, Alfred M.; Bortz, Abe; Lynch, Charles; Mayo, Lida; Weld, Ralph F. (1985). The Corps of Engineers: The War Against Germany (PDF). United States Army in World War II: The Technical Services. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 455982008. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2018-10-16. Diakses tanggal 20 December 2016.
Bernstein, Jeremy (2001). Hitler's Uranium Club: The Secret Recordings at Farm Hall. New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-0-387-95089-1. OCLC 932453089.
Goudsmit, Samuel A. (1947). Alsos. New York: Henry Schuman. ISBN 0-938228-09-9. OCLC 8805725. eBook version published by Plunkett Lake Press in 2017. ASIN B075WCCQBN
Garland, Albert N.; Smyth, Howard McGaw (1965). Sicily and the Surrender of Italy (PDF). United States Army in World War II: The War in the Mediterranean. Washington D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 396186. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2020-05-08. Diakses tanggal 20 December 2016.
Groves, Leslie (1962). Now it Can be Told: The Story of the Manhattan Project. New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 0-306-70738-1. OCLC 537684.
Hinsley, F. H.; Thomas, E. E.; Simkins, C. A. G.; Ransom, C. F. G. (1988). British Intelligence in the Second World War, Volume 3, Part 2: Its Influence on Strategy and Operations. London: HMSO. ISBN 0-11-630940-7.
Home, R. W.; Low, Morris F. (September 1993). "Postwar Scientific Intelligence Missions to Japan". Isis. University of Chicago Press on behalf of History of Science Society. 84 (3): 527–537. doi:10.1086/356550. JSTOR 235645.
Jacobsen, Annie (2015). Operation Paperclip: The Secret Intelligence Program that Brought Nazi Scientists to America. New York: Little, Brown. ISBN 978-0-316-27744-0. OCLC 931886431.
Jones, R . V. (1978). Most Secret War. London: Hamilton. ISBN 0-241-89746-7. OCLC 3717534.
Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-10-07. Diakses tanggal 25 February 2012.
Mahoney, Leo J. (1981). A History of the War Department Scientific Intelligence Mission (ALSOS), 1943–1945 (Tesis Ph.D.). Kent State University. OCLC 223804966.
Pash, Boris (1969). The Alsos Mission. New York: Charter Books. OCLC 568716894.
Warren, Dr John C. (1956). Airborne Operations in World War II, European Theater (PDF). Air University, Maxwell AFB: US Air Force Historical Research Agency. USAF Historical Study 97. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 24 June 2016. Diakses tanggal 13 February 2012.

l b s Proyek Manhattan
Garis waktu
Tempat	Berkeley Radiation Laboratory Clinton Engineer Works Dayton Project Hanford Engineer Works Laboratorium Nasional Los Alamos Laboratorium Montreal Inyokern Trinity Test Site Wendover Heavy water sites
Pengurus	Vannevar Bush Arthur Compton James Conant Priscilla Duffield Thomas Farrell Leslie Groves John Lansdale Ernest Lawrence James Marshall Franklin Matthias Dorothy McKibbin Kenneth Nichols Robert Oppenheimer Deak Parsons William Purnell Frank Spedding Charles Thomas Paul Tibbets Bud Uanna Harold Urey Stafford Warren Roscoe Wilson
Ilmuwan	Luis Alvarez Robert Bacher Hans Bethe Aage Bohr Niels Bohr Norris Bradbury James Chadwick Charles Critchfield Harry Daghlian Enrico Fermi Richard Feynman Val Fitch James Franck Klaus Fuchs Maria Goeppert-Mayer George Kistiakowsky George Koval Willard Libby Edwin McMillan Mark Oliphant Norman Ramsey James Rainwater Bruno Rossi Glenn Seaborg Emilio G. Segrè Louis Slotin Henry DeWolf Smyth Leo Szilard Edward Teller Stanisław Ulam Eugene Wigner Robert Wilson Leona Woods
Operasi	Misi Alsos Pengeboman Hiroshima dan Nagasaki Operasi Crossroads Operasi Peppermint Project Alberta Silverplate 509th Composite Group Enola Gay Bockscar The Great Artiste
Senjata	Fat Man Little Boy Bom labu Thin Man
Topik terkait	Proses Ames Armed Forces Special Weapons Project Atomic Energy Act of 1946 Sumbangan Britania Raya Calutron Inti setan Einstein–Szilárd letter Interim Committee Sidang dengar pendapat keamanan Oppenheimer Plutonium Eksperimen RaLa S-1 Uranium Committee Laporan Smyth Uranium
Proyek Manhattan

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