Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page
Available for Advertising

George Gurdjieff

George Gurdjieff
Gurdjieff trong khoảng 1925 và 1935
SinhGeorge Ivanovich Gurdjieff
1866 - 1877
Aleksandropol, Đế quốc Nga (hiện tại là Gyumri, Armenia)
Mất(1949-10-29)29 tháng 10, 1949
Neuilly-sur-Seine, Pháp
Thời kỳThế kỷ 20
Đối tượng chính
Psychology, perennial philosophy, science, ancient knowledge
Tư tưởng nổi bật
Fourth Way, Fourth Way enneagram, Centers, Self-remembering
Ảnh hưởng bởi

George Ivanovich Gurdjieff (/ˈɡɜːriˌɛf/; 13 tháng 1 năm 1866/1872/1877? – 29 tháng 10 năm 1949[2]), cũng được viết là Georges Ivanovich Gurdjieff hoặc G. I. Gurdjieff, là một nhà huyền môn, triết gia, thầy tâm linh, và nhà soạn nhạc đầu thế kỷ 20. Ông sinh tại khu vực Armenia của nước Nga với nguồn gốc ArmeniaHy Lạp.[3] Gurdjieff dạy rằng hầu hết con người không có một ý thức tâm trí-cơ thể thống nhất và do đó sống một cuộc sống trong trạng thái thôi miên "nửa ngủ nửat thức", nhưng có thể vượt qua điều này để đạt tới một trạng thái cao hơn của ý thức nhằm có được đầy đủ tiềm năng của con người. Gurdjieff mô tả phương pháp cố gắng để làm như vậy, gọi là kỷ luật "Công việc"[4] (hàm ý "công việc trên chính bản thân") hoặc "Phương pháp".[5] Theo các nguyên lý và hướng dẫn của ông,[6] phương pháp của Gurdjieff để đánh thức ý thức của con người kết hợp các phương pháp của fakir, tu sĩyogi, và do vậy ông nói đến nó như là "con đường thứ tư".[7]

Tham khảo

  1. ^ “The 86 Sayings of Mullah Nassr Eddin”. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 7 tháng 7 năm 2017. Truy cập ngày 13 tháng 12 năm 2016.
  2. ^ James Webb, The Harmonious Circle, Thames and Hudson 1980 pp. 25–6 provides a range of dates from 1872, 1873, 1874, 1877 to 1886.
  3. ^ http://www.cambridgescholars.com/download/sample/58952 Lưu trữ 2019-09-18 tại Wayback Machine Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Edited by Michael Pittman. G. I. Gurdjieff: Armenian Roots, Global Branches. During the early period after Gurdjieff’s arrival in Europe in 1921 he gained significant notoriety in Europe and the United States... In October of 1922, Gurdjieff set up a school at the Prieuré des Basses Loges at Fontainebleau-Avon, outside of Paris. It was at the Prieuré that Gurdjieff met many notable figures, authors, and artists of the early twentieth century, many of whom went on to be close students and exponents of his teaching. Over the course of his life, those who visited and worked with him included the French author René Daumal; the renowned short story author from New Zealand, Katherine Mansfield; Kathryn Hulme, later the author of A Nun's Life; P. L. Travers, the author of Mary Poppins; and Jean Toomer, the author of Cane, whose work and influence would figure prominently in the Harlem Renaissance... Numerous study groups, organizations, formal foundations, and even land-based communities have been initiated in his name, primarily in North and South America and Europe, and to a lesser extent, in Japan, China, India, Australia, and South Africa. In 1979, Peter Brook, distinguished British theater director and author, created a film based on Meetings with Remarkable Men.
  4. ^ Ouspensky, P. D. (1977). In Search of the Miraculous. tr. 312–313. ISBN 0-15-644508-5. Schools of the fourth way exist for the needs of the work... But no matter what the fundamental aim of the work is... When the work is done the schools close.
  5. ^ Nott, C.S. (1961). Teachings of Gurdjieff: A Pupil's Journal: An Account of some Years with G.I. Gurdjieff and A.R. Orage in New York and at Fontainbleau-Avon. Routledge and Kegan Paul, London and Henley. tr. x. ISBN 0-7100-8937-6.
  6. ^ De Penafieu, Bruno (1997). Needleman, Jacob; Baker, George (biên tập). Gurdjieff. Continuum International Publishing Group. tr. 214. ISBN 1-4411-1084-4. If I were to cease working... all these worlds would perish.
  7. ^ “Gurdjieff International Review”. Gurdjieff.org. Truy cập ngày 2 tháng 3 năm 2014.

Liên kết ngoài

Read other articles:

Cet article concerne l'édition 2013 du pay-per-view Elimination Chamber. Pour toutes les autres éditions, voir Elimination Chamber. Elimination ChamberLogo officiel d'Elimination Chamber 2013Main event The Rock contre CM PunkThème musical The Crazy Ones de Stellar RevivalInformationsFédération WWESponsor G.I. Joe: Retaliation WWE Power SlammersDate 17 février 2013Spectateurs 13 000 personnesTéléspectacteurs 15 669 personnesLieu New Orleans ArenaVille(s) La Nouvelle-Orléans, Louis...

日本の行政機関金融再生委員会きんゆうさいせいいいんかい 金融再生委員会が設置された霞が関ビルディング役職委員長 柳澤伯夫[註釈 1]委員長代理 清水湛[註釈 1]政務次官 村井仁[註釈 1]組織上部組織 総理府[註釈 1]内部部局 事務局、株価算定委員会[註釈 1]下部組織 金融庁[註釈 1]概要所在地 東京都千代田区霞が関3丁目2番5号霞が関...

Ametralladora Gatling Un arma de fuego de cañón múltiple es un arma de fuego de cualquier tipo con más de un cañón, por lo general para aumentar la cadencia de fuego / probabilidad de impacto y para reducir el desgaste / sobrecalentamiento del cañón.[1]​ Historia Las armas de fuego de cañón múltiple se remontan a los años 1300, cuando se desarrollaron los primeros cañones de salva. Originalmente fueron un primitivo intento de fuego rápido antes de la introducción de las a...

«Flame Is Burning»Sencillo de Yulia SamóilovaPublicación 2017Formato Descarga digitalGrabación 2017Género(s) PopAutor(es) Leonid GutkinNetta NimrodiArie Burshtein[editar datos en Wikidata] «Flame Is Burning» —[fleɪm ɪz bɜːnɪŋ]; en español: «La llama está ardiendo»— es una canción compuesta por Leonid Gutkin, Netta Nimrodi y Arie Burshtein e interpretada en inglés por Yulia Samóilova. Fue elegida para representar a Rusia en el Festival de la Canción de Eurov...

Grimmaischer Steinweg WappenStraße in Leipzig, Stadtbezirk Mitte Grimmaischer Steinweg Der Grimmaische Steinweg vom Augustusplatz aus Richtung Osten (2011) Basisdaten Ort Leipzig, Stadtbezirk Mitte Ortsteil Zentrum-Ost, Zentrum-Südost Hist. Namen Dresdner Straße (1839–1863) Anschluss­straßen Augustusplatz, Johannisplatz Querstraßen Nürnberger Straße, Querstraße Nutzung Nutzergruppen Fußverkehr, Radverkehr, Autoverkehr, ÖPNV Technische Daten Straßenlänge 0,2 km[1] De...

Vista exterior del Salón de Reinos del antiguo palacio del Buen Retiro. El Salón de Reinos, tras el desalojo del Museo del Ejército y antes del inicio de su reforma como ampliación del Museo del Prado. La recuperación de Bahía de Todos los Santos, por Juan Bautista Maíno. Es uno de los lienzos de batallas que decoraron el Salón de Reinos. El Salón de Reinos o salón grande fue el auténtico eje representativo del antiguo palacio del Buen Retiro de Madrid, construido entre 1630 y 1635...

Bilateral relationsFinnish–Turkish relations Finland Turkey Diplomatic missionEmbassy of Finland, AnkaraEmbassy of Turkey, Helsinki Finland–Turkey relations are foreign relations between Finland and Turkey. Finland has an embassy in Ankara and an honorary consulate general in Istanbul and other honorary consulates in Adana, Alanya, Antalya, Belek, Bodrum, İzmir, and Kayseri. Turkey has an embassy in Helsinki. Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the Organisation for ...

Bumitama Gunajaya Agro (BGA) adalah perusahaan minyak sawit Indonesia yang didirikan tahun 1997.[1][2] Perusahaan ini merupakan anggota Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil[3] dan perusahaan induk dari Bumitama Agri Ltd.[4] Bumitama Gunajaya Agro memiliki 15% saham di Agro Sejahtera Manunggal, Windu Nabatindo Sejahtera, Bumitama Gunajaya Abadi, dan Windu Nabatindo Abadi.[5] Perusahaan ini pernah bekerja sama dengan IOI Group asal Malaysia.[6] Peru...

2020 soundtrack album by Thaman S Ala VaikunthapurramulooSoundtrack album by Thaman SReleased17 January 2020 (2020-01-17)Recorded2019GenreFeature film soundtrackLength21:56LanguageTeluguLabelAditya MusicProducerThaman SThaman S chronology Prati Roju Pandage(2019) Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo(2020) Disco Raja(2020) External audio Official Audio Jukebox on YouTube Singles from Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo Samajavaragamana (Male version)Released: 27 September 2019 Ramuloo RamulaaRelease...

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article's factual accuracy is disputed. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are reliably sourced. (January 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations...

Diese Liste von Persönlichkeiten der Stadt Neukirchen-Vluyn umfasst die Bürgermeister, Ehrenbürger, Söhne und Töchter der Stadt sowie weitere Persönlichkeiten mit Bezug zur Stadt. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Bürgermeister 2 In Neukirchen-Vluyn geborene Persönlichkeiten 3 Bekannte Einwohner und mit Neukirchen-Vluyn verbundene Persönlichkeiten 4 Siehe auch Bürgermeister 1836–1875 Gustav Haarbeck 1875–1923 Hermann Haarbeck 1923–1928 Dr. Baehr 1928–1945 Erich Neumann (NSDAP) 1945–194...

Ottoman gold coin For the village in Iran, see Sultani, Iran. Sultani of Sulayman I, 1520/21 Sultani of Ahmed III, 1703 The sultani (Ottoman Turkish: سلطاني) was an Ottoman gold coin. It was first minted in 1477–8 during the reign of Mehmed II (r. 1451–1481), following the Venetian ducat standard,[1] weighing about 3.45 grams (0.111 ozt). The sultani is the classic Ottoman gold coin also known generically as altın (آلتون, gold). References ^ Pamuk, Sevket (2000). ...

Municipality in Norrbotten County, SwedenBoden Municipality Bodens kommunMunicipalityRödberget fort, part of Boden Fortress Coat of armsCoordinates: 65°50′N 21°43′E / 65.833°N 21.717°E / 65.833; 21.717CountrySwedenCountyNorrbotten CountySeatBodenArea[1] • Total4,285.13 km2 (1,654.50 sq mi) • Land4,007.86 km2 (1,547.44 sq mi) • Water277.27 km2 (107.05 sq mi) Area as of...

Sydney SweeneySweeney di pemutaran perdana Once Upon a Time in Hollywood tahun 2019Lahir12 September 1997 (umur 26)Spokane, Washington, Amerika Serikat[1]PekerjaanAktrisTahun aktif2009–sekarangPasanganJonathan Davino Sydney Sweeney (lahir 12 September 1997)[2][3] adalah seorang aktris asal Amerika Serikat. Dia muncul dalam seri Netflix, Everything Sucks! (2018) dan memiliki peran pendukung dalam seri Hulu, The Handmaid's Tale (2018) dan mini seri HBO Sharp ...

This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Amazorblades – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2014) AmazorbladesOriginBrighton, England, UKGenresPunk rockYears active1977LabelsChiswick RecordsPast membersChopper, Ben Mandelson, Rob Keyloch, Steve Harris and Robin Watson Amazorb...

American long-distance runner Max BohlandPersonal informationNationalityAmericanBorn(1896-02-04)February 4, 1896Pegau, Kingdom of Saxony, German EmpireDiedFebruary 1975Queens, New York, United StatesSportSportAthleticsEventLong-distance running Max Bohland (February 4, 1896 – February 1975) was an American athlete.[1] He competed in the men's individual cross country event at the 1920 Summer Olympics.[2] References ^ Max Bohland. Olympedia. Retrieved July 19, 2021. ^ Eva...

Bandar Udara Niijima新島空港新島空港Niijima KūkōFoto udara Bandar Udara Niijima pada tahun 1978IATA: noneICAO: RJANInformasiJenisPublikPengelolaTokyo MetropolitanMelayaniDesa Niijima, JepangLokasiNiijima, JepangKetinggian dpl mdplPetaRJANLokasi di JepangLandasan pacu Arah Panjang Permukaan m kaki 11/29 800 2.625 Aspal beton Bandar Udara Niijima (新島空港code: ja is deprecated , Niijima Kūkō) (ICAO: RJAN)[1] merupakan sebuah lapangan udara publik yang terletak...

恐竜類 Dinosauria 生息年代: 後期三畳紀–完新世, 231.4 – 0 Mya (現生鳥類を含む) PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N 恐竜類の化石。左上からミクロラプトル、アパトサウルス、ピナコサウルス、ステゴサウルス、エドモントサウルス、トリケラトプス 地質時代 約23,140万- 現代(中生代後期三畳紀 - 現代) 分類 ドメイン : 真核生物 Eukaryota 界 : 動物界 Animalia 門 : 脊索動物門 Chordat...

2010 video gameDead NationDeveloper(s)HousemarqueClimax Studios (PS4 and PS Vita)Publisher(s)Sony Computer EntertainmentPlatform(s)PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita, PlayStation 4ReleasePlayStation 3NA: November 30, 2010[2]PAL: December 1, 2010[1]Road of DevastationNA: September 27, 2011 (PS3)PAL: September 28, 2011 (PS3)NA: April 15, 2014 (Vita)PlayStation 4NA: March 4, 2014PAL: March 5, 2014PlayStation VitaNA: April 15, 2014[3]PAL: April 16, 2014Genre(s)Shoot 'em upMod...

Species of jawless fish Inshore hagfish Inshore hagfish at the market in Busan Conservation status Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1) Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Infraphylum: Agnatha Class: Myxini Order: Myxiniformes Family: Myxinidae Genus: Eptatretus Species: E. burgeri Binomial name Eptatretus burgeri(Girard, 1855) Synonyms[1][2] Bdellostoma burgeri Girard 1855 Heptatretus burgeri (Girard 1855) Homea burgeri (Girard 1855)...

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya