Ashikaga Yoshiharu

Ashikaga Yoshiharu

Ashikaga Yoshiharu (足利 義晴) (足利 義晴, 2 April 1511 – 20 Mei 1550) merupakan shōgun kedua belas dari keshogunan Ashikaga yang memegang tampuk kekuasaan tertinggi dari tahun 1521 hingga 1546 selama akhir periode Muromachi Jepang.[1] Ia adalah putra dari shōgun kesebelas Ashikaga Yoshizumi. Nama kecilnya adalah Kameomaru (亀王丸).

  • 1 Mei 1521 (Daiei 1, hari ke-25 bulan ke-3): Setelah syogun kesepuluh Ashikaga Yoshitane dan Hosokawa Takakuni berjuang untuk berkuasa atas keshogunan dan Yoshitane mengundurkan diri ke Pulau Awaji, jalannya jelas bagi Minamoto-no Yoshiharu untuk ditempatkan sebagai syogun.[2]
  • 1521 (Daiei 1, bulan ke-6): Yoshiharu memasuki Kyoto.
  • 1526 (Daiei 6, 12 bulan): Shōgun Yoshiharu mengundang pemanah dari provinsi tetangga untuk datang ke ibu kota untuk kontes memanah.[3]

Tidak memiliki kekuatan politik dan berulang kali dipaksa keluar dari ibu kota Kyoto, Yoshiharu pensiun pada 1546 karena pertarungan politik antara Miyoshi Nagayoshi dan Hosokawa Harumoto membuat putranya Ashikaga Yoshiteru syogun ketiga belas.

  • 20 Mei 1550 (Tenbun 19, hari ke-4 bulan ke-5): Yoshiharu meninggal.[4]
  • 1568 (Eiroku 11): Didukung oleh Oda Nobunaga, putra Ashikaga Yoshiaki menjadi syogun kelima belas.

Dari perspektif barat, Yoshiharu adalah penting, karena ia syogun pada tahun 1542, ketika kontak pertama Jepang dengan Eropa Barat terjadi. Sebuah kapal portugis, tertiup angin menuju Tiongkok, mendarat di Jepang.

Keluarga

  • Ayahanda: Ashikaga Yoshizumi
  • Ibunda: Hino Akiko
  • Istri: Keijuin (1514-1565),
  • Selir:
    • Oodate putri Tsuneoki
  • Keturunan:
    • Ashikaga Yoshiaki oleh Keijuin
    • Ashikaga Yoshiteru oleh Keijuin
    • Ashikaga Shuko (†1565)
    • Shiratori Yoshihisa (†1547)
    • putri menikah dengan Takeda Yoshimune
    • putri menikah dengan Miyoshi Yoshitsugu
    • putri menikah dengan Karasume Kosen
    • Biarawati di kuil Hyokoji

Beberapa peristiwa di bakufu Yoshiharu

Peristiwa penting membentuk periode di mana Yoshiharu adalah shōgun:[5]

  • 1521 – Hosokawa Takakuni memerintahkan Yoshiharu ditunjuk sebagai shōgun.
  • 1526 – Pemberontak Kasai, pemberontak Miyoshi: Go-Nara berhasil.
  • 1528 – Yoshiharu diusir oleh Miyoshi Nagamoto.
  • 1533 – Pemberontakan Ikkō.
  • 1536 – Go-Nara bertakhta.
  • 1538 – Pertikaian dalam keluarga Koga Kubō.
  • 1546 – Yoshiharu melarikan diri ke Ōmi; putranya, Yoshiteru, ditunjuk sebagai shōgun di pengasingan.

Era di bakufu Yoshiharu

Tahun-tahun di mana Yoshiharu adalah shōgun lebih khusus diidentifikasi oleh lebih dari satu nama zaman atau nengō.[6]

  • Daiei (1521-1528)
  • Kyōroku (1528-1532)
  • Tenbun (1532-1555)

Catatan

  1. ^ Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982). Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron, p. 332.
  2. ^ Titsingh, p. 371., hlm. 371, pada Google Books
  3. ^ Titsingh, p. 373., hlm. 373, pada Google Books
  4. ^ Titsingh, p. 379., hlm. 379, pada Google Books
  5. ^ Ackroyd, p. 331.
  6. ^ Titsingh, pp. 370–378., hlm. 370, pada Google Books

Referensi

Didahului oleh:
Ashikaga Yoshitane 		Shōgun:
Ashikaga Yoshiharu
1521–1546 		Diteruskan oleh:
Ashikaga Yoshiteru

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