,或称餐饭餐點膳食,指在一定时间内吃进的食物

吃饭地点通常会在饭馆食堂或任何地方。做饭工具称作厨具,常见的有、炉、烤箱等。

图片

餐的種類

两餐和三餐,是常见的进餐次数。现今中国等地,一天之内通常会进餐三次:即早饭午饭晚饭。餐可以在任何時間和位置進行,這是因為地區的不同而有所差異。早餐通常一個人在早上醒來所吃的小食。晚餐則是在晚上吃的一頓飯之前。下午茶是一個午後餐,通常吃比較清淡的食物,如三明治蛋糕

两餐制

遠古時代并无定时用餐的观念,班固《白虎通義》云:「飢即求食,飽則棄餘」即描述此情景。

先秦时代起,中国民众普遍实行两餐制。商朝时,两进餐时段分别叫“大食”(上午7时至9时)、“小食”(下午15时至17时);或是第一顿饭称“朝食”,又称“饔”,第二顿饭称“餔食”,又称“飧”。由于朝食是最重要的主餐,故称大食;朝食的饭都是现做的熟食,所以称饔;餔食则大多简单,往往吃朝食剩下的食物,故称飧。

汉代将进餐时段称为“食时”、“晡时”,对应“辰时”、“申时”。

三餐制

三餐制是特权阶层的饮食制度,最早是周王额外的“燕食”,秦汉贵族也有三餐制;而一日三餐的民间饮食风俗,始于魏晋以后,隋唐更为普及,“中餐”、“午饭”等词汇出现于当时的诗文中。

宋朝时,经济科技更为发达,城市宵禁制度解除,夜行时间变长而直接促成了夜市的繁荣,有了在天黑之后再添加一餐的需求,推动了平民三餐制的普及[1]

参考文献

  1. ^ 中国人“三餐制”的由来. 青海日报数字报刊. 2013-10-18 [2015-12-31]. (原始内容存档于2018-05-02) (简体中文). 页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

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