凌日系外行星巡天衛星

凌日系外行星巡天衛星
TESS
任务类型太空望遠鏡[1]
运营方NASA / MIT
国际卫星标识符2018-038A
衛星目錄序號43435
网站http://tess.gsfc.nasa.gov/
任務時長預定2年
目前已運作6年9個月2日
航天器属性
平台LEOStar-2
制造方軌道科學公司
發射質量362公斤(798磅)[2]
尺寸3.7×1.2×1.5米(12.1×3.9×4.9英尺)
功率400
任務開始
發射日期2018年4月18日
22時51分31秒 UTC
运载火箭獵鷹9號運載火箭全推力版
發射場卡納維拉爾角空軍基地 SLC-40
承包方SpaceX
軌道參數
参照系高橢圓軌道
軌域高地球軌道
半長軸240,000 km(150,000 mi)
離心率0.55
近地點108,000 km(67,000 mi)
遠地點373,000 km(232,000 mi)
傾角37°
週期13.7 天

凌日系外行星巡天衛星(英語:Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite,縮寫簡稱TESS,中國大陸又簡稱為苔丝[3])是美國國家航空暨太空總署探索者計劃中的太空望遠鏡,旨在使用凌日法在比克卜勒太空望遠鏡覆蓋的區域大400倍的區域內搜索太陽系外行星[4]。它於2018年4月18日由SpaceX公司獵鷹9號火箭於卡納維爾角空軍基地發射升空,並被置於繞地球的高度橢圓的13.7天的軌道上[4][5][6]

凌日系外行星巡天衛星的主要任務目標是調查地球附近300光年內的恆星是否有行星存在。凌日系外行星巡天衛星將可能研究一大群小型行星,包括在其宿主恆星的可居住區、行星的質量、大小、密度及軌道。凌日系外行星巡天衛星將提供詹姆斯·韋伯太空望遠鏡以及未來的其他太空或地面望遠鏡進一步觀測的目標。

凌日系外行星巡天衛星將觀測明亮恆星附近的小型行星,記錄最鄰近的及最明亮的主序星[7]

2011年9月,凌日系外行星巡天衛星在麻省理工學院谷歌種子基金的帶領下[8],入選美國國家航空暨太空總署資助的計畫提案之一[9]。2013年4月5日,美國國家航空暨太空總署宣布凌日系外行星巡天衛星將隨著要裝設在國際太空站上的中子星內部組成探測器英语Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer(Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer)一同在2018年發射[10][11]。不過最後中子星內部組成探測器卻比凌日系外行星巡天衛星早了十個月升空。

2018年8月7日,衛星朝大麥哲倫星系拍下首張影像,並在一個多月後正式對外公開[12][13][14]。大約同時,由該衛星所發現第一顆系外行星山案座πc(π Mensae c)的研究也被發表[15][16]

2019年7月18日,經過第一年的運營,完成了南天球部分的調查后,開始了北天球部分的調查。北天球調查於2020年7月4日完成。

歷史

凌日系外行星巡天衛星的概念於2005年由麻省理工學院 (MIT) 和史密松天体物理台(SAO)首次討論[17]。TESS的起源始於2006年,當時一個設計是由個人、谷歌、和美国Kavli基金會從私人資金開發的[18]。2008年,麻省理工學院提出TESS成為NASA的一項完整任務,並提交給戈达德太空飞行中心[18]的探索者计划小型任務,但沒有被選中[19]。它於2010年作為探索者計劃任務重新被提交,並於2013年4月被批准為探索者计划中型任務[20][18][21]。TESS於2015年通過了其關鍵設計審查(CDR),允許開始生產衛星[18]。雖然克卜勒太空望遠鏡在發射時耗資$6.4億美元,但TESS僅耗資$2億美元(加上$8700萬美元用於發射)[22][23]。該任務將發現太陽系外行星,它們會周期性地阻擋來自宿主恆星的部分光,這種事件稱為凌日。TESS將調查太陽附近200,000顆最亮的恆星,以尋找凌日的太陽系外行星。

2019年7月,一项2020年至2022年的扩展任務获得批准[24]

2019年8月2日,美國太空總署同日宣布,運行中的衛星,發現到一顆潛在適居行星格利澤357 d(距太陽系僅僅31光年)[25][26]

2020年1月3日,TESS報告發現了TOI 700 d英语TOI 700 d,這是第一顆潛在宜居行星地球大小的行星。

2023年1月12日,TESS計畫的NASA噴氣推進實驗室(JPL)於西雅圖舉行的美國天文學會第241次會議上宣布發現TOI 700 e英语TOI 700 e,為該恆星系統繼TOI 700 d後,第二顆位於宜居帶內運行和地球一般大小的行星。TOI 700 e行星比TOI 700 d行星小約10%,TOI 700 e行星位於TOI 700 c與TOI 700 d之間[27]

任務概述

TESS旨在進行第一次太空衛星載全天空凌日系外行星調查[28]。它配備了四個廣角望遠鏡和相關的感光耦合元件(CCD)探測器。科學數據每兩周傳送到地球。 有效曝光時間為兩小時的全幀圖像也將被傳輸,使科學家能夠搜索意想不到的瞬態現象,例如伽玛射线暴的光學對應物。 TESS還主持了一項客座調查員計劃,允許其他組織的科學家將 TESS 用於他們自己的研究。 分配給訪客計劃的資源允許額外觀察20,000個天體[29]

TESS - 南方天空全景
(video (3:30); July 18, 2019)

參見

參考資料

  1. ^ Overbye, Dennis. Meet Tess, Seeker of Alien Worlds. The New York Times. March 26, 2018 [March 26, 2018]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-09). 
  2. ^ TESS: Discovering Exoplanets Orbiting Nearby Stars - Fact Sheet (PDF). Orbital ATK. 2018 [2021-10-30]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2018-02-17). 
  3. ^ “苔丝”探测器发现3颗太阳系外行星. [2019-08-03]. (原始内容存档于2019-08-03). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Ricker, George R.; Winn, Joshua N.; Vanderspek, Roland; Latham, David W.; Bakos, Gáspár Á.; Bean, Jacob L.; Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.; Brown, Timothy M.; Buchhave, Lars; Butler, Nathaniel R.; Butler, R. Paul; Chaplin, William J.; Charbonneau, David; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen; Clampin, Mark; Deming, Drake; Doty, John; De Lee, Nathan; Dressing, Courtney; Dunham, Edward W.; Endl, Michael; Fressin, Francois; Ge, Jian; Henning, Thomas; Holman, Matthew J.; Howard, Andrew W.; Ida, Shigeru; Jenkins, Jon M.; Jernigan, Garrett; et al. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems (SPIE Digital Library). 2014-10-24, 1: 014003. doi:10.1117/1.JATIS.1.1.014003可免费查阅. 
  5. ^ Launch Schedule. Spaceflight Now. February 27, 2018 [February 28, 2018]. (原始内容存档于2018-08-16). 
  6. ^ NASA Planet Hunter on Its Way to Orbit. NASA. April 19, 2018 [April 19, 2018]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-14). 
  7. ^ NASA FY 2015 President's Budget Request Summary (PDF). NASA. 2014-03-10 [2016-08-02]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-04-23). 
  8. ^ Chandler, David. MIT aims to search for Earth-like planets with Google's help. MIT News. 2008-03-19 [2016-08-02]. (原始内容存档于2014-12-17). 
  9. ^ Brown, Dwayne. NASA Selects Science Investigations For Concept Studies (新闻稿). NASA. 2011-09-29 [2016-08-02]. (原始内容存档于2016-08-04). 
  10. ^ Harrington, J. D. NASA Selects Explorer Investigations for Formulation (新闻稿). NASA. 2013-04-05 [2016-08-02]. (原始内容存档于2016-06-17). 
  11. ^ NASA selects MIT-led TESS project for 2017 mission. MIT News. 2013-04-05 [2013-04-06]. (原始内容存档于2015-08-01). 
  12. ^ Overbye, Dennis. NASA’s TESS Starts Collecting Planets - The satellite, launched in April, has already identified at least 73 stars that may harbor exoplanets, most of them new to astronomers.. New York Times. 2018-09-20 [2018-09-23]. (原始内容存档于2019-04-27). 
  13. ^ Kazmierczak, Jeanette; Garner, Rob. NASA’s TESS Shares First Science Image in Hunt to Find New Worlds. NASA. 2018-09-17 [2018-09-23]. (原始内容存档于2019-04-22). 
  14. ^ Wiessinger, Scott; Lepsch, Aaron E.; Kazmierczak, Jeanette; Reddy, Francis; Boyd, Padi. NASA’s TESS Releases First Science Image. NASA. 2018-09-17 [2018-09-23]. (原始内容存档于2019-04-23). 
  15. ^ Huang, Chelsea Xu; et al. TESS Discovery of a Transiting Super-Earth in the π Mensae System. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 2018. arXiv:1809.05967v2可免费查阅. 
  16. ^ Prostak, Sergio. TESS Discovers Its First Exoplanet: Super-Earth HD 39091c. Sci-News.com. 2018-09-24 [2018-12-31]. (原始内容存档于2018-12-31). 
  17. ^ Ricker, George R.; Winn, Joshua N.; Vanderspek, Roland; Latham, David W.; Bakos, Gaspar A.; Bean, Jacob L.; Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.; Brown, Timothy M.; Buchhave, Lars; Butler, Nathaniel R.; Butler, R. Paul. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems. 2014-10-24, 1 (1): 014003. ISSN 2329-4124. S2CID 1342382. arXiv:1406.0151可免费查阅. doi:10.1117/1.JATIS.1.1.014003. 
  18. ^ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 Mission History. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. NASA. [October 23, 2015]. (原始内容存档于July 29, 2014). 
  19. ^ Hand, Eric. No SMEX-love for TESS. Nature. June 22, 2009 [October 23, 2015]. (原始内容存档于2018-10-02). 
  20. ^ George R. Ricker; Joshua N. Winn; Roland Vanderspek; David W. Latham; Gáspár Á. Bakos; Jacob L. Bean; et al. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Jacobus M. Oschmann Jr; Mark Clampin; Giovanni G. Fazio; Howard A. MacEwen (编). Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave 9143. Bellingham, WA: SPIE. 2014. ISBN 9780819496119. doi:10.1117/12.2063489. hdl:1721.1/97916可免费查阅. 
  21. ^ Medium-Class Explorers (MIDEX) Missions in Development. NASA. [October 23, 2015]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-23). 
  22. ^ Meet TESS, NASA's Next Planet Finder. Popular Mechanics. October 30, 2013 [May 4, 2018]. (原始内容存档于2018-06-22). 
  23. ^ Clark, Stuart. Spacewatch: Tess embarks on planet-hunting mission for Nasa. the Guardian. April 19, 2018 [May 4, 2018]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-21) (英语). 
  24. ^ Mireles, Ismael. NASA Extends the TESS Mission through 2022. July 18, 2019 [2021-10-30]. (原始内容存档于2022-01-13). 
  25. ^ 新發現31光年外超級地球 可能適於孕育生命页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)中央社 2019-08-02
  26. ^ TESS Helps Reveal Multiple Planets, Including Promising World页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)NASA Goddard 2019-07-31
  27. ^ NASA在距地球100光年恆星系統 發現第二顆宜居行星. 自由時報. 2023-01-12 [2023-01-18]. (原始内容存档于2023-01-20). 
  28. ^ Ricker, George R. Discovering New Earths and Super-Earths in the Solar Neighborhood. SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation. June 22–27, 2014. Montréal, Quebec, Canada. June 26, 2014. doi:10.1117/2.3201407.18. 
  29. ^ About TESS. NASA. July 15, 2016 [March 25, 2018]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-14). 

外部連結

Read other articles:

«Botánico» redirige aquí. Para el barrio de Asunción, véase Botánico (Asunción). BotánicaParte de biología Rama de la biología que estudia las plantas. Subramas Agrostología, antecología, anatomía vegetal, astrobotánica, botánica aplicada, botánica económica, botánica pura, botánica especial, botánica sistemática, botánica forestal, botánica marina, briología, dendrología, ecología vegetal, embriología vegetal, etnobotánica, ficología, fisiología vegetal, fitopa...

 

هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها. النجم الرصاصي، هو نوع من النجوم فقير بالعناصر المعدنية، لكنه يحوي كميات أكبر من المعتاد من الرصاص والبزموت، وذلك مقارنة بنواتج عمليات أس الأخرى.[1] المراجع ^ Van Eck, S.; Goriely, S....

 

Nights of Cabiria(Le notti di Cabiria)Poster rilis teatrikalSutradara Federico Fellini Produser Dino De Laurentiis Ditulis oleh Federico Fellini Ennio Flaiano Tullio Pinelli Pier Paolo Pasolini SkenarioFederico FelliniEnnio FlaianoTullio PinelliPier Paolo PasoliniCeritaFederico FelliniPemeranGiulietta MasinaFrançois PérierAmedeo NazzariPenata musikBonaguraNino RotaSinematograferAldo TontiOtello MartelliPenyuntingLeo CattozzoDistributorParamount Pictures (Italia)Les Films Marceau (Pran...

Jalanan di Meiringen Meiringen pada tahun 1900 Patung Sherlock Holmes di luar Gereja Inggris Rambu jalanan di luar museum Holmes Meiringen adalah sebuah kotamadya di Distrik Oberhasli, Kanton Bern, Swiss. Kota ini terkenal akan air terjun Reichenbach, air terjun spektakuler yang menjadi latar bagi kematian tokoh karangan Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Sherlock Holmes. Sebuah museum yang dipersembahkan bagi Holmes terletak di dasar Gereja Inggris yang didekonsentrasi, terletak di tempat yang sekarang...

 

Artikel ini perlu dikembangkan agar dapat memenuhi kriteria sebagai entri Wikipedia.Bantulah untuk mengembangkan artikel ini. Jika tidak dikembangkan, artikel ini akan dihapus. Hannibal Muammar GaddafiLahir20 September 1975 (umur 48)Tripoli, LibyaAlmamaterArab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime TransportCopenhagen Business SchoolSuami/istriAline Skaf Hannibal Muammar Gaddafi (lahir 20 September 1975) adalah putra keempat pemimpin Libya Muammar Gaddafi dan istri keduanya, Sha...

 

2012 single by EC Twins , featuring CeCe PenistonYou've Never SeenSingle by EC Twins featuring CeCe PenistonReleasedAugust 6, 2012 (2012-08-06)Recorded2012Length5:48LabelSmash the HouseSongwriter(s) Blackham brothers Peniston Korchmaryov Lewis Terranova Bullock CeCe Peniston singles chronology Celebrate (2012) You've Never Seen (2012) All My Love (2013) Audio sampleOriginal Mixfilehelp You've Never Seen (originally titled as Like You've Never Seen) is a 2012 song by electro...

More than 550,000 Americans died fighting the Civil War, including these men who fell during the bloody Battle of Antietam. This section of the timeline of United States history concerns events from 1860 to 1899. 1860s 1860s in the United States: 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1864, 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868, 1869. Further information: Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War Presidency of James Buchanan U.S. territorial extent in 1860 April 3, 1860 – Pony Express begins. November 6 – 1...

 

África do Sul nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 1932 Comité Olímpico Nacional Código do COI RSA Nome South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee «site oficial» (em inglês)  Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 1932 Organizador Los Angeles, EUA Competidores 12 (10 homens e 2 mulheres) em 4 modalidades Porta-bandeira Harry Hart Medalhas Pos.15º 2 0 3 5 Participações nos Jogos Olímpicos Verão 1904 • 1908 • 1912 • 19...

 

Dua variasi kue lapis Kue lapis adalah makanan khas Indonesia. Kue ini biasanya terdiri dari dua warna yang berlapis-lapis, ini yang memberi nama kue ini. Kue ini dibuat dari tepung beras, tepung kanji, santan, gula pasir, garam dan pewarna. Kue ini dikukus setiap lapisannya sebelum kemudian lapisan di atasnya ditambahkan. Kue ini banyak ditemui di daerah-daerah di Indonesia khususnya di pedagang pasar tradisional maupun toko kue jajanan tradisional.[1] Kue khas Indonesia ini termasuk...

Recording of sound and playing it back Sound recorder redirects here. For the audio recording program computer software, see Windows Voice Recorder. Frances Densmore and Blackfoot chief Mountain Chief working on a recording project of the Bureau of American Ethnology (1916). Sound recording and reproduction is the electrical, mechanical, electronic, or digital inscription and re-creation of sound waves, such as spoken voice, singing, instrumental music, or sound effects. The two main classes ...

 

Italian jurist and politician (1935–2022) Egidio AlagnaAlagna in 1983Member of the Chamber of Deputies of ItalyIn office12 July 1983 – 22 April 1992ConstituencyPalermo-Trapani-Agrigento-Caltanissetta constituency [it] Personal detailsBorn31 October 1935Marsala, ItalyDied3 May 2022(2022-05-03) (aged 86)Palermo, ItalyPolitical partyPSIOccupationJudge Egidio Alagna (31 October 1935 – 3 May 2022) was an Italian politician. A member of the Italian Socialist Party, ...

 

This article is about the former Genesee Valley Trust Building in Rochester, New York. For the building in New York City, New York, see The Times Square Building. For other buildings named Times Square Building, see Times Square Building (disambiguation). Office, Citizens Bank in NY, USATimes Square BuildingGeneral informationStatusCompletedTypeOfficeCitizens BankArchitectural styleArt DecoLocation45 Exchange BoulevardRochester, NY, USACoordinates43°09′17″N 77°36′45″W / ...

König Jakob III. Jakob III. (englisch James III; * 10. Juli 1451;[1] † 11. Juni 1488 bei Sauchieburn) war von 1460 bis zu seinem Tod König von Schottland. Er war der älteste Sohn von Jakob II. und dessen Ehefrau Maria von Geldern. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Regentschaft 2 Konflikte 3 Krieg mit England 4 Weitere Konflikte und Tod 5 Familie 6 Siehe auch 7 Weblinks 8 Anmerkungen Regentschaft Wie sein Vater war auch Jakob III. noch minderjährig, als er den schottischen Thron bestieg. Er w...

 

Australian figure skater (born 1990) Mark WebsterWebster in 2011Born (1990-02-21) 21 February 1990 (age 33)Penrith, New South Wales, AustraliaHeight1.72 m (5 ft 7+1⁄2 in)Figure skating careerCountryAustraliaCoachSharyn Renshaw, Elizabeth Cain, Sean CarlowSkating clubPenrith Valley FSCBegan skating1998 Mark Webster (born 21 February 1990 in Penrith, New South Wales) is an Australian figure skater. He is the 2011 Australian national champion. He has represented Austral...

 

Bridge in Louisiana, US Manchac Swamp BridgeCoordinates30°18′11″N 90°24′21″W / 30.302946°N 90.405807°W / 30.302946; -90.405807Carries I-55 / US 51CrossesManchac SwampLocaleSt. John the Baptist Parish / Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana, USAOther name(s)I-55 Manchac Swamp CrossingMaintained byLA DOTDCharacteristicsTotal length22.8 miles (36.7 km)Width312 feet (95 m)HistoryOpened1979[1]Location The Manchac Swamp Bridge is a twin concret...

Paktia پکتیاProvinsiKoordinat (ibu kota): 33°36′N 69°30′E / 33.6°N 69.5°E / 33.6; 69.5Koordinat: 33°36′N 69°30′E / 33.6°N 69.5°E / 33.6; 69.5NegaraAfganistanIbu kotaGardezPemerintahan • GubernurMohammad Halim FidaiLuas • Total6.432 km2 (2,483 sq mi)Populasi (2015)[1] • Total551.987 • Kepadatan86/km2 (220/sq mi)Zona waktuUTC+4:30 (Waktu Afgan...

 

Peanuts-themed area at Cedar Fair parks For the amusement park previously called Camp Snoopy at Mall of America, see Nickelodeon Universe. For the American air base located in Qatar, see Doha International Air Base. For the area on the University of California San Diego campus previously serving as the location for housing and other facilities for Sixth College, see UC San Diego and Sixth College. Camp SnoopyCamp Snoopy entrance in Cedar Point near Snoopy Bounce.ThemePeanutsCurrent: 4 Cedar F...

 

This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Jackson King V – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Jackson King VJS30KV, an entry level model in production since the 2000sManufacturerJackson GuitarsPeriod1980s–presentConstructionBody typeSolidNeck joi...

Hymn tune by William Billings Africa is an 18th-century hymn tune by American choral composer William Billings, who worked in New England. History Billings wrote Africa some time before 1770 and included it in his first published hymnbook, The New England Psalm Singer. Later he revised it, publishing a new version in his The Singing Master's Assistant (1778). He made additional revisions, publishing it again in Music in Miniature (1779). It is the latter two versions that are performed today....

 

زحر الإحداثيات 32°33′57.4″N 35°46′41.3″E / 32.565944°N 35.778139°E / 32.565944; 35.778139 تقسيم إداري  البلد الأردن[1]   محافظة محافظة إربد  لواء لواء قصبة إربد معلومات أخرى منطقة زمنية ت ع م+02:00  رمز جيونيمز 245915  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   زحر قرية اردنية تقع في لواء قصبة إ...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!