^The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Crucible process. Britannica. 2021-06-16 [2021-08-26]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-26) (英语). All high-quality tool steel and high-speed steel was long made by the crucible process,...
^The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Crucible process. Britannica. 2021-06-16 [2021-08-26]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-26) (英语). The process was devised again in Britain about 1740 by Benjamin Huntsman, who heated small pieces of carbon steel in a closed fireclay crucible placed in a coke fire. The temperature he was able to achieve (1,600 °C [2,900 °F]) was high enough to permit melting steel for the first time, producing a homogeneous metal of uniform composition that he used to manufacture watch and clock springs.
^The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Crucible process. Britannica. 2021-06-16 [2021-08-26]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-26) (英语). The crucible process allowed alloy steels to be produced for the first time, since alloying elements could be added to the molten metal in the crucible
^The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Crucible process. Britannica. 2021-06-16 [2021-08-26]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-26) (英语). ...but it went into decline from the early 20th century, as electric-arc furnaces became more widely used. It is believed that the last crucible furnace in Sheffield was operated until 1968.
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