穆斯林歷史學家列表

本表是伊斯蘭教學者列表穆斯林學者列表歷史學家列表的子表。

依照年代排序

草創時期

古典時期

  • 瓦吉迪,曾任阿拔斯王朝第七任哈里发麦蒙的大法官,822年卒于巴格达。毕生致力于远征战史的研究和著述,写下28种著作,留传下来的仅《圣战史》、《叙利亚的征服》、《埃及的征服》、《波斯的征服》、《非洲的征服》等数种。
  • 拜拉祖里(?~约892)生长和学习于巴格达,曾将大量波斯书籍译为阿拉伯文。所著《战纪》与《贵族宗谱》两部史书,包括大量伊斯兰前后近三百年的阿拉伯历史
  • 穆罕默德·查里勒·塔巴里,838年出生于波斯北部的塔巴里斯坦。著作浩繁,以《历代先知与帝王史》最著名,全书13巨册,是一部重要的编年通史
  • 马苏第(?~957),阿拉伯旅行家,地理学家,历史学家。《黄金草原与珍贵的宝藏》(《黄金草原》)的作者。
  • 伊本·阿西尔(1160~1233),摩苏尔人。其代表作《全史》起于传说时代,止于1230年。全书共12卷,第一卷从远古到伊斯兰教兴起,包括波斯、拜占廷和古代阿拉伯诸篇,记也门古史尤为详尽。第二卷以后,叙穆罕默德生平及阿拉伯帝国之兴衰。其中关于北非西班牙诸小国的历史记载弥足珍贵。
  • 伊本·赫利坎(1211~1282),生于伊拉克,学于大马士革开罗。代表作《名人传》收入600余年帝王、将相、学者、诗人等800余人的传记。
  • 阿布·海退布(1002~1071),巴格达人。精通诸学,著书50余种,以《巴格达志》最为重要。全书14巨册,包括巴格达历代文献、水文、地理,以及宫殿寺宇的建筑,典章制度的变革;对巴格达城的兴衰记载尤详。
  • 伊本·尔撒基耳(1105~1176),大马士革人,精通法学、圣训、历史。著书50余种,以《大马士革志》一书为著。全书80巨册,仿阿布·海退布《巴格达志》的体例。今已散失不全,不少篇章分散于欧洲各大图书馆。

後古典時期

  • 伊本·赫勒敦(?~ 1406),突尼斯人。一部记载阿拉伯人波斯人柏柏尔人通史,简称《伊本·赫勒敦历史》,共7册,《绪论》一册是全书精华。他在《绪论》中阐述人类社会与地理环境的关系,经济与文化的关系,科学与历史发展的关系,实际上是一部包括社会学、政治学和经济学的史论专著。
  • 马格里基(1364~1442),原籍叙利亚,后随父移居开罗。幼习圣训,长学法律。20岁后,研究领域日广,手抄大量古典珍本。1411年移居大马士革,1442 年卒于麦加。一生著书30余种,以《马格里基志》(即《埃及志》)最受重视,是一部研究埃及中世纪史所不可少的重要史籍。他收集历代佚史,详加考证后,著为新史。先采用编年体,后改用纪事本末体

参考文献

延伸閱讀

  • Robinson, Chase F. (2003), Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521629365 : XIV and XV

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