法兰西港

法兰西港
Port-aux-Français
科研基地
2005年的法兰西港
2005年的法兰西港
法兰西港在凯尔盖朗群岛的位置
法兰西港
法兰西港
法兰西港在印度洋的位置
法兰西港
法兰西港
法兰西港 (印度洋)
坐标：49°21′00″S 70°13′08″E / 49.35°S 70.218889°E / -49.35; 70.218889
国家 法國
海外领土法属南部和南极领地 (TAAF)
地区凯尔盖朗群岛
面积
 • 总计0.70 平方公里（0.27 平方英里）
 • 陸地0.70 平方公里（0.27 平方英里）
海拔10 公尺（30 英尺）
人口
 • 總計50–100人
 • 密度100人/平方公里（300人/平方英里）
时区UTC + 05:00
網站taaf.fr

法兰西港（法語：Port-aux-Français，法语发音：[pɔʁ o fʁɑ̃sɛ]）是法国海外領土凱爾蓋朗群島的科研基地，位在印度洋上的法屬南方和南極領地。法兰西港有60名冬季居民，夏季可能达120人以上。

法蘭西港是整個凱爾蓋朗群島中最適合飛機起降的地點，也因此成為該群島首府。1955年到1957年間曾有法國公司自澳洲進口設備，在當地獵捕海豹。海豹屠宰場在1960年關閉，其設備在2005年時被送至留尼旺島。

建築

法蘭西港有碼頭可供補給艦運補物資，該碼頭設有验潮仪（英语：Tide gauge），可用以觀測潮汐變化，數據則透過雷達送至基地，再透過人造衛星送往島外。島上的科學研究基地設有生物學實驗室和地球科學實驗室，以及氣象設備和電信設備，另外也有必要的倉儲空間跟一個小型醫療中心。法蘭西港上有座小教堂，是法國最南方的教堂。

氣候

法蘭西港的氣候類似阿拉斯加或雷克雅維克，同屬溫帶海洋性氣候。

法兰西港 (1991–2020年，极端值自1950年起统计)
月份 1月 2月 3月 4月 5月 6月 7月 8月 9月 10月 11月 12月 全年
历史最高温 °C（°F） 25.8
(78.4) 		23.6
(74.5) 		22.3
(72.1) 		23.1
(73.6) 		16.8
(62.2) 		14.5
(58.1) 		13.2
(55.8) 		15.0
(59.0) 		15.8
(60.4) 		19.1
(66.4) 		19.9
(67.8) 		22.1
(71.8) 		25.8
(78.4)
平均高温 °C（°F） 12.2
(54.0) 		12.3
(54.1) 		11.5
(52.7) 		9.7
(49.5) 		6.9
(44.4) 		5.6
(42.1) 		5.0
(41.0) 		5.2
(41.4) 		5.9
(42.6) 		7.4
(45.3) 		9.0
(48.2) 		10.9
(51.6) 		8.5
(47.3)
日均气温 °C（°F） 8.4
(47.1) 		8.6
(47.5) 		7.9
(46.2) 		6.3
(43.3) 		4.0
(39.2) 		2.8
(37.0) 		2.2
(36.0) 		2.4
(36.3) 		2.9
(37.2) 		4.1
(39.4) 		5.4
(41.7) 		7.2
(45.0) 		5.2
(41.4)
平均低温 °C（°F） 4.7
(40.5) 		4.9
(40.8) 		4.2
(39.6) 		3.0
(37.4) 		1.2
(34.2) 		0.1
(32.2) 		−0.5
(31.1) 		−0.4
(31.3) 		−0.2
(31.6) 		0.7
(33.3) 		1.9
(35.4) 		3.6
(38.5) 		1.9
(35.4)
历史最低温 °C（°F） −1.5
(29.3) 		−1.0
(30.2) 		−2.2
(28.0) 		−4.4
(24.1) 		−7.2
(19.0) 		−8.5
(16.7) 		−8.9
(16.0) 		−9.5
(14.9) 		−7.6
(18.3) 		−5.1
(22.8) 		−4.4
(24.1) 		−3.3
(26.1) 		−9.5
(14.9)
平均降水量 mm（英寸） 52.2
(2.06) 		44.4
(1.75) 		59.0
(2.32) 		64.2
(2.53) 		70.4
(2.77) 		69.1
(2.72) 		69.4
(2.73) 		60.7
(2.39) 		56.3
(2.22) 		46.1
(1.81) 		50.7
(2.00) 		51.8
(2.04) 		694.3
(27.33)
平均降水天数（≥ 1.0 mm） 7.7 7.1 9.0 9.5 11.8 10.5 11.9 9.5 8.9 7.9 8.2 8.9 111.0
平均降雪天数 1 0 2 4 6 10 11 13 12 11 7 2 79
平均相對濕度（％） 71 73 74 76 78 80 79 80 77 74 75 70 76
平均露点 °C（°F） 3
(37) 		3
(37) 		3
(37) 		2
(36) 		0
(32) 		−1
(30) 		−1
(30) 		−1
(30) 		−1
(30) 		−1
(30) 		1
(34) 		2
(36) 		1
(33)
月均日照時數 187.2 158.4 145.6 114.5 95.3 74.7 85.8 106.5 128.2 153.4 166.6 182.3 1,598.3
数据来源1：法国气象局[1]
数据来源2：Weatherbase (雪天),[2] Time and Date (2005–2015年露点)[3]

參考文獻

维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：法兰西港
  1. ^ Kerguelen (984) (PDF). Fiche Climatologique: Statistiques 1991–2020 et records. Meteo France. [26 February 2018]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于27 February 2018） （French）. 
  2. ^ Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Port Aux Francais, France. Weatherbase. [February 28, 2013]. 
  3. ^ Climate & Weather Averages in X, Port-aux-Francais, French Southern Territories. Time and Date. [9 January 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-09）. 

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