徐廣

徐廣(352年—425年),野民,東晉東莞郡姑幕(今江蘇常州)人。東晉官員、歷史學家。徐邈之弟。

生平

徐家世代好學,徐廣學問更是精湛,百家數術全部都有所研究。謝玄為兗州刺史時,延請徐廣為從事西曹,後又任鎮北將軍、譙王司馬恬的參軍。晉孝武帝欣賞徐廣,於是以其為秘書郎,更加添校書處和藏書秘閣的人手。後轉員外散騎侍郎,仍領校書。隆安年間,尚書令王珣又舉徐廣為祠部郎

及後,司馬元顯引徐廣為中軍參軍,又遷領軍長史。桓玄當權時又以徐廣為大將軍文學祭酒。義熙元年(405年),劉裕命徐廣撰寫《車服儀注》,又讓他任鎮軍諮議參軍,領記室,封樂城縣五等侯。後轉員外散騎常侍,領著作郎。義熙二年(406年),尚書上奏議撰國史,於是命徐廣修撰晉史。義熙六年(410年),徐廣遷散騎常侍,領徐州大中正、驍騎將軍。後又轉任大司農、仍領著作郎。至義熙十二年(416年)寫成《晉紀》四十六卷,遷秘書監

永初元年(420年),劉裕篡晉,以徐廣為中散大夫,其時徐廣子徐道玄任晉陵太守,徐廣自請隨兒子到京口,回到家鄉。劉裕應允,並給予豐厚的賞賜。元嘉二年(425年),徐廣去世,享年七十四歲。

性格特徵

  • 徐廣好讀書,一直去到老時仍然好學不倦,每年都會讀《五經》一次。著作除《車服儀注》及《晉紀》,又有《答禮問》、《毛詩背隱義》二卷[1]、及文集十五卷[2]。又有《史記音義》十三卷[3],晉代《史記》版本紛雜,《史記音義》作了大量整理工作。
  • 司馬元顯主政時曾經想朝中百官自其致敬,其時內外官員都順從,尚書臺中更要時為祠部郎的徐廣提議禮儀,終人人都以下官禮向元顯下拜。此事徐廣一直都記在心中,十分慚愧。
  • 徐廣忠心晉室,桓玄篡晉時,安帝出宮,他流淚隨侍。至晉恭帝退位時,就只有徐廣感觸哀傷,謝晦見此還說:「徐公將無小過也。」徐廣答:「君為宋朝佐命,吾乃晉室遺老,憂喜之事固不同時。」仍以晉臣自居。

註釋

  1. ^ 《隋書·經籍志一》
  2. ^ 《隋書·經籍志四》:「宋太中大夫徐廣集十五卷」
  3. ^ 《隋書·經籍志二》

延伸阅读

[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:晉書·卷082》,出自房玄齡晉書
维基文库中的相关文本:宋書·卷55》,出自沈约宋书
维基文库中的相关文本:南史·卷33》,出自李延壽南史

參考書目

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