凌福彭

凌福彭(1854年—1930年)[1],字潤臺广东番禺县人,清朝及中华民国政治人物、书画家。

生平

清朝官员

清朝时期的凌福彭

凌福彭为清朝光绪十一年(1885年)乙酉科拔贡[2]此后曾入张之洞幕府。[3]历任户部七品小京官、主事、郎中,光绪十九年(1893年)取军机章京。光绪二十一年(1895年)中式乙未科进士,留军机处任职。[2][3]

在北京期间,凌福彭和张荫桓过从甚密。光绪二十年(1894年),在凌福彭举办的聚餐中,康有为结识了张荫桓[3]

中华民国时期的凌福彭

光绪二十六年(1900年)春,凌福彭的女儿凌叔华出生。同年,庚子事变爆发,凌福彭和梁士诒关冕钧陈伯陶麦鸿钧等人携家眷等共一百多人逃出北京,途中险些被乱民杀害,后避居怀柔县。同年10月,凌福彭回到北京,即被补授天津府知府。因天津被八国联军控制,直到两年后才得以上任。光绪三十一年(1905年),改署保定府知府,次年实授。光绪三十三年(1907年),护理天津道。他还曾代理津海关道,任长芦盐运使。光绪三十四年(1908年),任顺天府府尹。宣统二年(1910年)初,任直隶布政使。[2][3]

凌福彭任天津府知府时,正值袁世凯在直隶推行新政,以天津为试点,凌福彭负责实施,成为天津地方自治的开创者。天津地方自治也是中国最早进行的地方自治。他与赵秉钧合作,成功从八国联军治下接管了天津,此后,凌福彭利用天津巡警在天津进行了人口普查,开创了中国人口普查的先声。他积极推进司法改革,改革监狱制度,1904年为罪犯兴办习艺所。[3]凌福彭曾兼任天津工艺局及习艺所督办。[4]他还兴办独立的审判厅,成为日后中国现代法院的鼻祖。[3]凌福彭任保定府知府时,曾于1906年创办保定府官立中学堂,并自任总办。[4]对于凌福彭在天津、保定任职期间的经历,袁世凯曾在奏议中称赞凌福彭道:[3]

二十八年秋间随臣到津,接受地面,部署善后事宜,井井有条。三十年,委赴日本考察监狱、工艺,各得其精意之所在。差竣回国,缕晰条陈。天津习艺所之设,皆由该员手订,保定踵而行之,化莠为良,囚徒受福。一面设局创兴工艺,贫寒子弟皆得执业以谋生。是年大计,保荐卓异。曾护天津道并代理津海关道篆,河工洋务,考求有素,因应咸宜。三十二年调补保定知府。保定设有谳局,为通省刑名总汇,遇有疑难重案,笃饬局员悉心推鞠,务得真情,民无含冤,狱无留滞。因天津交涉事繁,仍调署天津府篆,以资熟手,并令督办自治局,总理高等审判分厅,以为立宪基础。该员才长心细,器识宏通,如果重以事权,必能力膺艰巨。

凌福彭(左三)和他的两个女儿凌叔华(左一)、凌淑浩(左四)、两个女儿的外甥(左二,姓名未详)、以及诺亚·韦伯斯特夫妇(左五、左六)

中华民国年间经历

中华民国成立后,他历任崇陵工程督修,袁世凯大总统府政治谘议,政治讨论会副会长,约法会议议员,获授少卿,二等嘉禾章[2]

凌福彭从政多年,结交了康有为等政界人士。因工书画词章,他还结交了辜鸿铭齐白石姚茫父陈半丁陈衡恪等文化界名流。离开政界隐居北京后,他以书画自娱自乐。[4]

1930年,凌福彭病逝于广州西关[3]

家庭

  • 父:凌朝庚广东番禺县巨富。
  • 妻子冯氏(番禺黄埔村富商)
  • 妾,姓氏不详,二姨太。
  • 妾,谢氏,三姨太(1873—?)。
  • 妾,李若兰,卖唱女,生四女,凌淑芝、凌淑萍、凌叔华、凌淑浩。
  • 长女:名不详
  • 二女:凌雪山,嫁广州荔枝湾潘家
  • 儿子:凌启恂
  • 儿子:凌启淞
  • 女儿:凌淑英(1895—1913),于日本神户六甲山布引瀑布遇难。
  • 女儿:凌瑞清(1896—1913),于日本神户六甲山布引瀑布遇难。
  • 女儿:凌大容(1897—1913),于日本神户六甲山布引瀑布遇难。
  • 儿子:凌淑桂(1898—1913),于日本神户六甲山布引瀑布遇难。
  • 庶女:凌淑芝(约1896—?,嫁铁道部长之子)
  • 庶女:凌淑萍(1898—?,嫁上海)
  • 庶女:凌叔华,作家,画家,丈夫陈西滢
  • 庶女:凌淑浩

参考文献

  1. ^ 此据《直隶新政的开创者凌福彭》。《约法会议纪录》作年六十岁,按1915年60岁,则生于约1855年,与此差别不大。
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 约法会议秘书厅编. 约法会议纪录. 北京: 约法会议秘书厅. 1915: 112. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 陈晓平. 直隶新政的开创者凌福彭. 广州文史. 2011-10-12. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 郑新芳. 保定府官立中学堂创始人——凌福彭. 保定晚报. 2004-12-14. 

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