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塞尔克南人种族灭绝是指火地群岛的原住民部落塞尔克南人在19世纪末至20世纪初遭到的种族灭绝事件。史学家估计，整场种族灭绝共历时10至20年，导致塞尔克南部落人口从1880年代的大约4000人减少至1900年代初期的几百人^[1]。

19世纪末，在智利和阿根廷政府的支持下，欧洲和南美洲的畜牧公司开始在大火地岛上建立大型牧场，再加上火地群岛淘金潮的影响，岛上的原住民流离失所，生活遭受严重影响。由于外來者和原住民之间爆发了暴力冲突，来自欧洲和南美洲其他地方的猎人、牧场工人、金矿工人以及士兵开始对塞尔克南人展开种族灭绝^[2]^[3]。

畜牧公司雇佣其员工或第三方猎人来猎杀或抓捕塞尔克南人。智利和阿根廷军队也参与了种族灭绝，並袭击塞尔克南人。首先受到影响的是生活在大火地岛北部的塞尔克南人，他们之后被迫南迁，进入岛屿南部的不适宜放牧牲畜的林区。最终，阿根廷和智利政府向天主教修会组织慈幼會颁发土地补助金，后者建立了数个传教组织，試圖向余下的塞尔克南人傳播天主教，余下的塞尔克南人又被遣送到了道森島上。至1930年，只剩100名左右的塞尔克南人存活^[4]。

参考文献

^ Gigoux 2022，第1–2頁.
^ Odone, Carolina; Palma, M. [The death exhibited photographs of Julius Popper in Tierra del Fuego] 使用|trans-title=需要含有|title= (帮助). Mason, Peter; Odone, Carolina (编). 12 Miradas: Ensayos sobre los pueblos patagonicos [12 Looks: Essays on the Patagonian peoples]. Culturas de Patagonia （西班牙语）. , cited in Mason, Peter. The Lives of Images. Reaktion Books. 2002: 153. ISBN 9781861891143.
^ Ray 2007，第80頁.
^ Chapman 2010，第544頁.

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[FOOTNOTEGigoux20221–2-1] Gigoux 2022，第1–2頁.

[2] Odone, Carolina; Palma, M. [The death exhibited photographs of Julius Popper in Tierra del Fuego] 使用|trans-title=需要含有|title= (帮助). Mason, Peter; Odone, Carolina (编). 12 Miradas: Ensayos sobre los pueblos patagonicos [12 Looks: Essays on the Patagonian peoples]. Culturas de Patagonia （西班牙语）. , cited in Mason, Peter. The Lives of Images. Reaktion Books. 2002: 153. ISBN 9781861891143.

[FOOTNOTERay200780-3] Ray 2007，第80頁.

[FOOTNOTEChapman2010544-4] Chapman 2010，第544頁.

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