烏克蘭—美國關係

烏克蘭－美國關係
雙方在世界的位置

烏克蘭
美国
代表機構
烏克蘭駐美國大使館美國駐烏克蘭大使館
代表
大使 奧克薩娜·馬爾卡羅娃大使 布里奇特·布林克

烏克蘭－美國關係是乌克兰和美国之間的双边关系。

美国于1991年12月25日正式承认乌克兰独立。1992年1月21日，美国将其在烏克蘭首都基輔的领事馆升级为大使馆[1]。

1994年12月5日，烏克蘭、俄羅斯、美國和英國在匈牙利首都布達佩斯簽署《布达佩斯安全保障备忘录》[2]。這份備忘錄主要關注烏克蘭無核化，以及「尊重烏克蘭現有領土的獨立和主權」、「避免使用武力等方式威脅烏克蘭」。

2002年，美国和乌克兰之间的关系出現恶化，因为當時有一份录音显示，乌克兰曾向伊拉克萨达姆·侯赛因當局转让了一套先进的防御系统。

2021年6月，美国参议院外交事务委员会通过《乌克兰安全伙伴关系法案》，根據該法案，美国每年对烏克蘭的军事援助增加到3亿美元。6月12日，美國國防部宣佈一項1.5億美元的軍事援助計劃[3]。12月8日，美國總統乔·拜登表示如果俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭，美國將不會單方面出兵協助烏克蘭[4]。2022年1月，美国向乌克兰提供2亿美元額外安全援助以及超過200噸武器。[5][6][7]1月27日，烏克蘭外交部長庫列巴表示烏克蘭已知悉美國對於俄羅斯提出的安全要求清單的回覆，烏方對於美國的回覆無反對意見。[8]

在2022年俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭之後，《華爾街日報》於2022年3月10日宣稱美國總統拜登因為擔心觸怒俄羅斯總統普京，否決向烏克蘭提供波兰戰機的提案。[9]但美國大幅增加了軍事援助，包括進攻性武器，並開始與烏克蘭軍方共享情報。烏克蘭總統弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基再次對美國和美國領導人的援助表示感謝。[10]2023年2月20日，美國總統拜登訪問烏克蘭首都基輔。[11]

参考文献

  1. ^ Background Notes: Ukraine 6/97. 1997-2001.state.gov. [2019-11-21]. （原始内容存档于2017-11-08）. 
  2. ^ Ukraine's nuclear regret?. bbc.com. 2014-03-20 [2022-02-05]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-20）. 
  3. ^ 界面新聞. 美国防部：对乌克兰的新军事援助金额将达到1.5亿美元. [2021-06-12]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-12）. 
  4. ^ 英防相：若俄罗斯入侵乌克兰，英国及盟国极不可能出兵. RFI. 2021-12-18 [2021-12-19]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-19）. 
  5. ^ 三天内第二批！美国再向乌克兰提供超80吨武器. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-30）. 
  6. ^ 布林肯到访基辅 美国向乌克兰提供2亿美元额外安全援助. [2022-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-30）. 
  7. ^ 乌克兰危机：美军“很快”抵达东欧与泽连斯基警告不要过度恐慌. 半島電視台. 2022-01-29 [2022-01-29]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-18）. 
  8. ^ 乌克兰对美国就莫斯科为解决乌克兰危机而提出的安全要求清单的回应感到满意. RFI. 2022-01-27 [2022-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-18）. 
  9. ^ The Ukraine MiG-29 Fiasco Gets Worse. WSJ. 2022-03-10 [2022-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-08）. 
  10. ^ "Grateful": Zelensky Thanks Biden For New US Arms Package To Ukraine. NDTV.com. [2022-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-20）. 
  11. ^ 俄罗斯导弹轰炸威胁下看拜登是如何抵访基辅的. [2023-02-20]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-11）. 

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