狹蜥鱷屬

狭蜥鳄属
化石时期:183–163 Ma
侏羅紀
S. bollensis的化石
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 爬行綱 Reptilia
科: 真蜥鳄科 Teleosauridae
属: 狭蜥鳄属 Steneosaurus
Geoffroy, 1825
模式種
Steneosaurus megistorhynchus
  • S. baroni Newton 1893
  • ?S. bollensis (Jaeger 1828)
  • ?S. brevior Blake in Tate and Blake 1876
  • S. edwardsi (Eudes-Deslongchamps 1868)
  • ?S. gracilirostris Westphal 1961
  • S. heberti Morel de Glasville 1876
  • ?S. leedsi Andrews 1909
  • ?S. megistorhynchus (Geoffrey Saint-Hilaire in Eudes-Deslongchamps 1869)
  • S. pictaviensis Vignaud 1998
  • S. rostromajor Geoffey Saint Hilaire 1825 (type)

狹蜥鱷屬學名Steneosaurus)是種已滅絕海鱷類,屬於真蜥鱷科,生存於侏羅紀。狹蜥鱷的化石發現於英格蘭法國德國瑞士、以及摩洛哥。最大型的物種是S. heberti,大部分化石身長可達2.5到3.5公尺,身長最大可達5公尺[1]

演化關係

S. heberti的頭骨
真蜥鱷的化石

根據近期的親緣分支分類法研究,擁有眾多種的狹蜥鱷屬並非單系群馬奇莫鱷真蜥鱷都屬於狹蜥鱷[2]

生態位

德國巴伐利亞州的Mörnsheim組(屬於索倫霍芬石灰岩,年代為提通階早期)發現了5種海鱷類化石,其中包含S. priscus 。狹蜥鱷是該地層唯一的真蜥鱷科,其他4種屬於地蜥鱷科達克龍地龍。科學家提出這些海鱷纇的生態位不同,依此得以互相共存[3]

下撒克森州的奧克河流域,發現兩種真蜥鱷科化石,分別為狹蜥鱷、馬奇莫鱷,以及新鱷類稜角鱗鱷Theriosuchus,屬於啟莫里階[4]。法國西部的一個提通階地層,也同時發現狹蜥鱷與馬奇莫鱷的化石[5]

狹蜥鱷目前已發現許多種,根據頭骨的型態,可分為下列兩群:

Longirostrine(長、狹窄頜部)

  • S. baroni馬達加斯加。年代為巴通階
  • S. bollensis:英格蘭、法國、德國。年代為托阿爾階。
  • S. gracilirostris:英格蘭。年代為托阿爾階。
  • S. heberti:法國。年代為卡洛夫階牛津階
  • S. leedsi:英格蘭、法國。年代為卡洛夫階
  • S. megistorhynchus模式種。法國。年代為巴通階。

Brevirostrine(短、寬廣頜部)

  • S. brevior:英格蘭。年代為托阿爾階。
  • S. edwardsi:英格蘭、法國。年代為卡洛夫階牛津階

參考資料

  1. ^ 存档副本. [2014-03-02]. (原始内容存档于2014-10-20). 
  2. ^ Mueller-Töwe IJ. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships of the Thalattosuchia. Zitteliana A45: 211–213.
  3. ^ Andrade MB, Young MT. 2008. High diversity of thalattosuchian crocodylians and the niche partition in the Solnhofen Sea 互联网档案馆存檔,存档日期2011-06-28.. The 56th Symposium of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Comparative Anatomy
  4. ^ Karl H-V, Gröning E, Brauckmann C, Schwarz D, Knötschke N.2006. The Late Jurassic crocodiles of the Langenberg near Oker, Lower Saxony (Germany), and description of related materials (with remarks on the history of quarrying the “Langenberg Limestone” and “Obernkirchen Sandstone”). Clausthaler Geowissenschaften 5: 59-77.
  5. ^ Billon-Bruyat J-P, Mazin J-M, Buffetaut E, Tong H, Abit D. 2001. New occurrence of vertebrate remains in the latest Jurassic of western France (Oléron island, Charente-Maritime). 6th European Workshop on Vertebrate Palaeontology - Florence and Montevarchi (Italy) - September 19-22, 2001 Abstract Booklet, p. 19

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