Krishna

Krishna
Thần Bảo vệ, Lòng trắc ẩn, Dịu dàng và Tình yêu ;[1][2] Yogeshvara - Chúa tể của Yoga hoặc Yogi;[3][4] Parabrahman, Svayam Bhagavan (Krishnaism-Vaishnavism)
Thành viên của Dashavatar
Tượng thần Krishna tại đền thờ Sri Mariamman, Singapore.
Devanagariकृष्ण
Chuyển tự tiếng PhạnKṛṣṇa
Liên hệSvayam Bhagavan, Brahman (Krishnaism-Vaishnavism),
Hiện thân của Vishnu, Dashavatara,
Radha Krishna[5][6]
Nơi ngự trị
Vũ khí
Trận chiếnChiến tranh Kurukshetra
Vật cưỡiGaruda
Kinh vănBhagavata Purana, Harivamsa, Vishnu Purana, Mahabharata (Bhagavad Gita), Brahma Vaivarta Purana
Lễ hộiKrishna Janmashtami, Holi, Gopastami, Govardhan Puja, Kartik Purnima, Sharad Purnima, Lathmar Holi
Thông tin cá nhân
Sinh
Mất
Cha mẹ
Anh chị em
Phối ngẫuRadha, Rukmini, Satyabhama, Jambavati, Kalindi, Nagnajiti, Mitravinda, Lakshmana, Bhadra16,000 - 16,100 hoàng hậu trẻ[11][note 2]
Con cáiPradyumna, Samba, Bhanu và nhiều đứa trẻ khác[9][note 1]
Triều đạiYaduvanshi - Chandravanshi

Krishna (/ˈkrɪʃnə/, tiếng Phạn: कृष्ण; IAST: Kṛṣṇa) là vị thần chủ chốt trong Ấn Độ Giáo. Ngài được tôn thờ như một thế thân của Visnu và tự ngài cũng là vị thần lớn. Ngài là vị thần của lòng trắc ẩn, tình yêu, và trí tuệ và là một trong những vị thần được tôn kính và ca tụng rộng rãi trong các vị thần Ấn Độ. Krishna thường được miêu tả như có làn da xanh thẳm như vũ trụ và đi cùng với sợi lông chim công trên đầu và một cây sáo.

Tên và danh hiệu

Chữ Phạn của tên gốc Kṛṣṇa là một tính từ có nghĩa là "Đen" hoặc "Tối",[13] thỉnh thoảng nó cũng được dịch là "tất cả hấp dẫn".[14] Với tư cách là một tên của Vishnu, Krishna được liệt kê là tên thứ 57 trong Vishnu Sahasranama.

Ghi chú

  1. ^ Number of Krishna's children varies from one interpretation to another. According to some scriptures like the Bhagavata Purana, Krishna had 10 children from each of his wives (16,008-16,108 wives and 160,080-161,080 children)[10]
  2. ^ Radha is seen as Krishna's lover-consort. On the other hand, Rukmini and others are married to him. Krishna had eight chief wives, who were referred to as the Ashtabharya. The regional texts vary in the identity of Krishna's wife (consort), some presenting it as Rukmini, some as Radha, all gopis, and some identifying all to be different aspects or manifestation of Devi Lakshmi.[11][12]

Tham khảo

  1. ^ Edwin Bryant & Maria Ekstrand 2004, tr. 21–24.
  2. ^ Edwin Bryant & Maria Ekstrand 2004, tr. 20–25, quote: "Three Dimensions of Krishna's Divinity (...) divine majesty and supremacy; (...) divine tenderness and intimacy; (...) compassion and protection.; (..., p.24) Krishna as the God of Love".
  3. ^ Swami Sivananda (1964). Sri Krishna. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. tr. 4.
  4. ^ “Krishna the Yogeshwara”. The Hindu. 12 tháng 9 năm 2014.
  5. ^ Bryant 2007, tr. 114.
  6. ^ Lỗi chú thích: Thẻ <ref> sai; không có nội dung trong thẻ ref có tên KK
  7. ^ Raychaudhuri 1972, tr. 124
  8. ^ Lỗi chú thích: Thẻ <ref> sai; không có nội dung trong thẻ ref có tên eck380
  9. ^ Naravane, Vishwanath S. (1987). A Companion to Indian Mythology: Hindu, Buddhist & Jaina (bằng tiếng Anh). Thinker's Library, Technical Publishing House.
  10. ^ Sinha, Purnendu Narayana (1950). A Study of the Bhagavata Purana: Or, Esoteric Hinduism (bằng tiếng Anh). Library of Alexandria. ISBN 978-1-4655-2506-2.
  11. ^ a b John Stratton Hawley, Donna Marie Wulff (1982). The Divine Consort: Rādhā and the Goddesses of India. Motilal Banarsidass Publisher. tr. 12. ISBN 978-0-89581-102-8.
  12. ^ Bryant 2007, tr. 443.
  13. ^ *Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (2008 revision) Lưu trữ 2019-10-18 tại Wayback Machine
  14. ^ Rosen, Steven (2006). Essential Hinduism. Greenwood Publishing Group. tr. 224. ISBN 978-0-275-99006-0.

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