Larutan garam fisiologi

Cairan infus.

Larutan garam fisiologi merupakan larutan isotonis yang memiliki banyak kegunaan dalam bidang medis dan laboratorium, dan umumnya larutan garam fisiologi memiliki kisaran konsentrasi 0.9% (b/v) NaCl.[1]

Berbagai kegunaan larutan garam fisiologi:

Dalam menghitung jumlah mikrob seperti bakteri, perlu dilakukan pengenceran. Sesuai dengan perhitungan CFU (Colony Forming Unit) yaitu 30 ≤ jumlah bakteri ≤300.[2] Bila jumlah bakteri < 30 maka tidak dapat dihitung secara statistik, bila >300 akan sangat sulit untuk dihitung secara manual.[2]
  • Cairan infus
Cairan infus yang digunakan oleh pasien yang terdiri dari campuran garam-garam lainnya.[3] Cairan garam dapat digunakan secara intravena untuk menyediakan cairan untuk merehidrasi pasien ataupun menyediakan cairan harian dan kebutuhan garam yang mungkin tidak dapat dipenuhi secara oral.[1] Karena memasukkan cairan yang memiliki osmolalitas yang rendah dapat menyebabkan masalah, sehingga terkadang ditambahkan glukosa untuk menjaga osmolalitas.[1] Cairan infus diberikan pada pasien-pasien yang membutuhkan cairan dalam jumlah besar seperti penderita diare atau gagal jantung.[1] Cairan garam juga dapat mencuci luka dan menurunkan gejala-gejala demam.[1]

Referensi

  1. ^ a b c d e (Inggris) Prough, DS; Bidani, A (1999). Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis is a predictable consequence of intraoperative infusion of 0.9% saline. Anesthesiology 90 (5): 1247–1249.
  2. ^ a b c (Inggris) Lay BW. 1994. Analisis Mikrob di Laboratorium. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
  3. ^ (Inggris) Drugs.com. Balanced salt solution [terhubung berkala]. http://www.drugs.com/pro/balanced-salt-solution.html [14 Jun 2013].

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