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Input to a cryptographic primitive In cryptography, an initialization vector (IV) or starting variable[1] is an input to a cryptographic primitive being used to provide the initial state. The IV is typically required to be random or pseudorandom, but sometimes an IV only needs to be unpredictable or unique. Randomization is crucial for some encryption schemes to achieve semantic security, a property whereby repeated usage of the scheme under the same key does not allow an attacker to ...

У Вікіпедії є статті про: свята Марина та свята Маргарита. Марина / Маргарита Свята Маргарита (1518, Рафаель)Народилася 304(0304)Антіохія, ПісідіяПомерла 4 грудня 267 / 306Антіохія, Пісідія·обезголовленняШанується католицизм, православ'яУ лику великомученицяДень пам'яті 13 ли

سيباستيان دوباربيير (بالإسبانية: Sebastián Dubarbier)‏  معلومات شخصية الميلاد 19 فبراير 1986 (العمر 37 سنة)لابلاتا الطول 1.77 م (5 قدم 9 1⁄2 بوصة) مركز اللعب نصف الجناح  [لغات أخرى]‏  الجنسية الأرجنتين إيطاليا  مسيرة الشباب سنوات فريق جيمناسيا لابلاتا المسيرة ال�...

Cet article est une ébauche concernant un parc national. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Parc national de HelvetinjärviHelvetinkoluGéographiePays  FinlandeRégion PirkanmaaCommune RuovesiCoordonnées 62° 05′ 04″ N, 23° 45′ 04″ EVille proche Virrat, Parkano, TampereSuperficie 49,5 km2AdministrationType Parc nationalCatégorie UICN IIWDPA 7497Cré...

Office building in Manhattan, New York Madison Belmont BuildingGeneral informationTypeOfficesArchitectural styleNeoclassicalLocation181–183 Madison Avenue, New York City, USCoordinates40°44′51″N 73°58′58″W / 40.74750°N 73.98278°W / 40.74750; -73.98278Construction started1924Completed1925HeightRoof228 feet (69 m)Technical detailsFloor count18Floor area233,484 sq ft (21,691.4 m2)Design and constructionArchitect(s)Warren & WetmoreRefe...

برلمان باهاماس البلد باهاماس  الأعضاء 54   تعديل مصدري - تعديل   برلمان باهاماس (بالإنجليزية: Parliament of the Bahamas)‏ هو الهيئة التشريعية في باهاماس، ويتكون من 54 مقعداً، يقع المقر الرئيسي له في ناساو، يتكون من المجلس الأعلى Senate of the Bahamas [الإنجليزية]‏ الذي يضم 16

New York Spanish-language news channel This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: NY1 Noticias – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Television channel NY1 NoticiasCountryUnited StatesBroadcast areaNew York metropolitan areaNe...

Canadian filmmaker David RidgenBornStratford, Ontario, CanadaOccupationFilmmakerYears active1989–present[1]Employer(s)CBCRidgen Film Corporation[2]Websiteridgenfilm.com David Ridgen is an independent Canadian filmmaker born in Stratford, Ontario.[3] He has worked for CBC Television, MSNBC, NPR, TVOntario and others. He is currently the writer, producer and host of CBC Radio’s true-crime podcast series, Someone Knows Something and The Next Call.[4] Earl...

Cet article possède un paronyme, voir Université ouverte. Université ouverteHistoireFondation 1969StatutType Université publique de formation à distance, université ouverteNom officiel The Open UniversityRégime linguistique AnglaisFondateur Harold WilsonDevise « Learn and Live » « Apprendre et vivre »Membre de EADTU, MSACSSite web www.open.ac.ukChiffres-clésÉtudiants Environ 180 000LocalisationPays Royaume-UniVille Milton Keynes (siège)Localisation sur l...

Tennis tournamentBrussels OpenDefunct tennis tournamentFounded2011Abolished2013Editions3LocationBrusselsBelgiumVenueRoyal Primerose Tennis ClubCategoryPremierSurfaceClay / outdoorDraw30S / 16DPrize moneyUS$ 235,000 Brussels Open The Brussels Open, unofficially also known as Open de Bruxelles, was a professional women's tennis tournament on the WTA Tour held in Brussels, Belgium. It was first held in 2011, replacing the Warsaw Open.[1] The 2013 edition was held May 20–25 at the ...

2015 studio album by The Winery Dogs Hot StreakStudio album by The Winery DogsReleasedOctober 2, 2015GenreHard rockLength65:48[1]LabelThree Dog MusicProducerThe Winery DogsThe Winery Dogs chronology The Winery Dogs(2013) Hot Streak(2015) Dog Years(2017) Hot Streak is the second album by the American hard rock supergroup The Winery Dogs. It was released on October 2, 2015,[1] but was premiered on September 29 on AllMusic.[2] Commenting on the record, guitarist and v...

1987 studio album by GowanGreat Dirty WorldStudio album by GowanReleased1987Recorded1987StudioProducers Studios, Los Angeles, CaliforniaGenrePop, soft rockLength41:39LabelColumbiaProducerDavid TickleGowan chronology Strange Animal(1985) Great Dirty World(1987) Lost Brotherhood(1990) Singles from Great Dirty World Moonlight Desires[1]Released: March 1987 Awake The Giant[2]Released: June 1987 Living in the Golden Age[3]Released: 1987 2012 remastered cover Profess...

Railway station in Ontario, Canada St. CatharinesGeneral informationLocation5 Great Western StreetSt. Catharines, OntarioCanadaCoordinates43°08′52″N 79°15′23″W / 43.14778°N 79.25639°W / 43.14778; -79.25639Platforms1 side platformTracks2Connections  St. Catharines TransitConstructionStructure typeUnstaffed stationParkingYesBicycle facilitiesCovered bicycle rackAccessibleYesOther informationStation codeAmtrak: SCAGO Transit: SCTHVia Rail: SCATFa...

Dutch settlement (1624–1664) This article is about the settlement that became New York City. For other uses, see New Amsterdam (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: New Amsterdam – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this temp...

Acacia glaucoptera Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Plantae (tanpa takson): Angiospermae (tanpa takson): Eudikotil (tanpa takson): Rosidae Ordo: Fabales Famili: Fabaceae Genus: Acacia Spesies: A. glaucoptera Nama binomial Acacia glaucopteraBenth.[1] Acacia glaucoptera adalah spesies akasia yang endemik di barat daya Australia Barat. Spesies ini merupakan semak tersebar atau tegak yang tingginya berkisar dari 0,3 meter sampai 1,2 meter, dan lebar mencapai 2 meter. Spesies ini menghasi...

JabaliTrinity – Brahma, Vishnu, Maheshwara or ShivaDevanagariजबालिIASTjābāliTitle meansA Vedic sageTypeShaivaLinked VedaSamavedaChapters1PhilosophyShaivism Part of a series onShaivism DeitiesParamashiva(Supreme being) Shiva Sadasiva Bhairava Rudra Virabhadra Shakti Parvati Sati Durga Kali Ganesha Kartikeya Forms of Shiva Others Scriptures and texts Vedas Agama-Tantras Shivasutras Tirumurai Vachanas Svetasvatara Philosophy Three Components Pati Pashu Pasam Three bondages Anava Ka...

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أغسطس 2023) لا خوف بعد اليوممعلومات عامةالصنف الفني فيلم وثائقي تاريخ الصدور 2011مدة العرض 72 دقيقة[1] اللغة الأصلية ‍العربيةالبلد  تونسالطاقمالمخرج مراد بن الشيخت...

جامعة بنها الأهلية معلومات الموقع الجغرافي إحداثيات 30°14′39″N 31°27′27″E / 30.24415911316°N 31.457450831164°E / 30.24415911316; 31.457450831164  المدينة العبور البلد مصر إحصاءات الموقع https://bnu.bu.edu.eg تعديل مصدري - تعديل   جامعة بنها الأهلية هي جامعة أهلية غير هادفة للربح وتهتم بالتميز في ال�...

Systemic criticism of Tesla, Inc. and its products and leadership Protest against the building of a Tesla Gigafactory on February 22, 2020 This article is part of a series aboutElon Musk Awards and honors Views Filmography Companies Zip2 X.com PayPal SpaceX Starlink Tesla, Inc. Energycriticismlitigation OpenAI Neuralink The Boring Company Thud X Corp. Twitteracquisitiontenure as owner xAI In popular culture Elon Musk (Isaacson) Elon Musk (Vance) Ludicrous Power Play Members Only The Platonic ...

Operación München Parte de Frente Oriental durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial Mapa de los movimientos llevados a cabo por los rumanos en la Operación München Archivo:Bess7.JPGFecha 2 - 26 de julio de 1941Lugar Besarabia, Bukovina, Región de HertsaResultado Victoria del EjeBeligerantes Unión Soviética Reino de Rumania Alemania nazi Comandantes Yákov Cherevichenko Ivan Tyulenev Pavel Ponedelin Ion Antonescu Nicolae Ciupercă Petre Dumitrescu Eugen von Schobert Filipp Oktyabrsky Horia Mac...