沈默缺氧
维基百科 中的醫學内容
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醫學聲明 。
沈默缺氧 (Silent hypoxia)又稱隱形缺氧 、快樂缺氧 (happy hypoxia)[1] [2] ,是沒有出現呼吸困难 症狀的缺氧 [3] [4] [5] [需要可靠醫學來源 ] ,目前已知是2019冠状病毒病 的併發症之一[6] [7] ,目前推測此疾病是因為COVID-19病毒 影響肺內氣道的血流以及肺中的血管,但沒有嚴重到會呼吸困难的程度[8] 。目前也懷疑沈默缺氧是因為肺部形成小血栓 所造成[9] [10] [11] [需要可靠醫學來源 ] 。目前發現COVID-19患者的呼吸率會漸增,接著慢慢進入沈默缺氧[12] [需要可靠醫學來源 ] ;而且也已證實同樣活動後,COVID-19患者和非COVID-19肺炎病患相比,有較輕的呼吸困难症狀[13] ;這種情況也是非典型肺炎 [14] [需要可靠醫學來源 ] 和高山症 的症狀[15] 。
診斷
「六分鐘行走測試」(six-minute walk test,6MWT)可以用來診斷沈默缺氧[16] ,主要是用正常的步伐走六分鐘,監控身體的反應[17] 。目前已證實,COVID-19患者和特发性肺纤维化 的非COVID-19患者比較,在六分鐘行走測試後,比較會有運動引發的無症狀缺氧[18] 。此症狀也可以在醫院外用脈搏血氧濃度儀 偵測[19] [20] 。
預後
沈默缺氧可能會讓血氧濃度低於50%,但不會被人注意到[21] ,因此其預後多半不好[22] [23] 。
參考資料
^ Tobin, Martin J.; Laghi, Franco; Jubran, Amal. Why COVID-19 Silent Hypoxemia Is Baffling to Physicians . American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 2020-08-01, 202 (3) [2022-07-28 ] . ISSN 1073-449X . PMC 7397783 . PMID 32539537 . doi:10.1164/rccm.202006-2157CP . (原始内容存档 于2022-10-20) (英语) .
^ LaMotte S. Silent hypoxia: Covid-19 patients who should be gasping for air but aren't . CNN. 7 May 2020 [2021-05-29 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-01-04).
^ Pappas S. ' Silent hypoxia' may be killing COVID-19 patients. But there's hope. . Live Science. 23 April 2020 [2021-05-29 ] . (原始内容存档 于2020-11-27).
^ Three reasons why COVID-19 can cause silent hypoxia . ScienceDaily. 19 November 2020 [2021-05-29 ] . (原始内容存档 于2020-12-29).
^ Emily H. Silent hypoxia and its role in COVID-19 detection . News Medical. 3 June 2020 [2021-05-29 ] . (原始内容存档 于2020-11-29).
^ Chandra, Atanu; Chakraborty, Uddalak; Pal, Jyotirmoy; Karmakar, Parthasarathi. Silent hypoxia: a frequently overlooked clinical entity in patients with COVID-19 . BMJ Case Reports. 2020-09, 13 (9). ISSN 1757-790X . PMC 7478026 . PMID 32900744 . doi:10.1136/bcr-2020-237207 (英语) .
^ Levitan, Richard. Opinion | The Infection That’s Silently Killing Coronavirus Patients . The New York Times. 2020-04-20 [2022-07-28 ] . ISSN 0362-4331 . (原始内容存档 于2021-01-09) (美国英语) .
^ Silent Hypoxia Typically Not the First Symptom of COVID-19, Other Early Symptoms Should Be Monitored . American Lung Association. 15 May 2020 [2021-05-29 ] . (原始内容存档 于2020-12-12).
^ COVID-19 complications: Silent hypoxia emerges as new killer in Kerala . The New Indian Express. 7 June 2020 [2021-05-29 ] . (原始内容存档 于2020-09-25).
^ Study explains why Covid-19 can cause silent hypoxia . The Tribune. 30 November 2020 [2021-05-29 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-01-14).
^ Srivastava A. Blood clots in the lung may be a major cause of COVID-19 deaths . The Hindu. 23 May 2020 [2021-05-29 ] . (原始内容存档 于2020-12-12).
^ Wei-Haas M. They don't struggle to breathe—but COVID-19 is starving them of oxygen . National Geographic. 8 May 2020 [2021-05-29 ] . (原始内容存档 于2020-11-01).
^ Fuglebjerg, Natascha Josephine Ulstrand; Jensen, Tomas Oestergaard; Hoyer, Nils; Ryrsø, Camilla Koch; Lindegaard, Birgitte; Harboe, Zitta Barrella. Silent hypoxia in patients with SARS CoV-2 infection before hospital discharge . International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020-10, 99 [2022-07-28 ] . PMC 7836996 . PMID 32663601 . doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.07.014 . (原始内容存档 于2022-07-04) (英语) .
^ Bowden O. What is 'silent hypoxia'? The coronavirus symptom patients don't know they have . Global News. 12 May 2020 [2021-05-29 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-01-07).
^ Ottestad, William; Søvik, Signe. COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure: what can we learn from aviation medicine? . British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2020-09, 125 (3) [2022-07-28 ] . PMC 7165289 . PMID 32362340 . doi:10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.012 . (原始内容存档 于2022-08-02) (英语) .
^ 留意「快樂缺氧」醫師教2方法 沒血氧機也能自我監測 | 生活 | 重點新聞 | 中央社 CNA . www.cna.com.tw. [2022-07-28 ] . (原始内容存档 于2021-06-11) (中文(臺灣)) .
^ Six-Minute Walk Test . American Lung Association. [2021-05-29 ] . (原始内容存档 于2020-10-01).
^ Fuglebjerg, Natascha Josephine Ulstrand; Jensen, Tomas Oestergaard; Hoyer, Nils; Ryrsø, Camilla Koch; Lindegaard, Birgitte; Harboe, Zitta Barrella. Silent hypoxia in patients with SARS CoV-2 infection before hospital discharge . International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020-10-01, 99 [2022-07-28 ] . ISSN 1201-9712 . PMC 7836996 . PMID 32663601 . doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.07.014 . (原始内容存档 于2021-01-14) (英语) .
^ Luks, Andrew M.; Swenson, Erik R. Pulse Oximetry for Monitoring Patients with COVID-19 at Home. Potential Pitfalls and Practical Guidance . Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2020-09, 17 (9) [2022-07-28 ] . ISSN 2329-6933 . PMC 7462317 . PMID 32521167 . doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.202005-418FR . (原始内容存档 于2022-10-17) (英语) .
^ Torjesen, Ingrid. Covid-19: Patients to use pulse oximetry at home to spot deterioration . BMJ. 2020-10-27. ISSN 1756-1833 . doi:10.1136/bmj.m4151 (英语) .
^ Teo, Jason. Early Detection of Silent Hypoxia in Covid-19 Pneumonia Using Smartphone Pulse Oximetry . Journal of Medical Systems. 2020-08, 44 (8). ISSN 0148-5598 . PMC 7305055 . PMID 32562006 . doi:10.1007/s10916-020-01587-6 (英语) .
^ Brouqui, Philippe; Amrane, Sophie; Million, Matthieu; Cortaredona, Sébastien; Parola, Philippe; Lagier, Jean-Christophe; Raoult, Didier. Asymptomatic hypoxia in COVID-19 is associated with poor outcome . International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2021-01-01, 102 . ISSN 1201-9712 . PMC 7604151 . PMID 33130200 . doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.10.067 (英语) .
^ Lari, Ali; Alherz, Mohammad; Nouri, Abdullah; Botras, Lotfi; Taqi, Salah. Caution against precaution: A case report on silent hypoxia in COVID-19 . Annals of Medicine and Surgery. 2020-12-01, 60 [2022-07-28 ] . ISSN 2049-0801 . PMC 7640922 . PMID 33169089 . doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2020.11.007 . (原始内容存档 于2022-07-28) (英语) .