卢浮宫博物馆

卢浮宫博物馆
Musée de Louvre
卢浮宫博物馆
成立1793年8月10日,​231年前​(1793-08-10
地址 法國巴黎第一区
類型美術館古蹟
馆藏规模615,797件(2019年)
(35,000件用于展览)[1]
参观人數890万(2023年)[2]
建立者拿破崙
館長洛朗斯·德卡尔英语Laurence des Cars
策展人Marie-Laure de Rochebrune
所有者法國文化及通信部
公共交通
網站louvre.fr
地图
地图

卢浮宫博物馆(法語:Musée de Louvre发音:[myze də luvʁ] )是法国巴黎的艺术博物馆,也是世界上最著名的博物馆之一。该馆位于塞纳河右岸卢浮宫内,藏有众多经典艺术作品,其中最著名的藏品包括《蒙娜丽莎》、《米洛的维纳斯》、《書記坐像》、《萨莫色雷斯的胜利女神》和《汉谟拉比法典》。

卢浮宫是一座拥有八百年历史的王室宫殿,坐落在塞纳河右岸,与艺术息息相关。16世纪,法王弗朗索瓦一世将其打造为巴黎文艺复兴的象征。17世纪末,法王路易十四迁往凡尔赛宫后,部分皇家收藏的绘画和古代雕塑被存放于卢浮宫。在随后的一个世纪里,卢浮宫成为多个学院的驻地,其中包括皇家繪畫與雕塑學院,还容纳了众多由王室支持的艺术家及其工作室。自啟蒙時代起,向公众展示王室收藏杰作的构想开始出现。1793年,法国大革命实现了这一目标,卢浮宫博物馆正式对外开放,并在此后不断扩展。

自中世纪晚期以来,法国历代君主致力于委托欧洲最杰出的艺术家进行艺术创作,并收集当下和史上的艺术杰作。1793年卢浮宫博物馆开馆时,凭借从流亡贵族和教会没收的作品,博物馆的馆藏得到进一步扩充。此后的两个世纪里,卢浮宫博物馆的馆藏通过战争战利品、购入、赞助、遗赠、捐赠和考古发现持续扩充。至2019年,卢浮宫藏有超过50万件艺术品,其中有3.6万余件公开展出。

2018年,卢浮宫共接待1020万游客,其中四分之三为外国游客,成为全球参观人数最多的艺术博物馆,也是法国最受欢迎的收费文化遗址。为更加适应大众旅游需求,卢浮宫在20世纪末进行了改造,建造了玻璃金字塔作为博物馆主入口。

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