注水

在石油工业中，注水是指人們将水注入油层，以保持油层压力（又称为空隙替换），从而提高石油产量以及油田采收率。通常情况下，油层中只有30%的石油可以被开采出来，但注水可以提高采收率（称为采收系数）[1]。

1865年，人們在美國宾夕法尼亚州的皮托爾城意外地开始朝油層註水。19世纪80年代，朝石油註水這一做法在宾夕法尼亚州逐漸普及[2]。

参考文献

  1. ^ “以水换油”之术——注水技术. [2021-11-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）. 
  2. ^ Abdus Satter, Ghulam M. Iqbal, and James L. Buchwalter, Practical Enhanced Reservoir Engineering (Tulsa, Okla.: Pennwell, 2008) 492.

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