Jembatan U Bein


U Bein's Bridge
U Bein Bridge
Koordinat21°53′29″N 96°3′22″E / 21.89139°N 96.05611°E / 21.89139; 96.05611
Moda transportasi1 Lane
MelintasiTaung Tha Man Lake
LokalAmarapura Township, Myanmar
Nama resmiU Bein Bridge, Amarapura
Nama lainTaung Tha Man Bridge
Karakteristik
DesainWooden Foot Bridge (Teak Bridge)
Panjang totalFoot bridge 3.967 ft (1.209 m) or 482 spans or 0.75 miles (1.2 km) (total bridge)
Lebar1 traffic lane
Sejarah
Mulai dibangun1849
Selesai dibangun1851
Lokasi
PetaKoordinat: 21°53′24″N 96°3′36″E / 21.89000°N 96.06000°E / 21.89000; 96.06000
Jembatan U Bein, Januari 2010
Jembatan U Bein, Maret 2008
Jembatan U Bein, November 2005

Jembatan U Bein (bahasa Burma: ဦးပိန် တံတား) adalah sebuah jembatan yang melintasi Danau Taungthaman yang dekat dari Amarapura di Myanmar. Jembatan sepanjang 12-kilometer (7,5 mi) itu dibangun sekitar tahun 1850 dan diyakini menjadi jembatan kayu jati yang tertua dan terpanjang di dunia.[1][2][3] Pembangunan dimulai ketika ibu dari Ava Raya pindah ke Amarapura,[4] dan jembatan ini dinamai dengan nama bupati yang membangunnya.[5] Jembatan ini digunakan sebagai jalan akses bagi orang-orang setempat dan juga telah menjadi daya tarik wisata dan oleh karena itu sumber pendapatan yang cukup signifikan bagi penjual souvenir[1][5][6][7] terutama selama bulan juli dan agustus ketika permukaan air danau ini di level tertinggi.[8]

Jembatan itu dibangun dari kayu dari bekas istana kerajaan di Inwa. Terdiri dari 1,086 pilar yang meregangkan keluar dari air, beberapa di antaranya telah diganti dengan beton. Meskipun jembatan sebagian besar tetap utuh, ada kekhawatiran pilar-pilar yang sudah cukup lama terendam air menjadi berbahaya jika telah rapuh.[1]

Dari 1 April 2009, delapan personil kepolisian telah dikerahkan untuk menjaga jembatan. Kehadiran mereka bertujuan untuk mengurangi perilaku anti-sosial dan mencegah kegiatan kriminal, dengan penangkapan pertama datang pada bulan September 2013 ketika dua orang dilaporkan untuk melecehkan wisatawan.[8]

Konstruksi

Jembatan U Bein, januari 2016

Konstruksi dimulai pada tahun 1849 dan selesai pada tahun 1851. Insinyur Myanmar menggunakan metode tradisional dalam skala dan pengukuran untuk membangun jembatan. Menurut sejarah buku-buku tentang Jembatan U Bein, insinyur Myanmar membuat skala dengan menghitung langkah kaki.

Desain dan Struktur

Jembatan itu dibangun dalam bentuk kurva di tengah untuk menahan serangan dari angin dan air. Utama kayu jati posting dipalu ke danau tempat tidur tujuh meter. Ujung lain dari tulisan yang berbentuk kerucut untuk memastikan bahwa air hujan yang jatuh dengan mudah. Sendi yang terkait.

Awalnya, ada 984 jati posts mendukung jembatan dan dua pendekatan bata jembatan. Kemudian dua pendekatan bata jembatan digantikan oleh kayu oprit jembatan. Ada empat kayu paviliun pada interval yang sama sepanjang jembatan. Dengan menambahkan posting dari dua pendekatan jembatan dan empat paviliun, jumlah posting jumlah 1089.

Ada sembilan lorong-lorong di jembatan, di mana lantai dapat diangkat untuk membiarkan kapal dan tongkang lulus. Ada sama sekali 482 bentang dan total panjang jembatan adalah 3967 kaki atau ¾ mil.

Referensi

  1. ^ a b c Phyo Wai Kyaw; Than Naing Soe (24 June 2013).
  2. ^ "Oldest teak bridge" Diarsipkan 2012-02-27 di Wayback Machine..
  3. ^ "Myanmar – The Big Picture".
  4. ^ "U Bein's Bridge".
  5. ^ a b "Amarapura and U Bein Bridge".
  6. ^ "U Bein Bridge, U Bein Bridge Myanmar, U Bein Bridge Travel Guide & Tours" Diarsipkan 2013-03-24 di Wayback Machine..
  7. ^ "U Bein Bridge, Myanmar (Burma)" Diarsipkan 2004-02-20 di Wayback Machine.. www.peace-on-earth.org.
  8. ^ a b Si Thu Lwin (9 September 2013).

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