Kemandulan pada pria

Infertilitas pada pria mengacu pada ketidakmampuan seorang pria untuk menyebabkan kehamilan pada seorang wanita fertil ("subur") setelah 1 tahun hubungan seksual tanpa kontrasepsi.[1][sumber mendukung?] Infertilitas pada pasangan bisa multifaktorial dan mungkin termasuk:

  • faktor infertilitas pria saja sekitar 30%
  • gangguan ovulasi sekitar 25%
  • faktor tuba sekitar 20%
  • gangguan rahim atau peritoneal sekitar 10%
  • kombinasi faktor pria dan perempuan sekitar 40%
  • tidak bisa dijelaskan (tidak teridentifikasi penyebab pria atau perempuan) sekitar 25%

Definisi

  • Azoospermia didefinisikan sebagai tidak adanya sel sperma sama sekali saat ejakulasi.
  • Oligozoospermia (oligospermia) didefinisikan penurunan jumlah sel sperma, ditandai dengan spermatozoa < 15 juta/mL (sedangkan oligozoospermia parah ditandai dengan spermatozoa < 1 juta/mL).
  • Asthenozoospermia (asthenospermia) yaitu menurunnya motilitas sperma, ditandai dengan < 32% spermatozoa motil.
  • Teratozoospermia yaitu banyak bentuk abnormal dari sperma, ditandai dengan < 4% bentuk yang normal
  • Sindrom oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia (OAT) ditandai dengan kombinasi kelainan sperma
  • Infertilitas faktor pria ringan, istilah yang digunakan secara luas dalam praktik tapi tidak didefinisikan secara formal, didefinisikan dalam garis pedoman National Health and Care Excellence (NICE) sebagai ≥ 2 analisis semen dengan ≥ 1 variabel dibawah 5 persentil.[2]

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Hwang K, Walters RC, Lipshultz LI (2011). "Contemporary concepts in the evaluation and management of male infertility". Nat Rev Urol. 8 (2): 86–94. doi:10.1038/nrurol.2010.230. PMC 3654691alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 21243017. 
  2. ^ DynaMed Plus [Internet]. Ipswich (MA): EBSCO Information Services. 1995 - . Record No. 902812, Infertility in men; [updated 2016 May 31, access 2016 June 10th]; [about 29 screens]. Available from http://www.dynamed.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=DynaMed&id=902812. Registration and login required.

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