玛丽·西姆·博伊德

玛丽·西姆·博伊德Mary Syme Boyd,1910年8月15日-1997年10月30日),苏格兰艺术家、雕塑家,曾于1929至1933年在爱丁堡艺术学院学习。 她以动物雕塑而闻名,曾在苏格兰皇家学院 (RSA)和皇家格拉斯哥研究所英语Royal Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts(RGI)展出作品。

爱丁堡艺术学院,玛丽·西姆·博伊德曾于1929年至1933年在此学习

早期经历和教育背景

玛丽·西姆·博伊德1910年出生于爱丁堡。 她的母亲是克拉拉·康斯坦斯·莱珀(Clara Constance Lepper,1875年-1961年),来自安特里姆郡;父亲是弗朗西斯·达比·博伊德(Francis Darby Boyd,1866年-1922年),爱丁堡大学的临床医学教授。[1]

1929年至1933年,她在爱丁堡艺术学院学习,并得以接触到一座小动物园,学院鼓励学生在那里进行生命研究。[2] 博伊德对动物的迷恋成为她整个职业生涯的主要题材。

就和她的同事、爱丁堡艺术学院的校友菲利斯·伯恩英语Phyllis Bone一样,博伊德获得了一项游学奖学金,并于1931年至1932年间赴巴黎学习。 期间,她师从著名的动物雕塑家埃德瓦·纳维里尔(Edouard Navellier),并学到了青铜铸造技术。

1934年,博伊德获得了另一项奖学金,于是前往丹麦、瑞典、德国、比利时和法国游学。 《苏格兰女性传记词典》中说,“她记录了欧洲之行和战时服役的日记是重要的资料。” 在旅行中,她主要研究现代雕塑,同时也学习白蠟制品、丹麦银器和教堂木雕。 同年晚些时候,博伊德回到爱丁堡,定居在Belford Mews地区,直到去世。

博伊德创作了许多艺术作品;她一生未婚无子;她在欧洲游学和战时服役期间留下了日记。除此之外,人们对她的生平知之甚少。有记述提到过“她对驾驶的热爱和对苏格兰高地的探索”。

1997年10月30日,她在在爱丁堡去世,与姐姐莱斯比亚·博伊德(Lesbia Boyd)合葬在迪恩公墓。她的坟墓非常靠近公墓主入口,位于东西向中央小径的南侧。 她父母的坟墓就在旁边,墓石由她亲手雕刻。有些记录说,她只在自己的碑石上刻上了自己的名字和下葬的日期。但事实上她的名字不是雕刻上去的,而是像她姐姐的名字(在她的名字上方)一样,是预先塑形、安装在碑石上的铅铸字。

职业生涯

1935年到1963年间,博伊德在 Belford Mews 14号的一间起居工作室里工作。 在伦敦闪电战期间,她加入了伦敦辅助救护车服务,暂停了雕塑工作。

博伊德曾在苏格兰皇家艺术学院、英国皇家格拉斯哥研究所和苏格兰艺术家协会英语Society of Scottish Artists展出作品。她的雕塑材质包括石膏、青铜、银器、木雕和石头, 作品主题有自然主义动物研究与寓言主题。 她也接受了许多基督教会的委托进行创作,例如为科斯托芬英语Corstorphine的圣玛丽主教教堂创作的雕塑。

著名作品(以展出年份排序)

玛丽·西姆·博伊德的坟墓,位于迪恩公墓
  • 月亮 —— 一只白猫(Moon - a white cat,1935年)
  • 野猪(The wild boar,1935年)
  • 红隼 (The kestrel,1935年)
  • 猫的研究(Study of a Cat,约1935年)
  • 舞者(Dancers,1936年)
  • Kestrel carved in Sabique(1936年)
  • 猛禽(Bird of prey,1945年)
  • 十字车站(Station of the cross,1951年)[3]

博伊德把《红隼》作为遗赠,捐献给苏格兰国立美术馆作为她一生的代表作。

“鸟类雕塑的常见形式是一只在岩层露头上展开双翅的猎鸟,爪中抓着一只扭动的小猎物,或者与另一只鸟进行领地斗争。 然而,博伊德的《红隼》避开了这些正统的叙事性形象,转而采用现代主义的原则,选择将这种鸟描绘成一种温和的生物。 《红隼》用木头雕刻而成,它简单的线条和未经装饰的表面表明,博伊德意识到了现代主义中的‘truth to materials’理念。这一理念当时主要由亨利·摩尔(Henry Moore)和芭芭拉·赫普沃斯(Barbara Hepworth)倡导。”

遗赠中还包括另外两座雕塑:一座是伊丽莎白·丹普斯特英语Elizabeth Dempster的作品,另一座是乔治·科尔比英语Georg Kolbe的作品。

参考文献

  1. ^ Ewan, Elizabeth; Innes, Sue; Reynolds, Sian. The Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Women: From the Earliest Times to 2004. Edinburgh University Press. 1 January 2006. ISBN 9780748617135 (英语). 
  2. ^ Strang, Alice. Modern Scottish Women: Painters and Sculptors 1885-1965. Edinburgh: National Galleries of Scotland. 2015: 38. ISBN 9781906270896. 
  3. ^ Miss Mary Syme Boyd - Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951. University of Glasgow. [10 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-20). 

外部链接

  1. https://web.archive.org/web/20160310150802/http://www.latebloomers.co.uk/wforum/DeadInterestingWomen/msboyd.html
  2. https://www.nationalgalleries.org/collection/artists-a-z/b/artist/mary-syme-boyd页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

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