^Ebrahim-zadeh, Christine. Back to Basics – Dutch Disease: Too much wealth managed unwisely. Finance and Development, A quarterly magazine of the IMF. IMF. March 2003 [2008-06-17]. (原始内容存档于2008-06-17). This syndrome has come to be known as "Dutch disease". Although the disease is generally associated with a natural resource discovery, it can occur from any development that results in a large inflow of foreign currency, including a sharp surge in natural resource prices, foreign assistance, and foreign direct investment. Economists have used the Dutch disease model to examine such episodes, including the impact of the flow of American treasures into sixteenth-century Spain and gold discoveries in Australia in the 1850s.|volume=被忽略 (帮助); |issue=被忽略 (帮助)
^"The Dutch Disease" (November 26, 1977). The Economist, pp. 82–83.